Research on new and better ways to treat cancer. Covers radiotherapy, targeted microdroplets, nerve-injury protection, drug combinations, and tumor models.
A recent study published in Nicotine & Tobacco Research found that female smokers experience more stress and craving after viewing cellphone-delivered stress-inducing images than male smokers. This suggests that improving quit outcomes in women may require gender-specific cessation strategies. Researchers hope to use the data from this...
The National University of Singapore engineers have developed a novel bottom-up synthesis strategy to consistently construct TMD QDs of specific size, offering a cheaper and more scalable method. The synthesized MoS2 QDs demonstrate potential biomedical applications, including photodynamic therapy for cancer treatment.
The debate centers on renaming ultra-low risk cancers to avoid unnecessary investigations and treatments. Experts recommend recalibrating thresholds for cancer diagnosis to categorize very low risk cancers as benign, reducing anxiety and improving patient outcomes.
A new study reveals that cancer survivors experience greater financial burdens compared to non-cancer individuals, with younger survivors facing the most hardship. Privately insured cancer survivors with high deductible health plans without health savings accounts were particularly vulnerable to medical financial hardship.
Charité is leading three new EU-funded projects: ReSHAPE, VirtualBrainCloud, and ENDOSCAPE. The ReSHAPE project aims to develop a treatment for transplant rejection using regulatory T cells, while VirtualBrainCloud creates personalized brain simulations for neurodegenerative diseases. ENDOSCOPE develops non-viral gene delivery technolo...
Researchers conducted a randomized study involving 73 adults with mild to moderate active ulcerative colitis, finding that pooled donor FMT induced remission in 32% of patients, compared to 9% with placebo. The study used anaerobically processed stool to preserve bacteria, which survived and administered to patients.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute have found that muscle stem cells can give rise to cancer in DMD patients. The study identified two genes linked to the tumor's growth and suggests that treatments targeting muscle stem cells should consider potential cancer risk.
A recent study analyzed over 8,000 human tumors and discovered common molecular hallmarks of low oxygen levels, which can predict cancer aggressiveness and inform treatment decisions. The findings provide new insights into the complex relationship between hypoxia, genetic changes, and tumor evolution.
Scientists have identified a novel step in gene expression that controls the expression of genes crucial for breast cancer cell growth and tumour progression. The discovery highlights a specific modification allowing RNA polymerase II to overcome a pausing barrier, enabling the transcription of proliferation genes.
A study published in Cancer Cell found that Tinagl1, a protein-based therapy, reduced the spread of triple-negative breast cancer in mice by blocking two main pathways. The treatment is based on a naturally occurring protein and has been shown to be effective even after tumors have begun to metastasize.
Researchers developed two machine learning models to predict cancer patients' symptoms like depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbance. The models accurately predicted the severity of these symptoms throughout treatment, suggesting a potential improvement in quality of life for cancer patients.
Connexin43 is a widely distributed gap junction protein involved in myocardium disease and tumor migration. Understanding its role in these processes can provide insight into new therapeutic options for cancer and myocardial disease diagnosis and therapy.
A recent study suggests that black men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer (Gleason score 6) may have a more aggressive form of the disease, leading to higher mortality rates compared to non-black men. The research found a significant disparity in prostate cancer death rates between black and non-black patients with Gleason 6 cancers.
Researchers at CNIO and Hospital 12 de Octubre have discovered a potential new combination therapy for myelofibrosis, a severe haematological disease. The three-drug combination of nilotinib, prednisone, and ruxolitinib enhances the treatment's effectiveness by potentiating each other's benefits.
Researchers developed a computer model predicting prostate cancer progression using tumor genomes from nearly 300 patients. This enables clinicians to develop tailor-made treatments, potentially improving patient outcomes.
Researchers have revealed the brain mechanism behind the uncontrollable itch-scratching cycle. A small subset of neurons in the periaqueductal gray region tracks itch-evoked scratching behavior. The study provides a starting point to decipher how itch is processed and modulated in the brain.
A 29-year study found that only 12% of men with advanced prostate cancer were saved from dying by surgery, while 80% had died after 29 years. Surgery did extend life expectancy by 2.9 years, but also came with significant side effects.
A phase I/II trial found that combining nab-paclitaxel with gemcitabine significantly improved survival rates even among patients with reduced health status. The study's results suggest alternative treatment options for patients typically underrepresented in clinical trials.
A new study by University of Plymouth researchers has identified Prominin-1, a protein that plays a crucial role in stem cell activation and differentiation. The discovery highlights Prominin-1 as a potential therapeutic target for treating cancer and regenerating damaged tissues.
PSMA-targeted PET/MRI performs equally well as clinical nomograms to determine risk for advanced disease in high-risk prostate cancer patients, providing valuable information for treatment planning. The study results show whole-body imaging with 68Ga-PSMA-11 PET/MRI offers a one-stop shop for staging and guiding treatment options.
A new study found that young women with hormone receptor-positive luminal A breast cancer have a lower five-year disease-free survival rate compared to older patients. The study's authors hope their findings can inform better treatment options for this age group.
Researchers have discovered a higher risk of cervical cancer in women whose cervical cells test positive for certain high-risk human papillomavirus types but do not show any signs of cellular abnormalities. A total of 96 cases were found to develop pre-cancerous changes and 4 cervical cancers during the 9-year follow-up period.
Researchers from Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin studied genetic factors behind different tumor subtypes and their prognoses. They found that telomere maintenance mechanisms play a crucial role in the development of malignant tumors, enabling precise predictions of disease prognosis.
Advanced breast cancer patients with detectable PIK3CA mutations in their blood show improved progression-free survival when treated with alpelisib added to fulvestrant. Liquid biopsy analysis reveals a 45% risk reduction compared to tissue biopsy.
A new study identifies key molecular features that predict clinical outcomes in neuroblastoma patients. The research suggests a molecular classification scheme to select the best treatment for each patient, with tumors lacking telomere maintenance mechanisms considered low-risk and those with these features deemed higher-risk.
A recent study published in BMJ Open found that smokers who mainly roll their own cigarettes are less motivated to quit compared to those who mainly smoke factory-made cigarettes. The main reason for this disparity is the relatively cheap cost of RYO products, with users spending around half as much on smoking each week.
New research reveals that financial difficulties are a significant strain on cancer patients, with over 20% reporting financial trouble. The study found that employment status and cancer type significantly impact financial well-being.
The new guidelines from the European Hematology Association and European LeukemiaNet provide standardized approaches to clinical management of Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia (CMML). The recommendations are based on expert consensus and include steps to improve evidence supporting clinical guidelines.
The new UK skin cancer database reveals over 45,000 cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (cSCC) occur every year in England, significantly higher than previously estimated. This data enables researchers to evaluate the effectiveness of prevention initiatives and treatment options for this common form of skin cancer.
Researchers have reported promising preliminary results for cryoablation as a treatment for low-risk breast cancers, with a 99.4% success rate and no serious adverse events. The procedure is being studied as an alternative to surgical lumpectomy.
Healthy blood stem cells exhibit a similar number of DNA mutations as those found in leukemic cells, suggesting that the location of these mutations is more relevant than their quantity. This study's findings have implications for understanding the origins of leukemia and developing targeted treatments.
Researchers use big data from medical studies and large biobanks to develop models predicting biological age, aging rate, and potential targets for future anti-aging therapies. The approach also led to the identification of wearable-based biomarkers of aging and frailty.
The American Society of Hematology has released new clinical practice guidelines for venous thromboembolism, covering evidence-based recommendations for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. The guidelines aim to improve care for patients with blood clots, addressing current uncertainties and variations in clinical practice.
Researchers used big data from human medical studies and physics approaches to develop novel anti-aging therapeutics and biomarkers of aging. The strategy involves analyzing data from large biobanks and applying concepts from complex dynamic systems to predict biological age, aging rate, and potential targets for therapies.
A randomised controlled trial found that gut-directed hypnotherapy delivered by psychologists was effective in relieving IBS symptoms, with benefits persisting at 9-month follow-up. Group hypnotherapy was as effective as individual sessions, potentially offering a new treatment option for IBS patients.
A research team at Hokkaido University found that lower TRIM29 levels correlate with more mobile and invasive squamous cell carcinoma cells, leading to a worse prognosis. The TRIM-29/keratin interaction plays a crucial role in regulating cell shape and motility.
The OARtrac radiation treatment monitoring system has been awarded a 2018 R&D 100 Award for its innovative application of scintillating fiber material. The system, developed by RadiaDyne and Jefferson Lab, allows clinicians to monitor and adjust radiation delivery to patients.
The Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI) has approved $54 million to fund 12 new studies comparing different treatments for various conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder and age-related hearing loss. These studies aim to answer important questions that can inform patient care and outcomes.
A portable device that can screen for cervical cancer using a smartphone has been developed by researchers at the University of Arizona. The device is estimated to be less than $3,000 and can analyze images automatically, recommend treatment, and identify potentially cancerous areas. Its affordability, portability, and ease of use make...
Researchers have developed a technique to isolate circulating tumor cells from blood, allowing for the analysis of protein makeup without biopsies. This could lead to more effective therapies and better patient outcomes by monitoring treatment progress remotely.
Scientists from CNRS and partners have found a promising strategy for protecting neurons after a stroke, involving the extracellular matrix. The new approach, using an agent mimicking structural components of this matrix, has shown effectiveness in rats and may complement existing clot-elimination techniques.
Distinguished Professor Terry Hughes exposed coral reef damage caused by rising water temperatures, while Britt Hermes publicised her research on evidence-based medicine. Both received the 2018 John Maddox Prize for their courage in promoting science.
A new study has shown that genomic profiling can provide meaningful information for more than half of people with rare cancers, influencing diagnosis and treatment. The trial found that 20% of participants received a new treatment plan, and 6% were given a new diagnosis.
Scientists have discovered that excess fat in obese individuals clogs up the molecular machinery of Natural Killer cells, preventing them from killing tumour cells. This research outlines possible paths to re-programming and restoring the cancer-fighting abilities of these cells.
Women who participate in breast screening have a significantly lower risk of dying from breast cancer within 10 and 20 years after diagnosis. The study found that screening detects cancers at an earlier stage, allowing for more effective treatment and a reduced mortality rate.
A study of 1244 patients found a 72% higher risk of heart failure in those receiving androgen deprivation therapy compared to non-users. The researchers recommend counseling patients on modifiable heart failure risk factors and providing cardiovascular examinations.
Researchers developed a novel SPECT tracer to image c-Met expression in NSCLC, producing clearer images in less time and reducing radiation exposure. The tracer showed high specificity and rapid clearance from the body, making it potentially suitable for clinical use.
The Bertarelli Foundation has awarded four collaborative research grants to scientists at Harvard Medical School to develop new therapies for debilitating sensory disorders. The grants will focus on addressing hidden hearing loss and developing gene therapy treatments for Usher syndrome.
A research gap means millions of people are living with the lasting side-effects of cancer treatment, affecting their quality of life. The National Cancer Research Institute has identified ten key areas for research to tackle these issues, developed by patients, carers, and experts.
An interactive online LGBT cultural competency training program improved oncologists' knowledge and clinical practices on LGBT patients. The program increased correct answers on LGBT-related knowledge items by 52% and favorable perspectives toward LGBT people by 70%.
Researchers at VIB and KU Leuven uncovered a critical role of the long non-coding RNA SAMMSON in boosting protein synthesis, enabling unrestrained cell growth. The study identifies SAMMSON as an essential step in melanoma initiation.
Researchers at Yale University found that progestin-therapy effectiveness depends on PR status in endometriotic lesions. Women with PR-positive lesions respond better to therapy, while those with PR-negative lesions find little relief. This study suggests a personalized approach to treating endometriosis may be more effective.
A new study found that people tend to overestimate the benefits and underestimate the risks of various medical procedures. In a hypothetical scenario, participants were asked to rate their likelihood of experiencing benefits or side effects of different treatments, revealing an average perception of benefit higher than the midpoint, wh...
Researchers have mapped the chromatin accessibility landscape of 23 primary human cancer types using ATAC-seq, identifying over 500,000 active DNA regulatory elements. This comprehensive dataset may help partition cancer patients for more effective therapies.
Extracellular vesicles, or 'cellular dust', have shown therapeutic properties similar to stem cells without their disadvantages. These gel-like vesicles can be produced by a single donor for several patients and have demonstrated potential in repairing heart, liver, and kidney lesions.
Researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital have developed a new class of compounds called pantazines that may treat the rare neurodegenerative disorder pantothenate kinase-associated neurodegeneration (PKAN). The compounds elevate coenzyme A levels, preventing neuron dysfunction and improving symptoms in mice models.
A study analyzed over 1,000 medical crowdfunding campaigns for five unproven treatments, raising nearly $6.8 million. The campaigns were found on four platforms and included homeopathic cancer treatments and hyperbaric oxygen therapy for brain injury.
Researchers have developed a new tool to study genetic switches in glioblastoma tumors, which drive cancer growth and survival. The new technique uses ChRO-seq data to classify tumors into subtypes based on active switches, with potential applications in predicting patient outcomes and developing new therapies.
Patient-reported outcomes from NRG-RTOG 0232 show that brachytherapy alone is the superior treatment for men with intermediate risk prostate cancer, with less toxicities. The study found significant differences in clinician and patient-reported late toxicity profiles between arms.
A phase 3 clinical trial found that ixekizumab significantly improves AS symptoms, disease activity and quality of life after 16 weeks. The treatment was well-tolerated despite more frequent adverse events compared to placebo.