Researchers found that treating cystic fibrosis patients with interferon gamma (IFN-γ) enhanced autophagy and cleared the lethal bacterial infection Burkholderia cenocepacia. This breakthrough offers new hope for patients with CF who are resistant to traditional antibiotics.
Women with diabetes before or during pregnancy are less likely to initiate and continue breastfeeding their newborns. Breastfeeding can help reduce the risk of adverse outcomes such as obesity and type 2 diabetes in children born to women with diabetes.
A recent study found that 1.5 million US high school basketball players were treated for injuries, with 42% of teams not having an athletic trainer on site. The study calls for increased access to on-site trainers to properly assess and treat injuries.
A pilot study found that children with uncomplicated acute appendicitis improved significantly with antibiotic treatment, with 93% showing improvement within 24 hours. The research suggests that antibiotics may be a successful alternative to surgery for this condition.
A new study suggests that infants who experience near-death events (ALTEs) have abnormal regulation of esophageal and airway function. The research found that these infants are more likely to have pauses in breathing, gasping breaths, and difficulty coordinating swallowing and respiratory interactions.
A new study by Nationwide Children's Hospital researchers has identified a potential culprit in the death of motor neurons in Lou Gehrig's disease. Inhibiting nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-ƘB) in microglia slowed disease progression by 47 percent, suggesting a new target for ALS treatment.
Researchers developed a reliable 3-D MRI imaging technique to study premature brain development. This allows for early identification of delayed tracts and potential treatments, enabling proactive therapies within weeks of birth.
A new study found that an estimated 530,494 children were injured in US emergency departments from 1990 to 2011 due to shopping cart-related incidents. The majority of injuries were head trauma cases, with a significant increase in concussions and closed-head injuries over the study period.
A PDL-1 antibody could help the immune system fight off influenza viral infection by blocking its impact on T cells, which are crucial for a effective response. The study found that treating mice with an antibody against PD-1 significantly improved their ability to clear the virus.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital found nearly all high chair-related injuries involve a fall, with 93% of cases reporting a child climbing or standing in the chair. The annual number of injured children increased by almost 90%, with closed head injuries and facial injuries being most common.
A recent study published in PLOS Pathogens has shed light on why some ear and respiratory infections become chronic. Researchers discovered that the bacterium nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae uses its host's immune response to its advantage, allowing it to evade detection and thrive.
Researchers identified a genetic signature for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), which causes severe pneumonia and bronchiolitis in infants. The discovery will help develop a vaccine and improve disease severity prediction using RNA profiles.
Researchers found that only 66% of participants experienced complications after undergoing bariatric surgery, with most being minor and temporary. The study's findings provide encouragement to adolescents and their families considering weight loss surgery as a treatment option for severe obesity-related health issues.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital have found a way to overcome the immune system's attack on gene therapy viruses. By using plasmapheresis, a process that temporarily removes antibodies from the body, they were able to increase gene expression in animals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy by 500 percent.
A new study suggests that pregnant women with hepatitis C can pass a more replicative viral strain to their newborns, which increases the risk of persistent infection. This occurs due to immune changes during pregnancy, which impair CD8+ T-cell function and allow the virus to thrive.
A study found that over three-fourths of breast milk samples purchased online contained bacteria that can cause illness, with high levels of contamination linked to poor shipping practices. Milk banks, which provide pasteurized milk from carefully screened donors, are a safer alternative for sick babies.
A study of nearly 2500 US children under age 5 found high omega-6 to omega-3 PUFA ratio and low DHA intake, which could impact childhood development and disease risk. Fish was a rich source of PUFAs in their diets.
A new therapy has shown promising results in slowing the onset and progression of Lou Gehrig's disease, increasing survival rates by up to 39% in animal models. The treatment targets the SOD1 gene, which is mutated in some cases of familial ALS, and was administered via non-invasive delivery.
Researchers tracked changes in gene expression to predict kidney damage severity in children with urinary tract obstruction. The study identified specific genes associated with the degree of obstruction, which could help identify children at risk of chronic kidney disease and permanent organ damage.
Researchers suggest that anti-PD-1 antibodies could be effective in treating hepatitis C and other persistent viral infections. The study found that animal models with HCV infection showed improved immune function after treatment with PD-1 blocking antibodies.
A multidisciplinary team led by Irina Buhimschi at Nationwide Children's Hospital has been awarded a Grand Challenge grant for their low-cost, paper-based urine test to diagnose preeclampsia. The test enables early diagnosis of the condition in resource-limited areas, reducing morbidity and mortality related to preeclampsia.
Recent studies suggest that HB-EGF can protect the intestines from various types of injury, including those caused by radiation therapy. The protein's ability to decrease harmful substance production and promote cell growth makes it a promising therapeutic option for treating necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns.
Researchers have successfully combined two promising gene therapies to repair muscle damage caused by Duchenne muscular dystrophy and prevent future injury. The treatment, which uses a combination of micro-dystrophin and follistatin, showed significant increases in muscle strength and reduced muscle damage in aged mice.
A clinical trial of eteplirsen, an exon-skipping drug, shows promising results in improving walking performance for DMD patients by increasing dystrophin production and muscle growth. The study demonstrated a 52% increase in dystrophin-positive muscle fibers and significant improvements on the six-minute walk test.
A new statistical model designed for children can accurately discriminate performance among hospitals and adjust for patient risk factors. The program has been tested with data from 46,281 patients under 18 at 43 institutions in 2011 and shows promise for improving surgical outcomes.
A team of Nationwide Children's Hospital researchers identified a genetic mutation in the FOXP1 gene that contributes to congenital heart disease. The study found that a rare mutation in FOXP1 affects Nkx2.5 transcription factor expression, which is implicated in congenital heart disease.
A study found that more than half of parents misunderstood key concepts of genetic biobanking consent, highlighting the need for clearer explanations and inclusive consent models. Researchers are exploring alternative methods of consent delivery to improve understanding and empower families as partners in genetic research.
A new study found that over 12,000 US children are treated each year for nonfatal food-related choking, with hard candy being the leading cause. The study also showed that more than half of choking episodes involve high-risk foods like hot dogs, seeds, and nuts.
A study published in PNAS found that dampening a feedback loop between a DNA repair checkpoint and its controlling pathways may promote tumor growth in pediatric solid tumors. This discovery provides new insights into the cause of childhood cancers and offers a potential target for future therapies.
Researchers will study pediatric sarcomas, a rare and aggressive form of cancer affecting 11% of all childhood cancers, with the goal of developing new therapies. The project aims to improve outcomes for children with advanced or metastatic disease, who have limited success with current treatments.
A multidisciplinary approach combining preventive measures and regular monitoring significantly reduced ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) infections in pediatric intensive care patients. The initiative, implemented at Nationwide Children's Hospital, resulted in a 53% drop in VAT cases compared to pre-intervention rates.
Researchers developed a new method to measure cerebral blood flow in children on ECMO, finding that those who experienced strokes or brain bleeds had significantly higher blood flow rates than normal, two to six days prior. This technique could help physicians predict and prevent complications, with potential lead time for intervention.
Researchers identified a unique subset of helper T cells that stimulates protective antibody responses following seasonal influenza vaccinations. The study found that these T cells boost production of existing antibodies by stimulating memory B cells, but do not help produce new antibodies by naïve B cells.
Researchers have found that blocking the immune response can enhance viral therapy against solid tumors, leading to a 90% cure rate in mouse models. The study suggests combining oncolytic viruses with anti-VEGF therapies could be an effective treatment strategy for certain types of cancer.
A study found a significant increase in dance-related injuries among children and adolescents from 1991 to 2007. The annual number of dance-related injuries climbed 37 percent, with sprains and/or strains accounting for 52 percent of all injuries. Falls were the most common cause of injuries, affecting 45 percent of dancers.
A recent study found that water tubing-related injuries increased by 250% over a 19-year period, with 65+ injuries treated in U.S. emergency departments daily during summer. The most common types of injuries were sprains and strains, followed by soft tissue injuries.
A study published in Journal of Pediatric Surgery found that bariatric surgery in extremely obese adolescents can reverse previously undiagnosed cardiovascular abnormalities. The research revealed significant improvement in cardiac structure and function after weight loss surgery.
A multicenter study reveals critically ill children with influenza exhibit lower TNFα production capacity compared to healthy control subjects. This degree of reduction in capacity was highly predictive of death from the illness.
Two studies examine pediatric traumatic brain injuries in China, finding that falls, strikes, and traffic collisions are the leading external causes. Suspected child abuse accounts for approximately six percent of TBIs among children under two years old, a significant finding with implications for global injury research.
Infants with severe RSV disease may have a dysfunctional innate immune response that relates to the severity of their disease. Immune monitoring could help identify children at high-risk for severe disease, and may lead to the use of immune stimulant drugs to reverse innate immune suppression.
A study by Nationwide Children's Hospital identified alpha arrestins as crucial regulators of G-protein coupled receptor signaling. Targeting these proteins could lead to more effective and side-effect-free drugs, potentially revolutionizing the pharmaceutical industry.
A new study reveals a 15-fold increase in inflatable bouncer-related injuries among children, with over 30 cases per day treated in US emergency departments. The research highlights the need for national safety guidelines to prevent these serious risks.
A new study from Nationwide Children's Hospital found that adenotonsillectomy is effective in most children with Prader-Willi syndrome who have mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea, but may not be curative for those with severe forms. The procedure helped normalize sleep patterns in 89% of patients.
Developed at Nationwide Children's Hospital, the Small Baby Guidelines have shown significant improvement in the lives of extremely premature infants. By standardizing care and ensuring every baby receives the same treatment, survival rates have increased and hospital stays have decreased.
Researchers found that eliminating bacteria's DNA and boosting human beta-defensin-3 can kill NTHI bacteria, a major cause of middle ear infections. The study suggests a new treatment approach to target biofilms formed by the bacteria.
A new intervention, Suicidal Teens Accessing Treatment after an ED Visit (STAT-ED), will be tested on 160 adolescents at risk of suicide. The study aims to reduce suicidal ideation and depression symptoms, while improving mental health treatment and follow-up care.
A 5-year, multi-site study will investigate treatment effects on functional, psychosocial, and disability outcomes after traumatic brain injury in children aged 8-18. The study aims to provide evidence-based recommendations for parents of children with TBI.
Investigators found that low oxygen levels increase SMN2 exon 7 skipping, reducing survival motor neuron protein levels. Higher oxygen treatment improved motor function and reduced disease severity in a mouse model of severe SMA.
A new study finds that US workers with disabilities experience both nonoccupational and occupational injuries at a significantly higher rate than those without disabilities. The study highlights the need for improved workplace safety programs and accommodations to prevent injuries among workers with disabilities.
A recent study suggests that CD4+ T helper cells play a crucial role in controlling hepatitis A virus infection by suppressing virus growth without causing liver damage. This finding may explain why some patients relapse after clearing the infection.