Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
A gene expression profiling test analyzes patterns of 21 genes to predict cancer recurrence and benefit from chemotherapy. Many patients misunderstand the test's meaning, viewing it as a personalized and emotionally significant result rather than population-based statistics.
Researchers at the University of Manchester discovered a key role for protein Bid in mitosis-related cell death, which may help overcome chemotherapy resistance in colon cancer. By targeting Bid, resistant cells can be made more susceptible to treatment.
Researchers at King's College London have identified new pain relief targets that could help chemotherapy patients who suffer from persistent pain. The discovery was made by investigating how pain occurs in nerves and found that the immune system plays a key role in causing pain.
A 20-year analysis of HIPEC treatment shows significant improvement in patient outcomes for selected individuals with advanced abdominal cancer. The median overall survival was 29.9 months, with a five-year survival rate of 32.5%.
Scientists discovered a surprising collaboration between p53 and NF-kappaB proteins in immune cells, which can lead to increased inflammation. This finding may help develop new strategies to prevent inflammatory side effects of chemotherapy.
Researchers have created nanoparticles that can deliver three or more different chemotherapy drugs to cancer cells, offering new hope for more effective treatments. The particles are designed to release the drugs in response to specific triggering mechanisms, reducing side effects and increasing efficacy.
Research finds that long-term antibiotic treatment with doxycycline and hydroxychloroquine can cause significant changes in gut microbiota, leading to weight gain in nearly one quarter of patients. The study highlights the need for reduced calorie diets during long-term antibiotic treatment.
Clinical trials show chemotherapy before surgery improves muscle-invasive bladder cancer survival. Chemotherapy after surgery also increases survival rates, with a significant improvement over time.
A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials found that chemotherapy improved progression-free survival compared to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with wild-type EGFR tumors. However, overall survival did not differ between the two groups.
Researchers at the University of Southampton found that a combination of cetuximab and chemotherapy was not effective in treating advanced bowel cancer that had spread to the liver. The study, published in The Lancet Oncology, suggests that this treatment approach may even accelerate cancer progression in some cases.
A University of Colorado study shows that cancer cells can outlive chemotherapies by using autophagy, a process where cells recycle damaged parts. This finding has implications for developing drugs that inhibit autophagy to sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy.
Researchers have developed a new drug delivery method that targets cancer cells using nanoballoons encapsulating anti-cancer drugs. The nanoballoons release the drugs when struck by a red laser, limiting interactions with healthy bodily systems and reducing side effects.
A landmark study found pathological complete response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy to be an independent predictor of favorable clinical outcomes in all molecular subtypes of breast cancer. The treatment administered, taxane or non-taxane, was also shown to impact event-free survival.
Researchers measured p16 levels before, after and a year after chemotherapy to determine its impact on molecular aging. The study found that curative chemotherapy increased molecular age by an equivalent of 15 years in breast cancer patients. This suggests the p16 test may help evaluate treatment effects on long-term health and survival.
A new study found that adjuvant chemotherapy increases markers of molecular aging in the blood of BC survivors, including p16INK4a and ARF expression. These age-promoting effects may last for several years after treatment and even be permanent.
Researchers at Plant & Food Research identified falcarinol-type compounds that inhibit transport mechanisms interfering with cancer chemotherapy. These compounds, found in carrots and parsley, may complement conventional treatments to deliver better results for patients.
A new study has developed a revolutionary new drug called ZL105 that manipulates the body's natural energy systems to attack and shut down cancerous cells. The compound is based on the precious metal iridium and may be ten times more effective in treating various types of cancers.
A study of 439,628 veterans found that taking Valproic acid for at least one year lowered the risk of developing head and neck cancer by 34%. Higher doses and longer durations of use provided additional benefits with up to 16,000 new cases potentially prevented annually in the US.
Research finds that obese patients have a higher risk of cancer recurrence and metastasis after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Diabetes also affects cancer outcomes, particularly in hormone receptor-positive tumours, increasing the risk of death from all causes by 49%.
A new class of BTK inhibiting drugs has shown significant improvements in patients with terminal forms of leukemia and lymphoma. The treatment has virtually no side effects and improves a patient's life expectancy and quality of life.
Interim results show omitted radiotherapy associated with higher early relapse rates in stage I/II Hodgkin's lymphoma. The study found no significant differences in progression-free survival between standard and experimental treatment arms.
Scientists have developed 'chemosynthetic livers' that can mimic human metabolism, allowing researchers to test drug safety and interactions without animal testing. The technology has already demonstrated accurate results with over 50 pharmaceutical compounds.
Researchers at North Carolina State University developed a new technique using ATP as a trigger for targeted anti-cancer drug delivery. In laboratory tests, it increased the effectiveness of drugs targeting breast cancer, with a 3.6 times higher success rate than non-ATP techniques.
Researchers found that CT scans can predict chemotherapy effectiveness by analyzing tumor density and contrast uptake. This breakthrough could lead to personalized treatment plans for patients with pancreatic cancer.
Researchers found that several chemotherapy drugs cause hyper proliferation in stem cells, leading to tumor recurrence. The study used fruit flies as a model, discovering compounds that inhibit tumors without causing this side effect.
A new study led by the University of South Florida found that molecular subtyping can better identify women at high risk of recurrence. The method classifies breast cancer tumors into four genetically-distinct categories, providing valuable information for personalized treatment decisions.
Research finds that chemotherapy induces epigenetic changes in breast cancer patients' blood cells, leading to inflammation and symptoms like fatigue. The study identifies eight sites of methylation altered by chemotherapy, correlating with increased inflammatory signaling proteins.
Research suggests that terminally ill cancer patients who receive chemotherapy in the last months of life are more likely to undergo intensive medical care and die in an intensive care unit. The study highlights the importance of end-of-life discussions between patients and physicians.
Research suggests that palliative chemotherapy can lead to more invasive medical procedures and a higher risk of death in intensive care units among advanced cancer patients. The findings highlight the need for clearer discussion of the harms and benefits of palliative chemotherapy at the end of life.
Researchers are exploring innovative approaches, including medication like Bevacizumab and handheld optical coherence tomography, to improve vision in young children with optic pathway gliomas. These treatments have shown promising results, offering improved visual acuity and stability.
Researchers developed nanoparticles that absorb energy from infrared red wavelength and release chemotherapy drugs when triggered by two-photon laser. The delivery system shows promise for treating cancer with reduced treatment side effects and increased cancer-killing effect.
Researchers from the University of Surrey launch eSMART, a programme using mobile phone technology to remotely monitor patients undergoing chemotherapy for breast, bowel and blood cancers. The system assesses symptoms and triggers alerts to doctors or nurses within minutes.
Researchers at Tel Aviv University propose a new nanoscale drug-delivery system to tackle aggressive ovarian cancer using a cluster of nanoparticles called gagomers. The system accumulates in tumors, producing dramatic therapeutic benefits and reducing toxic accumulation in healthy organs.
A multi-site research project led by Dr. Bradley J. Monk found that women with advanced cervical cancer live an average of 17 months longer when combined with bevacizumab and chemotherapy compared to chemotherapy alone. The study reveals a significant improvement in treatment outcomes for patients with metastatic cervical cancer.
A study of 285 stage III-IV SCCOP patients found that HPV-positive patients developed distant metastases later, in more subsites, and atypical sites compared to HPV-negative patients. The most common sites were lung and bone for both groups.
Researchers discovered a new drug, spironolactone, that inhibits DNA repair mechanisms, making cancer cells more susceptible to chemotherapy. This finding has the potential to enhance cancer treatment protocols and improve patient outcomes.
Researchers have developed a biologic drug that prevents the production of HE4 protein, allowing ovarian cancer cells to grow aggressively and resist chemotherapy. The novel biologic has shown promising results in cell and animal models, increasing the potential for improved treatment and survival rates for women with ovarian cancer.
A new treatment approach has been proposed to prevent intestinal inflammation in cancer patients. Researchers suggest using IL-1b beta blocking reagents, such as Anakinra, to alleviate mucositis, a common side effect of chemotherapy and irradiation.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide found that grape seed extract improves chemotherapy's potency and reduces intestinal damage in laboratory studies. Grape seed extracts showed no side effects on healthy intestine, decreased inflammation by up to 55%, and increased growth-inhibitory effects on colon cancer cells.
Researchers discovered that altering chemotherapy drugs to react only with palladium could minimize damage to healthy cells. By implanting devices coated with palladium into tumours, the drugs would become activated only where needed, potentially reducing side effects.
Researchers have developed 'smart' gold nanoshells that target cancer cells specifically, delivering anticancer drugs and converting near-infrared light into heat. This breakthrough could lead to more effective cancer treatments by overcoming the limitation of traditional chemotherapy techniques.
Researchers at NYU Langone Health have found a biological weakness in mutant K-Ras, the most commonly mutated gene involved in human cancers. By blocking the activity of related genes H-Ras and N-Ras, chemotherapy drug irinotecan can stall tumor growth.
Scientists at Weill Cornell Medical College have found that a twice-daily pill, idelalisib, can turn deadly blood cancer into a highly treatable disease. The study suggests that patients with CLL may avoid debilitating chemotherapy, leading to significant side effects and death.
A 10.4-year median follow-up study by EORTC trial 22921 found that adjuvant chemotherapy does not improve survival or disease-free survival for cT3-resectable T4 M0 rectal cancer patients, highlighting the need for new treatment strategies.
Researchers found that chronic preoperative pain, chemotherapy, and depression were linked to persistent pain in breast cancer patients 12 months post-surgery. The study included over 800 women with nonmetastasized breast cancer treated between 2006-2010.
A new study from the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center found that surgery significantly improves survival rates and functional outcomes for patients with advanced oral cavity cancer. In contrast, those who received chemotherapy after initial treatment had poorer results.
A phase III clinical trial presented at the 2013 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium found that bisphosphonate zoledronate had no effect on event-free survival in women with chemoresistant breast cancer. Researchers also reported that patients with hormone receptor-positive disease were more common, which may impact treatment outcomes.
A randomized, phase II clinical trial found that adding carboplatin and/or bevacizumab to standard presurgery chemotherapy increased the number of patients with no residual cancer detected at surgery. The study showed significant increases in pathologic complete response rates for patients treated with these combinations.
A new trial found that adding chemotherapy carboplatin and the molecularly targeted drug veliparib to standard presurgery chemotherapy improved pathologic complete response rates for patients with triple-negative breast cancer. The study's adaptive design showed a 92% predictive probability of success in a phase III trial.
A nationwide study found that adding carboplatin to standard chemotherapy significantly increased tumor shrinkage in patients with triple-negative breast cancer. The results suggest that carboplatin could be used as an alternative or addition to current treatments.
A phase III clinical trial found that switching to a different chemotherapy did not improve overall survival or time to progression for women with metastatic breast cancer and elevated circulating tumor cells. Patients with low CTCs before starting chemotherapy had a median overall survival of 35 months, while those with elevated CTCs ...
A new CRISPR approach enables researchers to study the entire genome at once, identifying genes essential for cell survival and potential cancer-causing genes. The technology could lead to more efficient and reliable alternatives to RNA interference, enabling targeted cancer treatments.
Researchers found that women with HER2-positive breast cancer who had high levels of immune cells in their tumors gained the most benefit from presurgery treatment with chemotherapy and trastuzumab. This biomarker can help identify patients most likely to benefit from this therapy.
A new gene sequencing project identifies a family of drugs that enhance oxidative stress to kill rhabdomyosarcoma tumor cells and boost chemotherapy effectiveness. The study offers hope for treating this aggressive childhood cancer, particularly for patients with recurrent disease.
A nationwide study led by Children's Mercy researcher found that adding a monoclonal antibody called gemtuzumab to standard chemotherapy significantly reduced the risk of relapse and increased disease-free survival rates in children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The treatment was most effective in patients at high risk of relapse.
Medical researchers at the University of Alberta found that one chemotherapy drug prevents another from working, making combination therapy ineffective. This discovery will guide oncologists on how to combine or avoid certain drugs, ultimately leading to better treatment options for patients.
A study led by Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center researchers found that carbon monoxide can prevent tumor growth and amplify chemotherapy's effects, sparing healthy tissue. The findings suggest CO induces an 'anti-Warburg' effect, fueling cancer cell bioenergetics until metabolic exhaustion.
Scientists from the University of Granada have developed a technique that uses circulating tumour cells and genetic markers to predict patient response to chemotherapy. This study has been awarded at the 9th International Symposium on Minimal Residual Cancer in Paris.
The study shows that cyclophosphamide's effectiveness is enhanced by the immune response triggered by certain beneficial gut bacteria. The intestinal microbiota plays a crucial role in modulating the anticancer immune effects of chemotherapy.
A groundbreaking discovery in 1993 led to the development of a cancer treatment, Erivedge, which targets the hedgehog signaling pathway. The breakthrough was made by researchers investigating fundamental mechanisms regulating vertebrate brain development.