A major international study found that vaginal progesterone administration to women with a mid-trimester sonographic short cervix reduces the rate of preterm birth at various gestational ages. The study also shows a reduction in neonatal complications, including very low birth weight and associated mortality.
A new study in Heliyon reveals that Neanderthals lived at least 3,000 years longer than previously thought in Southern Iberia, challenging the idea of a smooth wave-of-advance. The research proposes a 'stop-and-go, punctuated' mechanism for human evolution.
A new data mining approach has identified the key publications that drove the development of five major anti-cancer drugs, revealing the importance of research collaboration, grants, and publications in breakthroughs. The study's findings have implications for research institutions planning collaborative efforts.
A study published in the Journal of Hepatology found that nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with an increased risk of liver, colorectal, and breast cancers. Patients with NAFLD were 16.73 times more likely to develop hepatocellular carcinoma and twice as likely to develop colorectal cancer.
Researchers used induced pluripotent stem cells to explore the causes of autism, revealing that abnormalities in astrocytes may contribute to the disorder. Astrocytes play a crucial role in the development and function of the nervous system.
Research suggests that older donor lungs can be used for transplantation with reasonable outcomes, expanding the donor pool. The study found no significant difference in 5-year survival between patients who received older versus younger donor lungs.
A new study found that microRNA-34a contributes to liver fibrosis in ALD. Inhibiting this miR-34a reduces liver injury and fibrosis in ALD patients.
A high percentage of adolescents in developed countries use dietary supplements for sports performance and immune system benefits. The study found that boys and girls cite similar reasons, with enhancing sport performance as the top reason among athletes and nonathletes alike.
A survey of 1,914 healthcare professionals found that four in 10 opt to work while experiencing influenza-like illness, putting patients at risk. Hospital-based providers are among the most likely to do so, highlighting the need for updated paid sick leave policies and tailored strategies to promote healthy choices.
Researchers found that nearly three-quarters of participants didn't develop problems with marijuana during young adulthood. The remaining quarter showed varying levels of limited, persistent, and delayed problems, often linked to childhood family conflict and instability. Anxiety disorders were a common issue among these users.
A new study in Biological Psychiatry provides direct human evidence for a decades-old theory linking heightened arousal and reactivity in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to overactivity of the locus coeruleus (LC), a brain region that mediates arousal and reactivity. The study found that participants with PTSD exhibited increased ...
A recent study published in HeartRhythm found that blacks have a lower risk of atrial fibrillation compared to whites, despite having similar risk factors. The research suggests that the frequency of early beats in the atria, known as premature atrial contractions, may be heritable and explain the racial differences in AF rates.
A new study found that patients undergoing urological surgery are at risk of opioid dependence or overdose, with younger age, depression, and tobacco use being key risk factors. Urologists urge a balanced approach to prescribing opioids to minimize risks and maximize patient safety.
A new study found that Medicare beneficiaries in low-income US counties utilize observation care more commonly, leading to high out-of-pocket expenses. Patients in poor counties were 17% more likely to incur high costs compared to wealthier counterparts.
A new gene expression profiling assay has been developed to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The assay can differentiate between three major subtypes associated with different outcomes, including germinal center B-cell-like and activated B-cell-like subtypes.
The European Menopause and Andropause Society recommends a daily calcium intake of 700-1200mg for postmenopausal women to reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Calcium-rich foods should be prioritized over supplements, as excessive intake may cause harm.
A new review in Marine Geology reveals that slightly warmer temperatures and moderate CO2 concentrations over 100,000 years ago led to dramatic superstorms and sea-level rise in the Bahamas and Bermuda. The study emphasizes that strong climate forcing is not required to yield major impacts on the ocean and ice caps.
A new study found elevated glutamate and glycine levels in patients with first-episode psychosis, indicating abnormal stimulation of NMDA receptors. The findings may help explain why glycine supplementation hasn't worked as a treatment for schizophrenia.
Researchers found that Rapamycin significantly reduces heterotopic ossification (HO) in rats, mimicking blast-related limb injury, and decreases progenitor cells and gene expression associated with abnormal bone formation. The treatment has potential as a prophylactic strategy to prevent HO in combat casualties and civilians.
A new study published in Mayo Clinic Proceedings has found that individuals with lower serum calcium levels are more likely to experience sudden cardiac arrest. The research, which analyzed data from over 200 SCA cases and 445 control subjects, suggests that even normal-range serum calcium levels may pose a risk for SCA.
A large twin study suggests that genetic factors contribute to nearly 80% of schizophrenia risk. Researchers used a new statistical approach to estimate heritability and found a similar result when considering related disorders on the schizophrenia spectrum.
Researchers found that young people's confusion about energy drinks suggests the need for educational campaigns. Participants suggested strategies to reduce consumption, including restrictions on sale, changing packaging, and increasing prices.
A new study found that watching hockey games live or on TV can cause a substantial effect on the cardiovascular system, with average heart rate increases of 75% and 110%, respectively. The emotional stress response triggered by high-stakes moments in the game can trigger adverse cardiovascular events.
Researchers found that patients with Crohn's disease have higher levels of fungus Candida tropicalis compared to healthy family members. Antifungals and probiotics could help restore balance to the microbiome, reducing inflammation.
A new study in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that older adults are more likely to disclose suicidal thoughts as they age, especially those with chronic pain, diagnosed illness, social isolation, and recent mental health care. Researchers identified four key interventions to prevent suicide among older adults.
A new study suggests that integrated sepsis screening and treatment protocols can increase the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, leading to higher healthcare facility-onset C. difficile infection (CDI) rates. Researchers found an increased rate of HCFO CDI during and following sepsis care bundle implementation.
A new model of treatment for youth with anxiety can be effectively delivered using at least 14% less therapist time than traditional treatment services. The study tested a stepped care model, where young people first begin using self-help to manage their symptoms before stepping up to treatment with a therapist.
Researchers found that statin users have a 27% lower risk of Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infections outside hospitals, with increased dosage offering greater protection. The study suggests that statins may play an important role in preventing serious blood infections, particularly among elderly patients with chronic conditions.
A new study found that both restrictive spirometry pattern and reduced forced vital capacity were associated with increased arterial stiffness in men and women. Arterial stiffness increased fourfold when FVC decreased, highlighting the importance of assessing and following up on individuals with restrictive spirometry patterns.
A new study found that women exposed to Agent Orange during the Vietnam War had higher levels of hormones in their breast milk, which were then transferred to their babies. The research revealed a nearly three-fold increase in DHEA in babies from dioxin hotspots compared to non-contaminated regions.
A study found that cold temperatures and atmospheric pressure increases are associated with a higher risk of hospitalization and death in elderly patients with heart failure. The researchers suggest that elderly patients should avoid fog and low cloud weather in winter to prevent such events.
Patients with both HIV and HCV are at increased risk of end-stage liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Drinking three or more cups of coffee daily halved all-cause mortality in these patients. The anti-inflammatory properties of polyphenols in coffee may protect the liver and reduce inflammation.
A recent study published in Biological Psychiatry has found a link between brain inflammation and suicidal thinking in patients with major depressive disorder. Researchers at the University of Manchester discovered increased levels of microglial activation in brains of living patients with MDD who were experiencing suicidal thoughts.
Research suggests that clearing the airway to prevent 'tongue swallowing' can delay crucial chest compressions, leading to increased mortality rates. In analyzed videos of athlete cardiac arrests, only 38% showed chest compressions, highlighting a critical gap in resuscitation protocols.
Two new studies published in the Journal of AAPOS found that all 70 infants with suspected and confirmed CZS had visual impairment, regardless of ocular abnormalities. Cortical visual impairment may be the most common cause of blindness among children with CZS.
A new study found that administering a histamine-producing probiotic reduced inflammation and suppressed colon tumors in mice. The probiotic increased expression of the enzyme histidine decarboxylase, which converts histidine to histamine, resulting in decreased glucose uptake and tumor formation.
A new study in Global Food Security found that livestock consume mostly foods unfit for human consumption, making their impact on the human food supply smaller than previously thought. The research also showed that certain production systems contribute directly to global food security by producing highly valuable nutrients.
A new study found that certified nursing assistants frequently failed to change gloves, leading to the spread of dangerous pathogens in nursing homes. The study recommends improved glove use behavior and monitoring to reduce the risk of disease transmission.
A study found that only 57% of qualified patients receive implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICDs), despite guidelines recommending their use. ICDs can detect and stop life-threatening arrhythmias, reducing death by over 30%. The study suggests a treatment gap and calls for improved education to ensure eligible patients receive t...
A study published in JAACAP found that transgender youth in California are at significant risk for suicidal thoughts, with nearly 35% reporting suicidal ideation. The study used statewide representative data and highlights the need for school-based interventions to address victimization and provide access to gender-affirming healthcare.
Advancements in mathematical tools are enhancing understanding of brain processes, including learning, emotion, dopamine signaling, and information processing. Studies using computational models are shedding light on the mechanisms underlying psychiatric diseases.
A new study found that consuming high energy-density foods increases obesity-related cancer risk among normal-weight women, independent of body mass index. The study suggests that metabolic dysregulation caused by high-energy-density diets may be a contributing factor to obesity-related cancers.
A new study found that poor nitric acid responsiveness may lead to arteriovenous fistula failure in hemodialysis patients. Researchers discovered that improving nitric oxide responsiveness through manipulation of local mediators can prevent fistula maturation failure and potentially improve patient outcomes.
A recent paper analyzes security issues in smart electrical grids, highlighting potential consequences of cyber attacks on advanced metering infrastructures. The report provides crucial keys to ensuring the security of our power supply.
A new study found that patients who responded to ketamine treatment had increased early morning activity and lower evening activity levels. Altered circadian timekeeping systems may mediate ketamine's effects on mood.
A study found that patient empowerment tools can improve hand hygiene compliance among healthcare providers. However, only half of physicians support patients reminding them to perform hand hygiene, citing concerns about the patient-doctor relationship.
A new study in The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry found that middle-aged and older adults can successfully use a smartphone-based intervention to self-manage their serious mental illness. The app takes patients through 10 sessions over three months, covering topics such as stress vulnerability and medication adherence.
Experts emphasize the importance of communicating cancer prevention messages to young adults (18-44 years) to reduce future cancer risk. The articles highlight various factors contributing to cancer risk, including health behaviors, chronic conditions, and social drivers, and propose tailored interventions to mitigate risks.
A new blood test can detect miniscule amounts of cancer DNA released into the blood, allowing for rapid detection of genetic mutations. This test has the potential to be personalized to recognize mutations unique to individual cancers.
A new study refines death certificate data to provide more accurate estimates of opioid and heroin fatalities, resulting in significant shifts in state-by-state mortality rates. The corrected rates show a 24% higher national growth rate for opioids and a 22% higher rate for heroin.