A team of researchers used micro-CT imaging to study the composition and age of 22 ancient ivory manikins, found in the Duke University collection. The study revealed that most of the manikins were composed of true elephant ivory, while some contained alternative materials such as antler or whale bone.
A new study found that biennial mammography screening resulted in smaller and less advanced breast cancer tumors compared to annual screenings. The study also discovered that women receiving biennial screenings tended to have more aggressive treatment options, such as chemotherapy and axillary lymph node dissection.
A new study presents a minimally invasive procedure using focused ultrasound to reduce tremors and improve quality of life in patients with Parkinson's disease. The treatment, known as MRgFUS thalamotomy, shows substantial improvement in 95% of patients, with significant reductions in tremor severity and quality of life.
A new study using fMRI found significant differences in brain connectivity between infants exposed to opioids prenatally and those not exposed. The research suggests that prenatal opioid exposure may have lasting consequences on brain development and behavior.
Researchers found brain damage in obese adolescents related to inflammation, particularly in regions controlling appetite and emotions. The study used MRI to track white matter damage and correlated it with inflammatory markers such as leptin and insulin.
A deep convolutional neural network-based software improved radiologist detection of malignant lung nodules by 70.3%, reducing false positives to 0.18 per X-ray. The study suggests machine learning methods can help overcome challenges in detecting lung lesions on chest X-rays.
Researchers suggest corticosteroid injections for hip and knee osteoarthritis may be more dangerous than thought, potentially leading to rapid progressive osteoarthritis, joint collapse, and subchondral insufficiency fractures. Patients should be informed of these risks before receiving injections.
The multi-society statement focuses on three areas: data, algorithms, and practice. It emphasizes the importance of ethical use of AI in radiology, ensuring benefits and harms are distributed fairly among stakeholders. Radiologists will need to acquire new skills to work effectively with AI tools.
A landmark study found that selective mammography screening can detect male breast cancer in high-risk men at an early stage, improving survival prognosis. The cancers detected were often benign, but the study's results support targeted screening for men with elevated risk.
A large study of almost 200,000 patients found that premedicating with antihistamines and switching contrast media can reduce recurrent allergic reactions. Genetic predisposition may also play a role in reaction to CT contrast agents, according to the researchers.
A new study found that left-ventricular hypertrophy is a stronger predictor of heart failure than coronary artery calcium score. The study analyzed data from 6,814 men and women with no known heart disease and found that LV hypertrophy increased the risk of CHD events by 4.3 times.
A recent study found that vaping impairs vascular function, reducing blood flow and increasing arterial stiffness in healthy adults. The study used MRI scans to measure the effects of e-cigarette inhalation on the body's vascular system.
A small number of pregnant women are exposed to gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) before recognition of pregnancy, according to a recent study. The researchers suggest implementing pregnancy screening measures and safety protocols to reduce inadvertent exposures.
A study published in Radiology found that ADHD medication methylphenidate affects the development of brain white matter in children, but not adults. The medication was associated with increased white matter fractional anisotropy in boys with ADHD, a measure thought to reflect nerve fiber density and myelination.
A study found that smoking impairs the effectiveness of embolization treatment for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) in patients with HHT. Smokers experienced a higher rate of PAVM persistence after treatment compared to non-smokers, with those who smoked more than 20 pack-years facing a fivefold increased risk.
A new machine learning approach using coronary CT scans shows better results than existing models in predicting heart attacks and cardiac events. The study found that the AI-based method can identify patients at higher risk more accurately, leading to improved treatment outcomes.
A large study published in Radiology found that breast MRI screening for breast cancer survivors leads to higher cancer detection rates, but also results in more unnecessary biopsies. The study analyzed data from over 13,000 women and found no significant differences in sensitivity between breast MRI and mammography.
A new AI-based method predicts an individual woman's likelihood of being diagnosed with breast cancer using deep learning and full-resolution mammograms. The model outperforms traditional methods in risk discrimination across different races, ages, and family histories.
Researchers found associations between body fat percentage and brain volume, with smaller gray matter volumes observed in men and women. The study suggests that obesity may contribute to negative health consequences such as dementia and cognitive decline.
A workshop published a roadmap for AI in medical imaging, highlighting key research themes and prioritizing foundational machine learning research. The report emphasizes the need for collaboration among professionals, funding agencies, and institutions to develop innovative imaging technologies.
A study using 7-Tesla MRI detected cortical lesions in 80% of MS patients, which were strongly correlated with neurological disability and disease progression. Cortical lesions accumulated in grooves on the brain's surface called sulci, suggesting a new approach to evaluating MS progression.
A new study found that 3D mammography improves breast cancer detection in older women, with lower false-positive rates and higher positive predictive values. The results suggest that guidelines for screening in this age group should be based on individual preferences and health status.
A new study published in Radiology found that bariatric embolization produces significant weight loss and reduces appetite for up to one year. The procedure involves blocking arteries with beads to suppress hunger-stimulating hormones. Researchers saw encouraging signs of metabolic changes, including improved quality of life.
A new study found that digital mammography is associated with a lower likelihood of high-density breast tissue compared to digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) or synthetic mammography. This could have implications for personalized screening and recommendations for supplemental screening.
A new study published in Radiology found that digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) significantly reduces the number of women who undergo breast biopsy for non-cancerous lesions. DBT detected 142 cancers with a biopsy rate of 69%, while reducing false positive biopsies by 52%.
A new study found that non-contrast MRI is just as effective as contrast-enhanced MRI for monitoring disease progression in MS patients. The study used image subtraction techniques to detect newly occurring lesions with high sensitivity.
A new MRI method measures iron content to monitor recovery from stroke-related damage and track neurodegeneration in the substantia nigra. Higher iron levels are associated with worse long-term outcomes and potential therapies may slow or stop degeneration.
A new imaging technique called volumetric multi-spectral optoacoustic tomography (vMSOT) offers advantages over conventional methods for assessing cardiovascular disease risk. vMSOT provides detailed information about the makeup of plaque in carotid arteries, associated with vulnerability to rupture and stroke.
A study published in Radiology found that radiologists can identify patterns of injury indicative of intimate partner violence. The research suggests that medical images can offer early clues of this type of violence, particularly among women and those with certain socioeconomic factors.
A new AI system can interpret and prioritize abnormal chest X-rays with critical findings, reducing the backlog of exams and bringing urgently needed care to patients more quickly. The system distinguishes abnormal from normal chest X-rays with high accuracy and can perform this task significantly faster than human radiologists.
A new study published in Radiology suggests that personalized treatment plans can significantly extend the life expectancy of early-stage kidney cancer patients with risk factors for worsening kidney disease. The study used computer-based simulations to assess the impact of different treatment approaches and found that personalized str...
A new study published in Radiology found that MRI effective for monitoring liver fat levels in obese patients undergoing weight loss treatments. The study assessed liver fat before and after bariatric surgery using quantitative chemical shift-encoded MRI, showing a significant decrease in liver fat content after six to ten months.
A recent study published in the journal Radiology found that digital mammography significantly increased breast cancer detection by 14 percent compared to screen film mammography. The technology improved detection of early-stage cancers, including ductal carcinoma in situ, without increasing recall rates.
A new study found that combining mammography with a novel imaging technique called three-compartment breast (3CB) imaging can significantly reduce unnecessary breast biopsies. The technique uses AI algorithms to analyze tissue composition, improving the ability to predict cancer and reducing recalls by up to 36%.
A new study found that repetitive subconcussive head impacts in youth football can alter the corpus callosum, a critical band of nerve fibers connecting the two halves of the brain. This change may lead to greater risk of cognitive and motor problems in these young athletes.
A new study presents findings on the impact of snoring and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on cardiac function in women, suggesting that OSA may be underdiagnosed. Researchers analyzed data from over 4,000 participants to find increased left ventricular mass in both genders with OSA or snoring, highlighting earlier impairment in women.
A large-scale study found that annual mammography screening starting at age 30 may benefit women with specific risk factors. Women with dense breasts, a personal history of breast cancer, or a family history of breast cancer had increased breast cancer risk and benefited from earlier screening.
A new study using functional MRI found that men with online gaming addiction have altered brain activity compared to healthy controls, particularly in the superior frontal gyrus. In contrast, women with IGD did not exhibit these changes. The study suggests a potential link between gender-specific brain function and online gaming disorder.
Researchers have reported promising preliminary results for cryoablation as a treatment for low-risk breast cancers, with a 99.4% success rate and no serious adverse events. The procedure is being studied as an alternative to surgical lumpectomy.
A study found that pulsed radiofrequency (pRF) is an effective treatment option for patients with acute lower back pain from lumbar disk herniation. pRF was superior to steroid injections in reducing inflammation and symptoms, resulting in faster pain relief and improved quality of life.
Researchers from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev developed a system to monitor outgoing commands from CT equipment, detecting anomalies and alerting operators before execution. A second study looked at the potential to tamper with mammogram results using AI-powered image manipulation.
A new study suggests that playing a season of contact sports like youth football can affect normal gray matter pruning in the brain. Researchers found significant increases in power and gray matter volume in the frontal default mode network in high-impact players.
Researchers used AI to analyze imaging data from patients who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI exams and found that low-dose images yielded significant information, suggesting a potential method to reduce gadolinium dose. The study's findings demonstrate the algorithm's ability to approximate full-dose images without contrast agent use.
A new study found that left gastric artery embolization, a weight loss procedure, not only reduces body fat but also leads to significant muscle mass loss. The researchers emphasized the need for proper nutritional counseling after the procedure to mitigate this risk.
A new study confirms that women aged 75 and older should continue receiving mammography screenings due to the significant risk of breast cancer in this age group. The research found a considerable incidence of breast cancer among women over 75, with most cases being invasive and treatable.
Researchers used MRI brain scans to predict Alzheimer's disease, achieving 89% accuracy in identifying patients at risk. The study found that diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) identified quantifiable differences in the brains of those who developed the disease.
Researchers found a link between shoulder muscle brightness on ultrasound and type 2 diabetes, with low glycogen levels suspected as the cause. The study's findings suggest that radiologists can use ultrasound images to predict diabetic status in nearly nine out of ten patients.
A new study published in Radiology uses deep learning to predict Alzheimer's disease from brain imaging, achieving 100% sensitivity in detecting the disease an average of more than six years prior to final diagnosis. The algorithm has the potential to complement existing tests and provide opportunities for early intervention.
A new AI algorithm measures breast density at a high level of accuracy, comparable to experienced mammographers. The system has been successfully implemented in routine clinical practice and has the potential to standardize and automate breast density assessment.
A new study using carotid artery MRI shows that measurements of wall thickness can improve cardiovascular disease risk assessment. The technique offers a more accurate predictor of cardiovascular events than ultrasound-based intima-media thickness (IMT) tests, especially for stroke risk.