This eight-year analysis showed that tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) maintained viral suppression, normalized alanine aminotransferase levels, and improved renal and bone safety in patients with CHB. The study's findings support the use of TAF as the preferred long-term treatment option for this population.
A cross-sectional study found intestinal Candida albicans abundance correlates with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. Cirrhosis patients showed higher Candida albicans levels and more severe atherosclerosis.
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) exhibits dual effects in glioblastoma management, enhancing radiosensitivity and chemotherapy efficacy while promoting tumor progression. HBOT normalizes the tumor microenvironment via vessel normalization and immune cell modulation, attenuating cancer stem cell properties.
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects approximately 32% of the US adult population. Obesity was identified as the strongest independent MRF among Asians, Whites, and Hispanics, particularly in individuals younger than 50 years, whereas hypertension was the strongest independent MRF in Blacks.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors can cause immune-related hepatotoxicity, which is associated with female sex, younger age, Asian ethnicity, chronic liver disease, specific cancers, dual ICI therapy, and concurrent hepatotoxic drugs. Promising biomarkers include blood cell counts, CRP, autoantibodies, cytokines, SNPs, HLA types, and gut mi...
This review evaluates point-of-care (POC) biosensing strategies for ultra-early mTBI triage, focusing on platforms, matrix effects, and benchmarking aligned with CT-based decision-making. Key findings include the critical vulnerability of hemolysis elevating UCH-L1, and the importance of anchor development to the ED CT-triage use case.
Recent studies have explored tumor vaccine platforms, including peptide, dendritic cell, and nucleic acid-based vaccines. Personalized neoantigen vaccines are refining precision in HCC treatment, but challenges persist due to immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments and heterogeneity.
SGLT2 inhibitors reduce proximal tubular sodium reabsorption by suppressing NHE3 via the SGLT2-MAP17-NHE3 microdomain. This effect is context-dependent, with distal compensation (NCC upregulation) possible. Clinical evidence shows reduced ascites, fewer paracenteses, and improved natriuresis.
Researchers found that Cathepsin K (CTSK) reduces liver fibrosis by blocking the TGF-β/Smad pathway, which activates hepatic stellate cells. CTSK also induces apoptosis in these cells, contributing to anti-fibrotic effects.
Guideline recommendations for immune checkpoint inhibitor-induced liver injury (ICILI) vary, with corticosteroids and biopsy indications differing among organizations. Rechallenge after ICILI is feasible in selected patients, with low recurrence rates, but standardized algorithms are needed.
A study of 371 patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) found that extrahepatic autoimmune diseases (EADs) are common, particularly Sjogren's syndrome and autoimmune thyroid disease. Patients with EADs had a poorer early treatment response but achieved comparable outcomes after six months.
Pediatric low-grade gliomas require distinct treatment strategies, with a focus on molecular diagnosis and age-appropriate treatment. The new Chinese guidelines cover imaging, pathology, surgery, radiotherapy, and systemic therapy, aiming to maximize tumor control while protecting neurodevelopment.
A retrospective study evaluates morphological irregularity parameters in Gamma Knife treatment planning for vestibular schwannoma patients. The analysis revealed strong correlations between these parameters and treatment plan outcomes, suggesting potential improvements in planning strategies.
A new combined surgical strategy outperforms conventional methods in treating spontaneous supratentorial intracerebral hemorrhage by enabling rapid ICP reduction and efficient hematoma clearance. This approach showed improved outcomes in selected patients, but further studies are needed to validate its efficacy.
Immunotherapy combining checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T, CAR-NK, and cancer vaccines shows promising results in treating AML. Chemotherapy can enhance the efficacy of these treatments by reshaping the tumor microenvironment.
Super-enhancers are densely clustered regions driving oncogene expression in cancer. Targeting BRD4, CDK7, and SE structure with small molecules and CRISPR may offer therapeutic benefits. Combination therapies aim to overcome resistance and improve outcomes.
A 76-year-old woman developed spinal mixed histiocytosis after multiple relapses of BRAF-mutated unifocal skull Langerhans cell histiocytosis. She was treated successfully with targeted therapy, highlighting the importance of routine PET/CT screening and genetic testing for refractory cases.
Breast cancer diagnosis and treatment have been enhanced by nanotechnology, improving outcomes for patients. Various formulations such as lipid nanoparticles, nanoemulsions, polymeric nanoparticles, and metal-based nanoparticles offer improved bioavailability and overcome limitations of conventional therapies.
This study established a novel method for amplifying the entire HPV16 genome, demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity. The overlapping extension polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach enabled effective amplification of samples as low as 2 copies/μL, with stable results at higher concentrations.
Exposure to terahertz radiation induces significant changes in purine metabolism, pantothenate/CoA biosynthesis, and the pentose phosphate pathway. Gene network analysis reveals associations with membrane raft reorganization and receptor-mediated signaling involving epidermal growth factor receptor and G-protein subunits.
A study found significant CD39 expression on CD4+ T-cells in HIV/HCV coinfected patients, with a negative correlation between CD39 positivity and pro-inflammatory chemokines. This suggests that CD39-positive T-cells play a role in controlling purinergic signaling in these patients.
Epigenetic modifiers targeting histone acetylation, methylation, and phosphorylation show significant preclinical promise in CRC. Combination strategies and novel degraders offer pathways to overcome resistance, including PROTACs targeting KDM3A/B that eliminate cancer stem cells via Wnt/β-catenin inhibition.
Exosome-based therapies harness the power of microRNAs to activate hair follicle stem cells, promoting hair growth. Key findings include the identification of pro-anagen and inhibitory microRNAs that regulate Wnt/β-catenin, Shh, and HIF-1α pathways.
Febrile neutropenia is a chemotherapy complication that Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) can help alleviate. TCM combines tonifying qi and blood, warming yang, and strengthening the spleen and kidney to treat FN. Combining TCM with standard therapy significantly improves outcomes.
Several medicinal plants, particularly those from the Asteraceae and Zingiberaceae families, have anti-Entamoeba histolytica activity due to their phytochemicals like terpenoids and flavonoids. Further research is needed to establish their efficacy and clinical potential.
The review explores global integration models, identifies challenges, and proposes strategies for an inclusive healthcare future. Key challenges include epistemological and methodological differences, lack of standardization, and regulatory barriers.
The study found that terminal ileum intubation significantly increases the diagnostic yield for inflammatory bowel disease, anemia, abdominal pain, and chronic diarrhea. Routine ileal biopsy is recommended during colonoscopy for patients with abnormal mucosal findings or red-flag symptoms.
This study investigates the clinicopathologic features and genomic landscape of DNA polymerase epsilon mutant colorectal adenocarcinomas. The analysis reveals two distinct subgroups with different outcomes, suggesting improved prognostication for some patients.
Research found that certain NSUN6 gene polymorphisms may reduce the risk of neuroblastoma in children from Jiangsu Province, China. The study also discovered a potential link between these genetic variants and improved overall survival rates.
A new fecal SDC2 methylation assay, combined with the Asia-Pacific Colorectal Screening Scoring (APCS), demonstrates superior performance in detecting advanced adenomas and stratifying risk. The test's high specificity makes it a valuable tool for prioritizing colonoscopy.
This study analyzed 740 endometrial polyps and found a low but notable risk of malignancy, particularly in postmenopausal patients. The results suggest that routine sampling of the background endometrium during polypectomy is essential for early detection of serous carcinoma.
Crude extracts from Tithonia diversifolia and Solanum torvum exhibit significant antibacterial activity against selected Shigella species. Hexane extract from S. torvum and dichloromethane extract from T. diversifolia inhibit bacterial growth with minimum inhibitory concentration values of 500 and 1,000 µg/mL.
This systematic review found that both chemical and non-chemical denture cleansers effectively reduce Candida species, with chemical agents demonstrating more consistent antifungal action. Non-chemical agents preserve material integrity and are preferred by patients for their taste and ease of use.
The study identifies SRJ09 as a top candidate for treating beta thalassemia due to its favorable binding affinity to the active site of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2). The compound exhibited acceptable drug-likeness properties and stable complex behavior with HDAC2.
Harlequin ichthyosis is caused by ABCA12 mutations leading to defective lipid transport and loss of skin barrier function. Management includes neonatal care, systemic retinoids, daily emollients, and keratolytics, with improved survival rates and quality of life.
The study investigated the bioactive polyphenolic compounds and their anti-degenerative properties in foliar tissues of Amaranthus hypochondriacus L. The results showed germplasm-specific variations in pharmacological potential, with some accessions exhibiting promising anti-degenerative properties.
This review examines cancer-inflammation interplay, translational advances, and clinical strategies. Emerging technologies promise to refine precision therapy, while integrating inflammation-targeting approaches with immunotherapy offers a path to personalized cancer care.
This study developed and evaluated an automatic method for lung nodule detection and classification using a CNN-based architecture on the LIDC-IDRI database. The proposed method achieved high sensitivity and accuracy, with competitive performance compared to recent studies.
A study comparing biochemical parameters among patients with diabetic nephropathy (DNp), diabetes control (DC), nephropathy control (NC), and healthy controls reveals DNp exhibited the most severe disturbances. DNp showed markedly elevated glycemic indices and impaired renal function, while DC displayed prominent dyslipidemia.
This systematic review compares the efficacy, safety, and quality of life outcomes associated with stereoelectroencephalography-guided temporal lobe resection (TLR) and responsive neurostimulation (RNS) in adults with drug-resistant TLE. Key findings include higher seizure freedom rates for TLR and better cognitive preservation with RNS.
This prospective cohort study evaluated the two-year safety outcomes of cardiac pacemakers, implantable cardioverter-defibrillators, and cardiac resynchronization therapy devices in a tertiary care setting. The study found no significant disparities between males and females across various variables.
The Chinese Guidelines for Clinical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Management of Cirrhosis (2025) provide a comprehensive framework for diagnosing and managing liver cirrhosis. Key pathophysiological changes include impaired synthesis of albumin and coagulation factors, portal hypertension, gut-liver axis dysregulation, and progression driv...
Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) is associated with a high incidence of osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk. The pathogenesis involves immune dysregulation, cholestasis, liver damage, and metabolic alterations, highlighting the need for PBC-specific management strategies.
This study reveals a bidirectional causal link between MASLD and sarcopenia, mediated by liver-muscle communication. Altered pathways in both liver and muscle tissues contribute to the development of these conditions.
A prospective study of 49 treatment-naive CHB patients found that HBV genotype significantly influences liver histological response. Patients with genotype B showed higher histological improvement rates and greater inflammation resolution compared to those with genotype C.
The 2025 Expert Consensus provides a framework for diagnosing and managing inherited hyperbilirubinemia, with a focus on genetic testing and tailored management strategies. The consensus promotes the use of genetic analysis to confirm diagnoses and aid in prognostication and family counseling.
This study analyzed clinical and pathological characteristics of bone marrow metastasis from non-hematolymphoid malignancies. Prostate and breast carcinomas were the most common malignancies associated with BMM, and anti-neoplastic treatments improved overall survival.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of pegylated interferon treatment found HBsAg decline at week 24 to be the best predictor of functional cure, while on-treatment HBV RNA levels were most reliable for HBeAg loss. Novel virologic markers were less effective than traditional indicators.
This review synthesizes current applications of AI and smart devices in MASLD care, discussing their benefits and limitations. AI models leverage EHR, laboratory data, and multi-omics information to predict risk and severity, while also enhancing medical imaging interpretation and liver histopathology assessment.
ABCA–ABCG transporters play a crucial role in biliary secretion, with mutations leading to various hepatobiliary disorders. Next-generation genetic testing enables tailored management, while emerging therapies hold promise for cholestatic diseases. Genetic counseling is recommended for family planning and risk assessment.