Researchers discovered how filamin A and Drp1 interact to facilitate mitochondrial fission under hypoxic conditions, leading to heart failure. The study found that cilnidipine prevents this damaging process, preserving heart function after a heart attack or in cardiovascular disease.
Researchers have discovered an ultra-stripped supernova, a rare type of supernova believed to play a role in forming binary neutron star systems. The discovery advances understanding of gravitational waves and the origin of precious metals.
A study on Asian ladybird beetles reveals a single gene, pannier, that regulates diverse color patterns. The gene's expression affects black and red pigmentation in the forewing, driving morphological evolution.
Researchers discovered Serratia marcescens chitinase A (SmChiA) as a molecular motor that converts energy into unidirectional mechanical motion. It hydrolyzes recalcitrant crystalline chitin to form a water-soluble disaccharide, exhibiting fast and efficient degradation.
Researchers identified a specific brain region linked to reduced appreciation of one's own rewards when a partner receives a reward, providing insight into the emotion of envy. This finding has implications for understanding social behavior and valuation of resources.
Researchers have proposed a new method to investigate supernovae explosions, utilizing meteorites and electron anti-neutrinos. By measuring the amount of Ruthenium isotope 98Ru, scientists can estimate the characteristics of electron anti-neutrinos in supernovae, shedding light on their role in the explosion mechanism.
Researchers found that circumstellar matter surrounding red supergiant stars can hide shock breakout light, causing supernovae to brighten faster than expected. The discovery changes our understanding of stellar evolution and offers insights into the origin of diversity in supernovae.
Astronomers used ALMA to create the most detailed map of a distant starburst galaxy, finding highly unstable molecular clouds that lead to rapid star formation. The galaxy's gas is estimated to be consumed in 100 million years, 10 times faster than in other galaxies.
A team of Japanese scientists has demonstrated a method to produce novel light beams from synchrotron radiation, enabling the generation of X-ray vector beams. This breakthrough could pave the way for new applications in X-ray diffraction, scattering, and absorption/emission spectroscopy.
An international team identified the source object of an ultra-high energy neutrino using the Subaru Telescope and OISTER network in collaboration with the IceCube experiment. The source, TXS 0506+056, is a blazer emitting radiation as it spirals into a supermassive black hole.
Researchers have developed a new IR instrument to search for potentially habitable planets around small red dwarf stars. The instrument, IRD, uses advanced technology to measure the line-of-sight movement of stars and detect planets with high accuracy.
Researchers used the Pirka Telescope to observe Phaethon's reflected light polarization at various angles, revealing strongly polarized light that challenges previous assumptions. The findings suggest that Phaethon's surface may be darker than expected, potentially due to a lower albedo or larger grains on its surface.
Researchers at National Institutes of Natural Sciences and United States collaborators discover turbulence exists in magnetic island, propagates faster toward center than modulated temperature change. This breakthrough demonstrates new way to suppress turbulence using propagation idea.
The study reveals that ATP binding induces ClpB ring formation and hydrolysis causes significant structural changes between round, spiral, and twisted-half-spiral conformations. The results clarify individual roles of AAA1 and AAA2 domains in the disaggregation reaction.
Astronomers detected a faint signal of oxygen 13.28 billion light-years away using ALMA, indicating mature star formation in a young galaxy. The observation suggests stars formed 250 million years after the Big Bang.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive technique to measure the hardness of living tissues, which can influence organ formation during development. The method combines physical modeling and statistical estimation to estimate tissue hardness based on cell population deformation and mechanical forces applied to the tissue.
A research team led by Eiji Watanabe reproduced illusory motion using deep neural networks trained for prediction. The DNNs accurately predicted motion in unlearned videos and represented rotational motion in illusion images, similar to human visual perception.
Researchers have identified nearly 200 regions of galaxies gathering together to form protoclusters in the early Universe 12 billion years ago. The discovery challenges the long-held assumption that quasars are created by galaxy mergers, suggesting alternative mechanisms for quasar activity.
A team of researchers has created a comprehensive dark matter map, indicating inconsistent halos with the standard cosmological model. The findings could hold new clues to understanding the accelerating expansion of the Universe.
Researchers at National Institute for Fusion Science have discovered a way to predict plasma loss in fusion research. By studying the resonant and non-resonant modes of plasma deformation, they can identify the 'trigger' that occurs immediately before the sudden phenomenon, allowing for predictions to be made.
Researchers observed CO gas associated with the galactic disk, but found it unaffected by the strong ionized gas outflow from the galactic center. This challenges the widely accepted idea that radiation from galactic centers influences molecular gas and star formation activities.
Researchers used ALMA to directly observe the rotation of a compact gaseous structure around a supermassive black hole in galaxy M77. The team found that the structure, called a torus, has an asymmetry and contains random motion, suggesting a possible violent history.
Scientists analyzed data from HINODE to reveal a strongly magnetized iron atom signature in a sunspot, with a magnetic field strength of 6,250 gauss, more than double the usual amount. The strongest field was found at a bright region between two umbrae, not in the dark core as expected.
An international team of researchers identified activation of CRH-positive neurons in PVH as sufficient and necessary to induce dietary preference for carbohydrates over fats. The study reveals the role of AMPK and CPT1c in regulating food selection behavior.
Statistical analysis suggests that supermassive black hole spin plays a role in generating high-speed jets and powerful radio waves. Nearly 8000 quasars were analyzed, with O III oxygen emissions found to be stronger in radio loud quasars, implying spin's importance.
Research reveals that MADS-box genes in moss control sperm motility and cell division, critical for fertilization. The findings suggest that these genes may have been reused by flowering plants to evolve new functions.
Researchers developed a neutralizing agent for CSPGs that inhibit oligodendrocyte migration and differentiation. Protamine was found to inhibit CSPG-mediated inhibition of oligodendrocyte differentiation, enhancing myelination in the developing mouse brain and remyelination in adult mice.
Researchers found that ERK activity propagates as a wave, guiding cells to migrate in the opposite direction. This mechanism may be used to suppress cancer cell infiltration.
Scientists successfully synthesized cyanobacterial photosynthetic pigment PCB in animal cells, enabling convenient use of the PhyB-PIF system for optogenetic control. The development opens up new possibilities for studying intracellular signal transduction and manipulating cellular structures.
Researchers analyzed over 60 years of solar microwave data and found consistent microwave intensities and spectra at the minimums of each cycle, contrasting with varying intensity and spectrum during periods of maximum solar activity. This discovery sheds light on understanding the creation and amplification of solar magnetic fields.
Using ALMA's unparalleled sensitivity and resolution, the team identified eight massive dusty clouds along the center of the galaxy, each with a unique chemical signature. The clouds are thought to be aggregates of dense, warm cocoons around young stars, driving complex chemical reactions and molecule formation.
A team of researchers used the Subaru Telescope to study Messier 77, revealing evidence of a hidden minor merger billions of years ago. The discovery provides crucial evidence for the minor merger origin of active galactic nuclei and sheds light on the mysterious phenomenon.
Researchers from the J-GEM collaboration observed a kilonova explosion, a phenomenon predicted to create heavy elements through rapid neutron capture reactions. The first-ever confirmed kilonova was detected using a network of telescopes worldwide, providing insight into the universe's heavy element production.
A team of researchers has discovered a type Ia supernova that can be explained by the ignition of helium on a white dwarf's surface, marking a significant breakthrough in understanding this phenomenon. The team used Hyper Suprime-Cam mounted on the Subaru Telescope to detect over 100 supernovae candidates in one night.
A team of researchers found that endoreduplication, a process promoting cellular enlargement, occurs randomly and contributes to cell size variation. The study's mathematical model successfully reproduced experimental dynamics, revealing exponential boosting as the mechanism behind cell size determination.
A study found that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor type J (PTPRJ) inhibits leptin signaling, leading to leptin resistance. PTPRJ expression in the hypothalamus is up-regulated by diet-induced obesity, making it a potential target for improving obesity treatment.
A team of astronomers observed distant galaxies 11 billion light-years away and found that active star formation can upswell galaxies, changing their shape. This suggests that galaxies can form new shapes without colliding with other galaxies.
A team of researchers has demonstrated that pure diffusion in a growing tissue is sufficient to explain the formation of a signaling gradient along the leaf proximal-to-distal axis. This finding provides evidence for the viability of the diffusion-based model of morphogen in developmental patterning of multicellular organisms.
Research on Medaka fish reveals dynamic seasonal changes in color perception, with variations in behavior, light response, and gene expression. This phenomenon may not be limited to Medaka and could be widely observed in various animals, including humans.
Two Japanese teams found the Phoenicid meteor shower linked to Comet Blanpain, which disappeared in 1819. The team predicted the shower's return and observed 29 Phoenicids, confirming their link to Comet Blanpain.
A new inorganic adhesive method was developed to overcome the challenges of using organic adhesive in cryogenic adsorption pumps. The method involves combining membranes of metals with good compatibility, creating a strong adhesive force. The new pump achieved seven times larger pumping speed compared to previous models.
The study found that gas-rich galaxies in a cluster are located in the outer part of the cluster. This is the first time such a location differentiation has been observed in a galaxy cluster. The researchers believe that gas loss prevents star formation, leading to a decline in stellar birthrate over time.
Researchers at IMS have shown theoretically and experimentally that high-energy electrons in circular/spiral motion radiate vortex photons across a broad wavelength range. This discovery indicates that vortex photons are ubiquitous in the universe, paving the way for a new research field.
Research identified PTPRZ as a crucial enzyme for glioblastoma's maintenance and tumorigenicity. Pharmacological inhibition of PTPRZ shows promise in treating malignant gliomas.
Researchers at National Institutes of Natural Sciences successfully generated plasma with an ion temperature of 100 million degrees, a key milestone toward achieving burning plasma for fusion. The high-temperature plasma exhibits characteristics suitable for fusion reactor plasmas.
A research group at National Institutes of Natural Sciences has developed a high-speed automatic search method for the migration path of impurity atoms in materials with polycrystalline structures, enabling the investigation of collective migration and its impact on plasma confinement. This method uses molecular dynamics and parallel c...
Researchers successfully improved an ambient-pressure photoelectron spectroscopy instrument using hard X-rays to measure samples under real atmospheric pressure for the first time. This achievement broadens the range of applications for photoelectron spectroscopy, enabling direct examination of reactions between solids and gases.
A marine annelid zooplankton has been found to use its brain photoreceptor cells to detect UV signals. This helps the animal regulate its daily vertical migration behavior, known as DVM, and avoid damaging UV irradiation. The discovery sheds light on the molecular basis of this unique adaptation.
Astronomers using ALMA have detected the rotation of a massive baby star's outflow, shedding light on how rotational momentum is dissipated. The observation confirms the 'magnetocentrifugal disk wind model,' which suggests that gas in the rotating disk moves outward and upward to form outflows.
A team of researchers has directly observed the magnetic field in the upper solar atmosphere for the first time using ultraviolet spectropolarimetry. The study reveals more complex structures in the chromosphere and transition region than expected, with polarization varying on a spatial scale of 10-20 arcseconds.