A Cardiff University team has secured funding to develop a new surgical simulator that accurately reproduces the effects of cutting in real time. The project, led by Professor Stéphane Bordas, aims to reduce risk to neurosurgery patients and aid training worldwide.
Researchers at Cardiff University discovered a new group of cells with strong immunosuppressive properties derived from cheek tissue. These cells can completely inhibit lymphocyte action with small doses, offering promise for combating diseases like diabetes and organ rejection.
A team of researchers has discovered an entire fossil forest in upstate New York, revealing the oldest known tree stumps and new insights into the evolution of forests. The 385-million-year-old Gilboa fossil forest contains hundreds of large tree stumps with preserved roots, offering a glimpse into the Earth's ancient ecosystems.
Researchers tested over 20,000 pregnant women and their children's IQ at age three, finding no difference between treated and untreated groups. The study adds support to current UK guidelines against routine antenatal screening for hypothyroidism in pregnancy.
Researchers have identified a key switch that releases zinc into cells, which could be used to block cancer development and halt tumor growth. Zinc levels are controlled by protein molecules called zinc transporters, and understanding how these transporters release zinc has important implications for disease treatment.
A new catalytic process at Cardiff University converts hydrocarbons from diesel production into oxygenated aromatics, including phthalic anhydride and coumarin. This breakthrough could lead to less waste and the creation of more useful chemicals for various industries.
Researchers at Cardiff University have discovered a link between killer T-cells and the development of Type 1 diabetes. The study found that killer T-cells can attack and destroy insulin-producing cells in the pancreas, leading to a lack of insulin and high blood sugar.
A new technique developed by Cardiff University scientists may help predict which IVF embryos are most likely to result in a successful pregnancy. By analyzing the internal movements of eggs, they hope to improve IVF success rates and reduce the number of multiple births.
Researchers at Cardiff University have secured a £2M MRC Programme Grant to investigate the potential of a calcium-like molecule in protecting against enzymes that trigger pancreatitis. The team aims to better understand stellate cells, which may be the link between chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer.
A three-year study funded by the National Institute for Health Research Service Delivery and Organisation (NIHR SDO) programme identified significant gaps and weaknesses in children's health information. The report emphasizes the need for child-friendly, accessible, and appropriate information that meets each child's unique needs.
Researchers have pinpointed a new genetic segment on chromosome 9 as the cause of familial motor neuron disease, with affected patients carrying hundreds of DNA repeats that disrupt multiple mechanisms in motor nerve cells. This discovery may lead to new blood tests for early detection and treatment avenues.
Research from Cardiff University reveals that invertebrates living on the woodland floor regulate fungal battles, ensuring less competitive species survive. This process maintains soil quality and fertility, supporting native trees and plants.
A team of researchers has found that common genetic variants contribute to the risk of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, with many variations found in both diseases. The study identifies six new molecular evidence links with these diseases and suggests disruption of development processes as a factor in mental disorders.
Developed by Cardiff University, the test identifies a wound type based on its gene signature with an initial accuracy rate of 98%. It has the potential to transform service provision and provide the right treatment at the earliest possible opportunity.
A team of scientists predicts that Earth's climate has undergone rapid transitions over the last 800,000 years, with evidence from ancient snow layers and volcanic eruptions. The study extends the current 100,000-year record to create a new testing ground for climate models.
A new Cardiff University study aims to develop a vaccine patch targeting immune cells in the skin to boost the body's response and prevent HIV transmission. The research uses microneedles to modulate dendritic cells, increasing their potency and inducing immunity.
A Cardiff University-led team discovered antibiotic-resistant bacteria carrying the NDM-1 gene in New Delhi's drinking water supply, including strains that cause cholera and dysentery. The findings highlight the need for urgent action to tackle the spread of resistant bacteria worldwide.
Researchers have uncovered five new genes that increase the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, adding to a total of ten identified genes. The study found that these genes are clustered in patterns, implicating immune system and cholesterol processing as risk factors.
Climate change communication has been ineffective in changing public opinion, with researchers arguing that the public lacks understanding of climate uncertainties. A new study suggests that a cross-disciplinary team approach and strategic listening can improve communication.
Scientists at Cardiff University discovered that spiders can intercept and use vibrational signals from insects to locate their prey. The study found that male leafhopper vibrations are more attractive to predatory spiders, suggesting a preference for males during courtship.
A Cardiff University study found that antibiotics have no significant impact on alleviating symptoms or speeding recovery in patients with yellow or green phlegm. The research suggests that clinicians and patients overestimate the importance of phlegm color in deciding whether to prescribe antibiotics.
A Cardiff University-led study has discovered a protein, calmodulin, that protects pancreatic cells against the harmful effects of alcohol. The findings could lead to the development of new treatments for pancreatitis and reduce the risk of pancreatic cancer.
A new study by Cardiff University and Ipsos-MORI found that direct experience of extreme weather events like flooding can significantly affect people's perceptions of climate change. As a result, individuals who have experienced flooding are more prepared to take personal action and reduce their energy use.
Cardiff University astronomers propose that young stars' long naps could lead to the birth of smaller stars and planets. The researchers developed advanced computer models to simulate young star behavior, finding that disc fragmentation is possible in nature.
A Cardiff University study found a strong link between happy hour-style drinking promotions and pub violence in the UK. The research suggests that premises with aggressive pricing strategies and lax staff monitoring are more likely to experience high levels of violence.
Researchers at Cardiff University have developed a 'sleeping Trojan horse' delivery system that enables the efficient transport of metal ions into cells, opening up new possibilities for medical imaging. This innovative approach resolves some of the difficulties associated with traditional 'Trojan Horse' techniques.
Despite recession fears, UK companies have adapted by focusing on key business needs, organizing in-house courses, and using staff as trainers. Total expenditure on training has reduced only slightly, with an overwhelming majority of employers recognizing essential 'training floors' to support workforce multi-skills.
New research suggests ocean circulation changes may have caused severe cold intervals in Europe, with the Atlantic ocean capable of radical changes on short timescales. The study found that deep water formation switched off and on repeatedly, leading to warming and cooling centuries at a time.
Researchers at Cardiff University have made a breakthrough in activating hydrocarbon feedstocks using a gold catalyst. The study achieved unprecedented yields of over 90% for the formation of reactive molecules.
A Cardiff University study reveals that living in a deprived area increases the risk of violence more sharply for girls than boys. The researchers found that assault injury rates were uniformly higher in the most deprived areas, and that the risk to girls was three times more sensitive to material deprivation.
Researchers at Cardiff University cloned a human virus, Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV), which is a major cause of congenital malformations and life-threatening disease in transplant patients. The cloning of HCMV has enabled the development of new treatments and vaccines against this virus.
Researchers at Cardiff University are using advanced brain imaging techniques to investigate how people with autism process touch sensations. The study aims to provide a clearer understanding of sensory symptoms in autism and potentially lead to the development of new treatments.
Dr Paola Borri's £1.1M award will support her research on optical nanoscopy, enabling detailed study of living cells without fluorescent staining. This technology holds promise for tackling biological and medical problems, such as HIV and cancer research.
Researchers have discovered a crucial protein controlling cell division and acquisition of characteristics in plants. This breakthrough provides new insights into the co-ordination of cellular processes and may have implications for animal biology and organ formation.
Researchers found that an enzyme called prolyl oligopeptidase controls a set of genes related to lithium sensitivity in bipolar patients. This discovery could lead to better understanding of the illness and more effective treatments.
A new project aims to develop preservation strategies for heritage iron by measuring corrosion rates and assigning lifespans based on environmental conditions. The research team will test novel sensors and collaborate with museums and commercial sectors to optimize conservation, reducing energy expenditure and costs.
A study by Cardiff University found that climate change is putting trout and salmon at risk due to warmer water and lower river levels. The research, published in Global Change Biology, suggests that both species face major problems if climate warming continues.
Researchers at Cardiff University have successfully conducted experiments with photons, showing that pairs increase oscillation frequency and agreeing with theoretical predictions. The findings have long-term implications for information technology, including the potential to build logical systems based on quantum interactions.
A random sample of 1205 black, white, and mixed-race faces showed mixed-race individuals were rated as more attractive. The study's findings suggest a biological phenomenon known as heterosis may contribute to this perception.
A three-year study involving 3,500 children found that frequent communication between fathers and their teenagers reduced the risk of smoking experimentation. Fathers play a crucial role in shaping their children's choices, highlighting the need for improved parenting guidance.
The giant panda genome study has identified genetic traits that may aid in understanding the animal's unique bamboo diet and inform conservation efforts. The research found that pandas lack genes necessary for competing digestion of bamboo, suggesting a reliance on microbes to digest this staple food source.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Psychiatry has linked maternal tobacco use to an increased risk of psychotic symptoms in children. The research, conducted on 6,356 adolescents, found that smoking during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of psychotic symptoms, particularly in those whose mothers smoked heavily.
A study published in the British Journal of Psychiatry found that children who ate confectionary daily were more likely to be violent as adults. The researchers suggest this may be due to a lack of deferred gratification, leading to impulsive behavior.
A team of scientists has confirmed a major link between declining CO2 levels and the formation of Antarctica's ice caps. The study found that atmospheric CO2 levels reached a tipping point of around 760 parts per million when the Antarctic ice sheet began to form.
A new study published in the International Journal of Astrobiology claims that comets contained vast oceans of liquid water during their formation, providing ideal conditions for primitive bacteria to grow and multiply. The study's findings support the theory of cometary panspermia, which suggests that life was introduced to Earth by c...
Researchers found that brain oscillation frequency is determined by GABA concentration in the visual cortex. Higher GABA levels result in higher frequency or note, potentially leading to new treatment options for conditions like epilepsy and schizophrenia.
Researchers at Cardiff University have identified a key molecule involved in Lithium's action on the brain. Increasing IMPase levels can lead to higher PIP3 production, which is reduced by Lithium treatment.
Researchers at Cardiff University found evidence of a global ocean circulation 'seesaw' that linked abrupt temperature changes in the North Atlantic to rapid cooling in the Southern Ocean, with implications for our understanding of climate change's effects on a global scale.
A Cardiff University research project found a link between prenatal smoking and anti-social behavior in children, but only when the mother was genetically linked to the child. The study suggests that factors other than smoking during pregnancy influence anti-social behavior.
A new study by Cardiff University found that climate change is hindering the long-term recovery of rivers from the effects of acid rain. The research, which took place over a 25-year period, showed that up to 40% of improvements made in reducing acid rain have been canceled out due to climatic effects.