Articles tagged with Cancer Treatments
A simple protein test may help predict survival rates for patients with head and neck cancer by identifying HPV-positive tumours. This test could allow doctors to choose more appropriate treatments, leading to better outcomes for patients.
Rhabdomyosarcoma is a pediatric soft-tissue cancer characterized by two distinct genotypes. The disease was found to have a relatively low number of somatic mutations compared to birth DNA alterations. Key genes, such as NRAS and KRAS, were identified with frequent mutations.
Most women who undergo conservative surgery for early-stage vulvar cancer report little long-term impact on sexuality and body image. Factors like radical excision, swelling of the lower limbs, and fear of pain during resumption of sex can lead to negative emotions.
A newly-developed dietary fiber with a slow release mechanism may alleviate IBS symptoms and improve gut health, targeting the distal colon where colon cancer and other diseases occur.
A study found that women previously treated for CIN3 have an increased risk of developing and dying from cervical or vaginal cancer compared to the general female population. The risk accelerates above age 60 and is more pronounced in those who received treatment later in life.
A study found that follow-up tests improved the rate of surgical treatment for cancer recurrence in patients who had undergone curative surgery for primary colorectal cancer. The benefits were seen in both computed tomography and carcinoembryonic antigen screening methods, with no advantage in combining these tests.
Researchers found that inhibiting STAT1 chain formation can block detrimental type-II interferon responses while preserving anti-viral protection, providing a new target for improving current treatments.
A new approach targeting persistent HIV-infected cells could complement antiretroviral therapy to achieve sustained disease remission. The immunotoxin 3B3-PE38 significantly reduced the number of infected cells and viral load in a mouse model.
A new plasma thermogram test has been developed by researchers at the University of Louisville, indicating the presence or absence of cervical cancer. The test measures unique protein signatures in blood plasma, providing a non-invasive alternative to traditional Pap smear screening.
Researchers at Ohio State University discovered a seven-gene panel associated with DNA methylation that can identify patients with the best or poorest outcomes in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment. Patients with low scores, indicating few highly expressed genes, had better complete-remission rates and longer survival rates.
Researchers found that long-term PI3K inhibitor treatment reactivates Akt through an unknown ERK1/2 regulatory loop. This limits the effectiveness of anti-PI3K strategies against K-Ras mutant or overexpressed tumor cells. Combining MEK-ERK1/2 and PI3K inhibitors may overcome resistance in these tumors.
Researchers found that EPO promotes tumor cell invasion and migration via stimulating a small percentage of stem-like cancer cells. The study provides evidence for a novel paradigm in which EPO regulates tumorigenesis through autocrine/paracrine action, potentially explaining inconsistent results in previous studies.
A new nomogram developed by Roman Gulati et al. estimates the likelihood of overdiagnosis for screen-detected prostate cancers, considering patient age, Gleason score, and PSA level at diagnosis. The model predicts risks ranging from 2.9% to 88.1% depending on individual characteristics.
A new compound, MLS-2384, has been developed as a potential anti-tumor therapeutic agent targeting JAK and Src kinases. It exhibits dual inhibitory activity against these kinases and blocks downstream signaling into the STAT3 pathway.
Georgia Regents University has joined the Cooperative Multicenter Reproductive Medicine Network to conduct large-scale clinical trials on male and female infertility. The network aims to develop novel diagnostic and treatment strategies for complex reproductive health issues, including polycystic ovary syndrome and delayed puberty.
A study published in Oncogene found that androgens hijack the AMPK signaling cascade to increase prostate cancer cell growth. This metabolic switch has significant implications for understanding early and late-stage prostate cancer progression.
The EORTC-GIMEMA AML-12 Trial found that high-dose cytarabine improved outcomes for adult patients with acute myeloid leukemia, especially those younger than 46 years. High-dose treatment resulted in higher remission and survival rates compared to standard-dose treatment.
Researchers have developed an oral vaccine against Helicobacter pylori using Lactobacillus acidophilus as a delivery vehicle. The vaccine elicits specific antibodies and provides significant protection against gastric infection.
Researchers at Moffitt Cancer Center have discovered a control mechanism that can trigger the development of myelodysplastic syndromes by promoting inflammation and preventing healthy blood cells from developing. The study found that targeting this mechanism may lead to new treatment options for people with certain blood cancers.
A large cohort of KRAS exon 2 wild-type mCRC cases were screened for the S492R EGFR mutation without detection. This suggests that the S492R mutation is not involved in primary resistance to cetuximab in CRC, leading to a reevaluation of routine screening prior to treatment with cetuximab.
Research finds rural cancer patients are 66% more likely to retire early after a diagnosis compared to urban counterparts. Additionally, these patients are less likely to receive paid disability while receiving treatment.
A €6 million European study led by Queen's University aims to develop new diagnostics and therapies for bowel cancer. The research will investigate two major genetic factors contributing to the aggressive spread of colorectal cancer, with the goal of improving patient survival rates.
African-American women with breast cancer are more likely to develop aggressive forms of the disease at a younger age. Researcher Ritu Aneja has found a protein called HSET as a potential biomarker for identifying these cancers, which could lead to customized treatment plans.
Researchers identify novel genetic mutations in the CALR gene that are common in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms, improving diagnosis and treatment decisions. The study also explores the use of lenalidomide and idelalisib to strengthen rituximab treatment for pre-treated patients.
Researchers found a strong association between high 2-HG levels, DNA methylation patterns, and poor survival outcomes in African-American breast cancer patients. The study identified a distinct breast cancer subtype with elevated 2-HG levels that was associated with reduced survival.
The REiNS Collaboration has established a framework for standardized outcome measures in neurofibromatosis clinical trials. The new guidelines address patient-reported outcomes, functional outcomes affecting vision, hearing and facial function, imaging tumor response, and disease biomarkers.
A recent study from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute found that patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who were as old as 74 fared as well with stem cell transplantation as did younger patients. The study analyzed the records of 67 patients and showed no statistically significant differences in overall survival at four years between...
A new study published in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention found that men who continued to smoke after a cancer diagnosis had a 59% increased risk of death compared to those who quit. Quitting smoking can also significantly reduce the risk of death for specific types of cancer, such as bladder, lung, and colorectal cancers.
Researchers have identified a new potent and selective PI3Kdelta inhibitor, GS-9820, which regulates osteoclast shape and resorptive activity. This discovery offers a potential new approach for treating inflammatory bone diseases and skeletal metastases.
Researchers assessed MR-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) in 12 patients with invasive ductal breast cancer. The procedure proved safe and effective, with 10 patients showing no residual disease post-surgery. Continuous MRI monitoring allowed for precise temperature control during the ablation process.
The American Society of Hematology has released a list of common hematology tests, treatments, and procedures that are not always necessary. The list highlights five tests or procedures to question, including limiting surveillance CT scans in asymptomatic patients following curative-intent treatment for aggressive lymphoma.
A new receptor, similar to those for endorphins or morphine, has been discovered to play a crucial role in the body's response to sepsis. Blocking this receptor may help reduce inflammation and improve outcomes for critically ill patients suffering from sepsis.
Researchers at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem discovered a new compound, NT219, that selectively inhibits the aging process to protect the brain from neurodegenerative diseases. The compound's inhibition of IGF1 signaling pathway has therapeutic potential for treating neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.
A team of researchers from The Wistar Institute and the University of Pennsylvania are working on a five-year project to better understand melanoma biology and develop more effective treatments for the disease. They aim to overcome drug resistance by targeting different mutations and combinations of therapies.
A recent study published in PLOS ONE found that HIV-positive men who have sex with men are at a higher risk of developing anal cancer due to Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection. The researchers discovered that taking antiretroviral therapies as prescribed can lower the risk of HPV infections among HIV-infected men.
Research suggests that women who test negative for BRCA2 mutations but have a family history are still at higher risk of developing breast cancer, with a fourfold increased risk compared to the general population. The study found that genetic factors other than BRCA-related genes may contribute to this increased risk.
A randomized controlled trial found that patients with nurse navigators reported feeling better supported emotionally and more involved in their care. Nurse navigators helped patients develop the confidence and skills to manage their illness and treatment more effectively.
The EORTC task force evaluated physiological reserves and biomarkers of aging in elderly patients with cancer. They identified potential biomarkers that may indicate functional biological age, such as inflammatory markers, telomere length, and genetic predisposition for longevity. The study provides a guideline for integrating these bi...
Researchers at LSUHSC discovered a combination of six natural compounds from vegetables, fruits, and spices killed 100% of breast cancer cells. The super cocktail suppressed cell growth by over 80%, inhibited invasion, and caused cell death without harming normal cells.
Postmenopausal women who consumed sugar-sweetened beverages had a higher risk of developing the most common type of endometrial cancer compared to those who did not drink such beverages. The study found that women who drank more sugar-sweetened beverages had an increased risk, with the highest intake being associated with a 78% higher ...
A special issue of Gut Microbes explores the role of H. pylori in stomach cancer, as well as its impact on the natural stomach ecology and relationship with hepatitis C virus-associated liver cancer. The studies discuss various factors contributing to H. pylori-induced gastric cancer.
A St. Jude Children's Research Hospital study found that young adult childhood cancer survivors are more likely to be frail than their peers, increasing their risk of death and chronic disease. Frailty is associated with advanced age in the general population but was not linked to lifestyle factors in female survivors.
Research suggests that elevated Vitamin B12 levels may signal a heightened cancer risk, particularly in the first year after measurement. Studies found an association between high Cbl levels and increased incidence of various cancers, including hematological and alcohol/smoking-related types.
Weill Cornell Medical College will receive a $500,000 grant from MasterCard to support research into female cancers. The grant aims to develop personalized care and address various types of women's cancers.
Researchers used DNA sequencing to create a family tree for individual cancer cells, revealing unique branching patterns and distinct sub-populations. This technique could help identify key mutations driving tumor growth and develop targeted treatments more effectively.
Studies reveal that comorbidities like diabetes and cardiovascular disease decrease one- and five-year survival rates for breast cancer patients. This indicates the need to reevaluate treatment approaches and optimize care for patients with concurrent diseases.
Researchers have developed a novel topical therapy targeting genetic abnormalities in deeper skin layers to improve psoriasis symptoms. The new treatment, Dual-F-NALP, has shown promising results by reducing inflammation and suppressing immune hypersensitivity.
Researchers at IMIM have discovered a new function for transcription factor Snail1 and enzyme LOXL2 in the process of Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), enabling tumor cells to invade other tissues. LOXL2 is identified as a potential therapeutic target for cancers such as breast, lung, or skin cancer.
Researchers found that simple compression bandages are as effective as expensive daily lymphatic massages in treating breast cancer-related arm swelling, known as lymphedema. The study followed over 100 women with breast cancer and found no difference between the two treatments.
The university's premier biomedical instrument is expected to provide breakthroughs in treating animal and human health conditions, including cancer. The instrument uses thermal cell therapy and high-resolution imaging to target specific cells and tumors.
Researchers identified KDM2A as a histone demethylase associated with non-small cell lung cancer. Induced KDM2A expression increased cell proliferation and invasiveness through ERK1/2 signaling pathway activation.
A minimally invasive endoscopic procedure to remove superficial, early stage esophageal cancer is as effective as surgery that takes out and rebuilds the esophagus, according to a Mayo Clinic study. The research found that patients treated by endoscopy had similar overall survival times compared to surgery.
Researchers are developing computer-aided diagnosis methods for mammograms, ultrasounds, and MRIs to identify specific tumor characteristics. This technique may also help identify genes that influence the risk of disease.
A nationwide study found that individuals with Alzheimer's are more prone to ischaemic heart diseases but undergo fewer related procedures. Despite this, reduced cognitive function was not a clear explanation for the disparity in treatment
A pilot study shows that older patients who practiced Qigong experienced significant declines in fatigue and distress. The mind-body activity, which combines slow movements with deep breathing and meditation, was found to be an effective nonpharmacological intervention for managing prostate cancer-related fatigue.
Researchers developed a breath-based test to detect lung cancer using a colorimetric sensor array that detects unique chemical signatures. The test accurately distinguished breath samples from people with lung cancer from controls.
The Endocrine Society publishes a Clinical Practice Guideline for diagnosing and treating polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a leading cause of infertility in women. The guideline provides clear criteria for diagnosis and treatment recommendations, aiming to address the complexities of this hormone disorder.
Researchers at KU Leuven developed eXtasy software that uses advanced AI to analyze genetic data and identify disease-causing mutations. The breakthrough promises faster and more accurate diagnoses for millions of people with hereditary diseases.
A new online program developed by Thomas Jefferson University researchers has shown that more patients choose active surveillance over therapy when presented with pros and cons of treatment options. The program helps patients clarify their treatment preferences and discuss options with the clinical team.
A large cohort study found that older adults who used the internet consistently were more likely to engage in cancer-preventive behaviors such as colorectal screening and regular physical activity. Conversely, intermittent internet users had lower rates of these behaviors compared to never-users.