Researchers have successfully doped organic single crystals with a new ultra-slow deposition technique, achieving high doping efficiency and detecting the Hall effect signal. This achievement marks the dawn of organic single crystal electronics, paving the way for future devices like high-performance solar cells.
Researchers simulated the entire ring system of Chariklo, a small body in the Solar System with rings. The simulation found that the inner ring is unstable without help, suggesting smaller particles or an undiscovered shepherd satellite may be responsible.
Scientists clarify relationship between ion mass and plasma performance improvement. Turbulence suppression through electron-ion collisions leads to increased confinement and particle heat management. Zonal flows play a crucial role in suppressing turbulence, grinding eddies and waves that improve plasma performance.
Researchers found that a transient increase in intracellular calcium ions causes cell deformation and contributes to neural tube formation in African clawed frogs. The pattern of fluctuation in calcium ions is complex, with local and transient rises causing morphological changes.
Researchers used Subaru Telescope to create extensive map of neutral hydrogen gas in ancient proto-supercluster. The study revealed the region is rich in gas, which is a major building block of galaxies. Gas distribution does not align perfectly with galaxies' distribution within the proto-supercluster.
The HSC-SSP survey has released its first public dataset, containing 70 million galaxies and stars. The data reveals the statistical properties of dark matter, building on previous discoveries of nine clumps of dark matter in 2015.
Researchers measured Saturn's ring brightness and temperatures using Subaru Telescope images. The Cassini Division and C ring appeared brighter in mid-infrared due to thermal emission from warmer particles. However, seasonal changes in the ring opening angle caused variations in their apparent brightness.
Astronomers detected a compact molecular cloud with unusual motion near the supernova remnant W44, suggesting the presence of a hidden black hole. The black hole is estimated to be between 3.5 and 36 times more massive than the sun, sparking debate over its origin.
Research uses galaxy distribution and weak lensing to map cosmic web, finding that star-forming galaxies play a more prominent role in the distant universe. The study provides new insights into galaxy evolution and the structure of the cosmos.
A team of astronomers successfully observed the entire hydrogen coma of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko using the LAICA telescope onboard the PROCYON spacecraft. The observations provide a unique opportunity to test coma models and estimate the total amount of water released by the comet per second.
Researchers at National Institutes of Natural Sciences successfully simulated a plasma blob's movement with unprecedented accuracy, calculating 1 billion particles. This breakthrough allows for finely detailed analyses of the plasma's internal structure and temperature distribution, greatly improving prediction accuracy.
Scientists at NIFS successfully measure flow reversal of negative ions, revealing U-turn trajectory and beam extraction point. The study's findings improve performance of negative ion sources, essential for future fusion devices.
Researchers have measured the size of dust particles around a young star for the first time, achieving a precise size measurement through radio-wave polarization. The estimated size of the dust particles is at most 150 micrometers, which is more than 10 times smaller than previously thought.
Scientists successfully measured the orbital period of K2-3d with high precision, enabling precise predictions of future transits. This improved forecast accuracy paves the way for searching for extraterrestrial life in the atmosphere of the planet.
Researchers have developed a novel liquid metal shower divertor system that can withstand extremely high heat loads and efficiently evacuate plasma as neutral gases. The new design features a fine jet stream of liquid metal, which forms a strong wall to block plasma and facilitate effective evacuation.
Researchers developed a hybrid simulation program to investigate plasma oscillation and high-energy particle interaction. The program accurately reproduces experimental data, significantly improving the prediction accuracy of high-energy alpha particle distribution in fusion reactor core plasma.
Astronomers have found an extremely faint dwarf satellite galaxy, Virgo I, located 280,000 light years from the Sun. The discovery suggests hundreds of yet-undetected dwarf satellites in the halo of the Milky Way.
Researchers have created a quantum simulator that can simulate the dynamics of many electrons interacting with each other within one billionths of a second. This ultrafast quantum simulator will serve as a basic tool to investigate the origin of physical properties of matter, including magnetism and superconductivity.
Scientists observe localized plasma deformation, known as a 'tongue', in the LHD, confirming Artsimovich's prediction. The discovery offers insights into maintaining high-temperature and high-density plasmas for fusion research.
The Japanese morning glory genome has been fully decoded, revealing genes that determine flower and leaf shapes, as well as flower colors and patterns. The research also identified a gene involved in plant hormone biosynthesis disrupted by transposons in mutants.
Researchers at NIFS have successfully fabricated a small-scale divertor mock-up using a new direct tough bonding technique between tungsten and copper alloys. The bonding layer exhibits ductile properties, reducing thermal stress and improving reliability.
Researchers discovered that cyanobacteria form compacted DNA structures transiently before cell division, similar to eukaryotes. The compacted DNA includes polyphosphate bodies that may regulate phosphate supply for DNA synthesis.
Researchers identified a characteristic feature of oligodendrocyte myelination, which selectively targets axons from specific brain regions. This discovery may provide insights into neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis and suggest new avenues for understanding higher brain function.
Dense molecular gas disks are supplying gas directly to supermassive black holes at galaxy centers. The growth of supermassive black holes is enhanced by strong turbulence generated by supernova explosions in these disks.
Researchers at Ibaraki University used ALMA to observe the disk around TW Hydrae, finding multiple gaps that match theoretical predictions for planet formation. The team estimates a massive, icy giant planet similar in size to Neptune, with a mass likely more than that of Neptune.
Scientists have successfully transferred massive amounts of data from ITER to Japan, paving the way for remote experiments and 'big data' analyses in fusion energy research. The achievement is made possible by a synergetic effect of collaboration between international partners.
A team of researchers found a way for neutron stars to avoid the 'traffic jam' that limits their brightness, enabling them to become hundreds of times brighter than expected. This discovery challenges current understanding and provides new insights into the nature of these mysterious objects.
Researchers at National Institute for Physiological Sciences have discovered that microglia, immune cells in the brain, directly contact neurons to form new connections and strengthen brain connectivity. This finding could deepen understanding of developmental disorders such as autism and schizophrenia.
Researchers have discovered a new mechanism for generating electric currents that leads to improved plasma confinement, solving a long-standing problem in fusion reactor development. The study found that the difference in trajectories between electrons and ions plays a crucial role in creating this electric current.
Researchers have discovered new spectral lines from highly charged heavy ions in fusion plasmas, which could be useful for plasma application research such as EUV lithography. The study used the LHD facility to create high-temperature plasmas and observe the emission spectrum of extreme ultraviolet wavelengths.
Astronomers have discovered a rare gravitational lensing system dubbed the Eye of Horus, which offers a unique opportunity to probe the fundamental physics of galaxies. The system, consisting of two distinct background galaxies behind a foreground galaxy, provides valuable insights into galaxy interactions and cosmology.
Astronomers have discovered a ring structure of complex organic molecules around a Solar-type protostar, providing direct evidence that interstellar materials are fed into the rotating disk structure. The distribution of these molecules reveals new perspectives on planetary system formation and chemical composition.
Astronomers using ALMA detected a clear signal from oxygen in a galaxy 13.1 billion light-years away, revealing insights into cosmic reionization. The detection of ionized oxygen is crucial for understanding the early Universe and the formation of galaxies.
Astronomers using OISTER telescope consortium in Japan have discovered the origin of 'extraordinary supernovae', which are brighter than normal ones. The 'accretion' scenario supports the discovery, where material ejected from a white dwarf is responsible for the emission.
Researchers found two gaps in the gas disk that overlap with dust gaps, suggesting infant planets carve out the gaps. The team estimates a planet mass 0.8 times Jupiter's at the inner gap, but the outer gap's origin remains unclear.
A study published in The Journal of Clinical Investigation identified a key role for S1 astrocytes in sustaining mechanical allodynia. Researchers found that specific signaling pathways activated in the brain contribute to neuropathic pain, suggesting new therapeutic targets.
Researchers successfully demonstrated pure H- conduction in an oxide for the first time, using oxyhydride solid state cells. The study confirms the capability of oxyhydrides to act as H- solid electrolytes and paves the way for developing electrochemical solid devices based on H- conduction.
The study reveals that TRPV2 is essential for thermogenesis in mouse brown adipose tissue. Without TRPV2, mice exhibit impaired thermogenesis and increased obesity on high-fat diet treatment.
A research team using ALMA detected the faintest millimeter-wave source ever observed and found that they are responsible for 100% of the enigmatic infrared background light. 60% of these objects are faint galaxies, while the rest remain unknown.
A team of researchers discovered 80 young galaxies in the early universe, with at least 54 being spatially resolved. Computer simulations confirmed that many of these galaxies are actually merging pairs, triggering intense star formation activity. This study sheds light on the formation and evolution of compact galaxies.
Astronomers have observed dramatic moments in star and planet formation using the Subaru 8-meter Telescope. The team discovered four young stars experiencing FU Ori outbursts, characterized by chaotic environments and unusual structures around them.
A team of scientists identified a fast radio burst and pinpointed its location, confirming the current cosmological model of the universe's distribution of matter. The discovery measured the density of material between the FRB source and Earth, allowing for a more accurate understanding of the universe's composition.
Astronomers studied the ionized gas outflow from NGC 6240, a starburst galaxy driven by intense star-forming activity. They found complex structures in the H-alpha nebula, including large 'broken bubbles' and evidence of past superwinds.
Research found that angiotensin II-induced hypertension increases with age due to heterodimerization of AT1R with P2Y6R. This altered signaling pathway converts cell proliferation to hypertrophy in vascular smooth muscle cells.
A team of astronomers has detected a gas cloud with a wide velocity dispersion, suggesting the presence of an intermediate mass black hole. The cloud's elliptical shape and composition indicate a compact but low-density component and a dense component extending 10 light years.
Scientists have discovered a new phenomenon where fluctuations in high-temperature plasma grow abruptly, accompanied by large oscillation amplitude. The research provides insight into the mechanism of this phenomenon, known as subcritical instability, and its potential impact on nuclear fusion.
Researchers have found that temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) in American alligators is linked to the thermosensor protein TRPV4. The study shows that warm temperatures activate cell signaling, influencing gene expression and leading to partial feminization at male-producing temperatures.
Researchers at NIPS found that mutual gaze synchronizes spontaneous brain activity in interacting parties, indicating its importance in social interactions. The study used functional magnetic resonance imaging to monitor brain activity during sustained eye contact.
Researchers detected radio absorption by gas clouds in front of bright radio sources, revealing the composition and conditions of diffuse gas in the Milky Way galaxy. The discovery of three new absorption systems and confirmation of one previously known system provides insight into tenuous gas clouds and their role in the universe.
Astronomers discovered nine monstrous baby galaxies 11.5 billion light-years away, pinpointed by ALMA's high resolution. These young galaxies reside at the intersection of massive filaments in dark matter, supporting a model for their formation.