Articles tagged with Degrees Of Freedom
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
The team led by Xiaolong Su prepares hybrid polarization-cat entangled state with OAM degree of freedom, demonstrating non-zero logarithmic negativities for various OAM states. This breakthrough enables increased information capacity in quantum communication and takes a crucial step towards hybrid quantum information processing.
A new soft wearable robot called WeaRo has been developed to help workers avoid job-related injuries while lifting, lowering, and carrying objects. The robot effectively reduces muscle activation levels by up to 27.0% without constraining users' movements.
Researchers propose a novel strategy for highly controllable micro-nano fabrication using focal volume optics in transparent solids. The approach enables the creation of composite structures with finer structures and tunable properties, opening up new avenues for photonics and nanophotonics applications.
Researchers at Clemson University have developed a new noncentrosymmetric triangular-lattice magnet, CaMnTeO6, which displays strong quantum fluctuations and nonlinear optical responses. This breakthrough material has the potential to lead to advancements in solid-state quantum computing, spin-based electronics, resilient climate chang...
Researchers have introduced iso-propagation vortices, offering a solution to increasing information processing capacity while overcoming traditional vortex beam limitations. IPVs exhibit OAM-independent propagation, allowing for consistent beam size during free-space propagation.
Researchers at Tohoku University have made a breakthrough in understanding spin currents in insulating magnets. They found that the spin current signal changes direction and decreases at low temperatures, shedding light on its propagation direction.
A team of researchers has successfully integrated a metasurface with photonic integrated circuits, enabling fast and tunable control over light manipulation. The device can shape any wavefront in reconfigurable arbitrary polarization states at speeds of up to 1.4 gigahertz.
Molecular quantum computing may connect quantum biology and cognitive science through shared concepts like quantum degrees of freedom. Researchers explore potential links between charge movement, spin states, and biological processes in neurons and photosynthesis.
Scientists have created a way to correct distorted light patterns in real time without needing to reapply the same distortion. This method uses nonlinear optics and exploits difference frequency generation to produce an aberration-free output beam.
Researchers extend spatially incoherent diffractive networks to perform complex-valued linear transformations with negligible error, opening up new applications in fields like autonomous vehicles. This breakthrough enables the encryption and decryption of complex-valued images using spatially incoherent diffractive networks.
Researchers developed three diffractive deep neural networks using orbital angular momentum to recognize objects in images, achieving accuracy comparable to wavelength and polarization-based models. The technology has potential for real-time processing applications like image recognition and data-intensive tasks.
Researchers from HKUST and CityU developed a metasurface to generate time-varying OAM beams with a time-dependent phase profile. This allows for a higher-order twist in the envelope wavefront structure, increasing capacity for applications such as dynamic particle trapping and information encryption.
The caterpillar-bot uses a novel pattern of silver nanowires to control its movement, with the ability to steer in both directions and navigate through tight spaces. The robot's movement is driven by heating and cooling cycles that allow it to 'relax' before contracting again.
A multidisciplinary team developed a physiologically accurate model of octopus arm muscles, providing insight into biological and design challenges. The model enables energy-shaping control, simplifying arm control design and enabling life-like motion in soft robots.
Scientists develop eigenmodes of structured light that remain undistorted even in turbulent channels, enabling robust transmission through noisy media. This breakthrough paves the way for future work in quantum light communication and imaging through complex systems.
Researchers at the Max Born Institute have used novel ultrashort soft X-ray spectroscopy to study the fate of molecular nitrogen when an electron is kicked out. They found that the B state has a similar degree of excitation as the X state, contradicting previous models. Instead, a coherent interplay between light fields enables lasing ...
Researchers at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute have successfully controlled electron spin at room temperature, a crucial step towards developing more efficient and faster devices. The discovery uses a unique ferroelectric van der Waals layered perovskite crystal to harness the Rashba or Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling effect.
Researchers at Singapore University of Technology and Design developed a new machine learning approach to model underwater robot dynamics, allowing for efficient swimming in complex environments. The approach, published in IEEE-RAL, uses deep neural networks to predict required flapping motions for a set of given propulsive force targets.
A mechanical RIS has been developed with high reconfiguration degree of freedom, low power consumption, and real-time dynamic control capabilities. It uses a robust control method to determine the rotation angle of each meta-atom and offers a new energy-saving and environmentally friendly alternative for wireless communications systems.
A team of researchers demonstrates an adaptive optimization protocol that can engineer arbitrary high-dimensional quantum states, overcoming limitations due to noise and experimental imperfections. The protocol uses measured agreement between produced and target state to tune experimental parameters.
Scientists have successfully created a vector beam with an unprecedented 5 degrees of freedom, exceeding the previously reported 2 DoFs. This breakthrough exploits ray-wave duality in a frequency-degenerate laser to generate a non-separable output that combines periodic number, transverse index, oscillating phase, and astigmatic degree.
Researchers have developed an algorithm that uses the transit time of sound waves to assign echoes to specific walls. The drone's six degrees of freedom are sufficient for optimal microphone placement, reducing ghost wall detection. This innovation opens a new pathway towards practical applications in various fields.
Researchers at TU Wien have successfully disentangled the interplay of several electron properties in complex materials. By influencing different characteristics separately, they have uncovered a system where order can be switched on and off individually in relation to two closely interwoven degrees of freedom.
Hybrid magnetic-plasmonic elements enable contactless temperature control in magnetic functional metamaterials, facilitating local, efficient, and fast heating schemes. Sublattice-specific heating on sub-nanosecond time scales is achieved using plasmon-assisted photo-heating.
Möbius kaleidocycles are ring linkages that can be turned inside-out continuously, inspiring wonder in engineers and mathematicians. The objects have unique properties, such as a one-sided surface, and could be used for designing new mixing machines, energy transmitting devices, or robotic arms.
A University of Oklahoma physics professor is using a National Science Foundation grant to explore the potential of spatial degree of freedom in long-distance quantum communications and imaging. The research could bring about a revolution in quantum information science by enabling large-scale quantum information transmission.
Researchers developed a machine-learning algorithm that identifies relevant degrees of freedom in physical systems, revolutionizing the field. The approach provides fundamental physical insight and raises the prospect of combining human creativity with machine learning.
Researchers have discovered two competing quantum shapes in a neutron-rich krypton isotope, 98Kr, which exhibits a gentle onset of deformation with added neutrons. This finding challenges current understanding of nuclear shapes and provides insight into the limits of quantum phase transition regions.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a new method, GAMERS, to extract the static and dynamic structure of complex chemical systems. This four-dimensional coherent spectroscopic method reveals hidden features of molecular structure, enabling insights into quantum phenomena and potential applications in solar cells.
Researchers developed a spatial multiplexing technique that reshapes laser light into multiple modes, increasing data transmission capacity. The approach demonstrated in a laboratory free-space optical network showed 98% efficiency and could work in optical fibers.
Scientists with Berkeley Lab have demonstrated the ability to electrically generate and control valley electrons in a two-dimensional semiconductor, which could lead to faster and more energy-efficient computing technologies. The breakthrough enables future computer chips to process more information with less power.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a wireless-power transfer (WPT) technology that allows mobile devices to be charged in any direction, even when away from the power source. The system can charge multiple devices simultaneously and wirelessly, with an efficiency of up to 34%, making it ideal for emergency situations.
A team of researchers found that a seahorse's square, overlapping tail segments provide better armor and gripping abilities compared to traditional cylindrical tails. The squared shape absorbs more energy before permanent failure begins and creates more contact points with surfaces.
Researchers at Disney Research Pittsburgh have developed a 2-legged robot that can mimic an animated character's walking motion, using a combination of 3D-printed links and servo motors. The robot is designed to duplicate the character's gait as closely as possible, while also being stable and physically realizable.
Researchers investigate possible Galileon-like theories with new kinds of symmetries, potentially describing systems near multi-critical points and superfluids. Non-relativistic systems like Goldstone bosons are also considered for potential applications.
Researchers have directly visualized magnetic charge crystallization in an artificial spin ice material for the first time. The team developed a new annealing protocol to realize the full potential of complex magnetic interactions in these materials.
Researchers developed an inertial sensor-based monitoring system to track upper limb movements in patients with impairment. The system was validated using a commercial optoelectronic system and showed promise in assessing functional rehabilitation of the upper limbs.
A new microscopic theory describes interactions between components of complex polymer mixtures, enabling realistic modeling and macroscopic property predictions. The method has been experimentally proven using neutron scattering experiments, opening up possibilities for studying complex mixtures with improved properties.
Researchers at NRL have demonstrated the polarization of graphene's valley degree of freedom through scattering off a naturally occurring line defect, offering a potential path to valleytronics. This discovery could lead to more robust and efficient electronic devices.
Researchers at USC have developed SuperBot, a modular and multifunctional robot system that can reconfigure into different configurations for various tasks. The system consists of Lego-like autonomous robotic modules with internal and external sensors, enabling flexible bending, docking, and continuous rotation.