A team of scientists has developed a protocol using magnesium nanoparticles and bulk to convert CO2 into methane, methanol, and hydrogen. The reaction occurs at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, producing significant amounts of fuel and chemicals with minimal energy input.
A team of astronomers has used the upgraded GMRT to measure atomic hydrogen content in galaxies as they were 8 billion years ago. The study reveals that the exhaustion of atomic hydrogen gas explains the decline in star formation activity over time.
Astrophysicists identify distinctive signatures of stellar-mass black holes in archival X-ray data, separating them from neutron stars. This is the strongest steady signature of stellar-mass black holes to date.
A team of Indian and Japanese physicists have overturned the six-decade old notion that giant magnetic fields in plasma evolve from small scales. Instead, they originate at macroscopic scales defined by the boundaries of electron beams, leading to a new understanding of magnetic fields in astrophysical scenarios and laser fusion.
Researchers have inferred a tiny neutron star deformation, equivalent to a few micrometres, at a distance of 4500 light-years using the spin-down rate of a millisecond pulsar. This is the first direct detection of continuous gravitational waves from a deformed neutron star.
Scientists at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research developed nano-sponges of solid acid that convert carbon dioxide into fuel and plastic waste into chemicals. The material exhibits strong acidity and high surface area, making it a promising catalyst for sustainable processes.
A team of scientists at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research has detected tiny flashes of radio light from all over the Sun, identified as evidence for small magnetic explosions. These discoveries could explain the long-standing coronal heating problem, with preliminary estimates suggesting that these tiny explosions collectively hav...
Researchers at TIFR create metal-free catalyst that converts CO2 to methane with excellent productivity and selectivity. The catalyst is recyclable and shows significant increase in production rate after regeneration cycles.
Research reveals glucose acts as a molecular switch regulating SIRT1's function, impacting gene expression and metabolic flexibility. Glucose modification affects organismal health, with both over-activation and under-activation linked to diseases.
Astronomers using the GMRT have discovered a massive ring of hydrogen gas surrounding a galaxy, with a diameter of 380,000 light-years. The origin and formation mechanism of such rings remain unknown, despite previous thought that they are associated with galaxy-galaxy collisions.
Researchers at TIFR use first-principles calculation to predict the existence of exotic nuclei made of six heavy quarks. The predicted nuclei are stable against strong and electromagnetic decays but can decay through weak interactions, increasing their stability with mass.
Researchers at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research have developed black (nano)gold that can catalyze CO2 conversion to methane at atmospheric pressure and temperature, utilizing solar energy. The material exhibits significant effects on purification of seawater, protein unfolding, and chemical reactions.
Serotonin enhances mitochondrial biogenesis, cellular respiration, and ATP production, reducing reactive oxygen species and stress damage in neurons. The study identifies serotonin as a potential therapeutic target for treating mitochondrial dysfunction in neurons, with implications for neurodegenerative and psychiatric disorders.
The GRAPES-3 muon telescope has discovered a record 1.3 gigavolt potential in a thundercloud, exceeding the previous record by 10 times. This massive voltage is essential for producing high-energy gamma rays in Terrestrial Gamma Ray Flashes.
Researchers at TIFR have identified molecular mechanisms that allow the liver to adapt to nutrient intake after fasting. These 'fed-microRNAs' inhibit protein synthesis, maintaining blood glucose levels. The study's findings offer potential therapeutic targets for metabolic diseases.
Scientists at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and Rutherford Appleton Laboratory discovered that electrons traveling faster than light in glass live much longer than expected, lasting over 2000 times longer than the exciting laser pulse.
DFNS has been used in various applications including photocatalysis, solar cells, energy storage, CO2 capture, biomedical applications and environmental remediation. Its unique fibrous morphology provides enhanced accessibility to active sites and improved light harvesting properties.
Researchers at TIFR devise compact terahertz radiation source using laboratory liquids, achieving energies thousands of times larger than existing sources. The discovery opens doors to applications in terahertz imaging, material analysis, and explosives detection.
Researchers have demonstrated that incoherent electrons can induce coherence in molecular systems through attachment, leading to the ejection of ions in a preferred direction. This breakthrough has significant implications for controlling chemical reactions using photons and understanding the dynamics of excited molecular negative ions.
Astronomers have detected the closest ever binary supermassive black hole system in galaxy NGC 7674, featuring two massive black holes with a combined mass of 40 million solar masses. The discovery is significant as it confirms theoretical predictions and provides insight into gravitational wave sources.
Physicists used lattice QCD and computational resources to predict quantum numbers of omega-c-zero baryons, which were later discovered by an experiment at the Large Hadron Collider. This work helps understand the nature of strong interactions, a crucial aspect of the Universe's behavior.
A team of scientists recreated turbulent magnetic field dynamics in a lab setting, mirroring the evolution of stars and plasma behavior. The study's findings have an uncanny resemblance to satellite data on the solar wind and magnetosheath.
Researchers propose a theory that predicts dark matter annihilation rates vary by galaxy size and time. This study suggests dark matter could consist of multiple particles interacting through a yet-undiscovered low-mass particle.
Researchers modeled prehistoric human migration using a diffusion equation, accounting for geological data and habitability factors. They found that groups merged in well-localized regions within the subcontinent, with genetic data agreeing with their predictions.
A team of scientists has found a way to distinguish a naked singularity from a black hole using the precession frequency of a gyroscope orbiting around it. The frequency increases as matter approaches a rotating black hole, but decreases or becomes zero for a naked singularity.
Researchers at TIFR have identified a specific region within SIRT1 that determines its interaction with other cellular regulators, enabling it to choose which factors to interact with. This discovery provides new insights into the longevity factor's functional diversity and may lead to targeted therapies against age-related diseases.
Researchers discover that a small GTP-hydrolysis enzyme called Rab4 is essential for the assembly of synapses and corresponding brain functions. Reduced supply of Rab4 increases synapse formation in fruit fly neurons, which may have implications for treating Alzheimer's Disease.
Researchers discovered a new type of magnet in three layers of graphene, allowing for the observation of electronic interactions. By reducing imperfections, they enabled the development of coordinated electronic interactions, which is essential for creating electronic devices using graphene.
A study by Professors Bhattacharyya and Chakrabarty suggests that a population of neutron stars may emit gravitational waves continuously, which could slow down their spin rates. This finding has strong implications for the study of these dense objects in the universe.
A group of TIFR scientists have discovered superconductivity in pure Bismuth crystal at an extremely low temperature of 0.00053 K. The discovery cannot be explained by standard models of superconductivity, highlighting the need for a new theory.
The GRAPES-3 muon telescope detected a burst of galactic cosmic rays that temporarily cracked Earth's magnetic shield, allowing lower energy particles to enter the atmosphere. The event triggered severe geomagnetic storms and radio signal blackouts in high-latitude countries.
Researchers observed a significant increase in photocatalysis rates after recycling catalysts, with rates up to 1.7 times higher in the second cycle and 3.1 times higher in the third cycle.
Researchers created a nanoscale drum using graphene to manipulate vibrations with high tunability and controllable coupling between modes. This enabled the creation of new notes and amplification of vibrations, opening doors to probing fundamental physics and improving sensor sensitivity.
High-intensity femtosecond laser pulses can cause DNA breaks and damage, with OH radicals being more likely to produce double strand breaks. The extent of damage can be controlled by varying the focal length of the focusing lens.
Researchers at TIFR Mumbai have designed functionalized nanomaterials that offer superior CO2 capture capacity and stability compared to conventional materials. The new sorbents feature high amine loading with minimal decrease in surface area, making them suitable for efficient CO2 capture.
Researchers use diffusion equation and geographical data to simulate prehistoric human migration into England, Scotland, and Wales. The method accurately predicts points of contact between migratory paths, providing insights into early human dynamics.
Researchers accurately measured the rotational rate of an 18 billion solar mass supermassive black hole, one-third of the maximum spin rate allowed in General Relativity. The binary black hole model reveals a smaller companion orbiting around it, affecting accretion disk behavior.
The SuperKEKB electron-positron collider has achieved 'First Turns,' a major milestone for the new accelerator. The machine is designed to produce high-intensity particle beams, enabling the Belle-II experiment to probe fundamental theories beyond the Standard Model.
Researchers at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research found that cholesterol-rich domains on phagosome membranes facilitate the transport of pathogens to lysosomes for degradation. This process is disrupted by certain parasites, potentially allowing them to survive and spread infection.
The LAXPC instrument has observed various astrophysical objects, including Black hole X-ray binaries, Microquasars, and Supernova remnants. Its large detection volume and efficient xenon gas filling result in high detection efficiency above 30 keV.
Research by Urvashi Bhattacharyya and Upinder Bhalla found that rats used a 'run-and-scan' approach to locate targets, scanning across options before selecting the correct one. This strategy outperformed 'tracking' in familiar environments with known paths to food.
Researchers used electron microscopy to study the dynamic process of myoblast fusion with muscle cells, revealing a series of distinct stages that require communication between transmembrane elements and actin cytoskeleton. The study provides insights into understanding muscle development and repair processes in vertebrates.
Researchers have discovered a dying giant radio galaxy 9 billion light years away, offering insights into the properties of magnetic fields in the distant universe. The galaxy's radio lobes are fading due to energy loss through radio wave emission and inverse Compton scattering.
Scientists investigate butterfly mimetic communities in the Western Ghats of India and find that females are generally better mimics than males. The study's results challenge expectations and raise new questions about the evolution of mimicry and selective forces influencing butterfly wing patterns.
The Soft X-ray focusing Telescope (SXT) onboard Astrosat successfully saw its first light on Oct. 26, 2015, after the camera door was opened at 06:30UT. The telescope's mirrors were aligned perfectly to image a single point, and data quality is excellent.
Researchers have identified a five amino acid segment of Plasmodium parasite protein with protective antigenic properties, which can be used to develop antibodies and prevent malaria transmission through mosquitoes. The finding has the potential to lead to the development of a powerful malaria vaccine.
Scientists at NCBS identify new roles for calcium refill mechanisms in regulating dopamine levels in the brain. Inhibiting these mechanisms disrupts dopamine synthesis and transport, affecting gene expression.
Researchers at NCBS discovered that Purkinje cells have two modes of electrical signaling based on voltage: a constant 'up' state and a burst-like 'down' state. This allows the cells to choose whether to respond to instructions or not, and the study suggests that this mechanism may play a role in motor learning.
Astrosat observes cosmic objects in visible light, ultraviolet waveband, and X-ray wavebands from very low to high energy. The satellite addresses fundamental scientific problems like testing Einstein's general theory of relativity and studying superdense cold matter.
Researchers have identified a key feature of the Alzheimer's disease-causing Amyloid beta molecule using laser light and fat-coated silver nanoparticles. The study suggests that designing a drug molecule to attack this specific shape could lead to a breakthrough in Alzheimer's treatment.