Articles tagged with Chemotherapy
A blood test identified patients with advanced colorectal cancer who could benefit from a more intensive chemotherapy regimen, reducing hair loss and other side effects. The study found that patients with higher counts of circulating tumour cells in their blood responded better to treatment.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital found that measuring residual leukemia cells in patient bone marrow during early weeks of chemotherapy helps identify high-risk patients who need intensive therapy. The technique improved survival rates for young leukemia patients, with 93.5% alive five years after diagnosis.
A phase 3 trial shows that brentuximab vedotin significantly increases progression-free survival in adults with hard-to-treat Hodgkin lymphoma. The drug was found to be well-tolerated, with side effects including peripheral neuropathy and neutropenia.
A protein called MG53 is necessary for the repair of injured kidney cells, according to a study published in Science Translational Medicine. The discovery could lead to new preventive or therapeutic treatments for acute kidney failure, which affects over 30 million Americans.
The use of the 21-gene recurrence score assay increased from 1.1% to 10.1% among Medicare beneficiaries diagnosed with breast cancer between 2005 and 2009. The majority of tests were performed in patients with intermediate-risk disease, and rates of chemotherapy remained similar during this period.
Researchers have developed nanocarriers that selectively release drugs in lung tumor areas, improving treatment efficacy by 10-25 times compared to traditional methods. This approach also reduces the total dose of medicines, minimizing undesirable effects.
A study published in The New England Journal of Medicine found that adding goserelin to chemotherapy regimens can significantly reduce the risk of early menopause and improve fertility in young breast cancer patients. Women who took goserelin had a higher pregnancy rate and were more likely to deliver healthy babies.
Women treated with goserelin during chemotherapy experienced an 8% ovarian failure rate compared to 22% for the control group. Goserelin also improved pregnancy rates by 21% within 5 years post-treatment.
Researchers at TSRI have published two studies showing how ABC transporters like P-gp change shape and react to therapeutic drugs. The findings provide clues for designing better molecules to inhibit or evade multidrug resistance.
Researchers found that patients who received chemotherapy after bladder cancer surgery had improved overall survival rates compared to those who underwent surgery alone. The study analyzed over 5,600 patients and demonstrated a significant reduction in mortality risk.
The study, which analyzed data from the National Cancer Data Base, found that 59% of women who received pre-surgery chemotherapy had breast conservation therapy. Women with larger tumors were also more likely to opt for pre-surgery chemotherapy and lumpectomy versus mastectomy.
A common antibiotic, clarithromycin, has shown potential as an anti-cancer agent when used in combination with other drugs. Low- and middle-income countries may play a key role in developing this treatment, which could lead to improved patient outcomes.
A small prospective study found no significant difference in treatment outcomes between patients with AR-V7-positive and -negative metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer who received taxane chemotherapy. PSA responses were achieved in 41% of both groups.
A new type of self-healing hydrogel has been developed by MIT chemical engineers that can carry one or two drugs at a time. The gel consists of a mesh network made of nanoparticles and polymers that can be injected through a syringe and released over several days, targeting specific tissues and allowing for long-term drug delivery.
A study published in JAMA Oncology found that at least one clinically relevant genomic alteration was present in most samples tested, suggesting a potential for personalized therapy. The research analyzed 200 cancer of unknown primary site (CUP) samples and identified 169 specimens with potentially targetable genomic alterations.
Researchers from Brigham and Women's Hospital discovered that targeting cancer cells immediately after chemotherapy can make them more vulnerable to treatment. The 'one-two punch' approach involves administering two drugs simultaneously or sequentially, increasing the effectiveness of cancer therapy.
G1 Therapeutics, a UNC-Chapel Hill spinout, has secured $33 million in Series B funding to accelerate clinical development of its lead CDK4/6 inhibitor for cancer treatment. The company aims to develop more effective and less toxic methods to treat patients with cancer.
Research suggests that immuosuppressives and anti-cancer drugs can reanimate hepatitis B in previously infected individuals, according to a study published in Hepatology. The study authors emphasize the importance of routine screening for HBV before starting treatment with immunosuppressives or anti-cancer drugs.
Two major studies strengthen the case for abiraterone as a treatment option for men with advanced prostate cancer. The trials found that receiving abiraterone before chemotherapy significantly extended men's lives by an average of four months, compared to those who did not receive it.
Researchers have developed a new technique called iontophoresis that delivers high concentrations of chemotherapy directly to tumors, reducing the risk of damaging healthy tissue. This technology has the potential to improve treatment outcomes for cancer patients by allowing for more potent anti-cancer drugs to be used.
A new study published in Journal of Clinical Oncology finds that ultrasound can help surgeons decide whether to remove only a few or all underarm lymph nodes from breast cancer patients who have received chemotherapy, reducing the risk of complications and saving healthcare costs.
Researchers discovered a new way to shrink ovarian cancer tumors by inhibiting abnormal angiogenesis. Using a naturally occurring protein inhibitor called 3TSR, the approach improved chemotherapy drug delivery and resulted in significant tumor regression and survival.
A study found that multiplexed genetic screening for EGFR and ALK gene rearrangements followed by molecularly-guided treatment is cost-effective compared to standard chemotherapy. The approach offers better outcomes in terms of quality-adjusted life years gained and life-years, making it a valuable option for patients with NSCLC.
A recent study by OIST researchers used chemogenetic inhibition to suppress neuronal activity in zebra finches, showing that the arcopallium region controls song composition but not order or timing. This precise technique provides a detailed understanding of how unique neurons coordinate vocalization.
Researchers found that attaching chemotherapy drug Epirubicin to nanodiamonds effectively eliminates chemoresistant cancer stem cells. The study demonstrates the use of nanotechnology to repurpose existing chemotherapy drugs as effective agents against chemoresistant cancer stem cells.
Researchers found that endothelial cells, the cells lining blood vessels, play a more active role in tumor growth than previously thought. A combination therapy involving anti-Angiopoietin-2 and metronomic chemotherapy showed promising results in reducing metastatic growth and improving survival rates in mice.
A study found that entecavir significantly reduced the incidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatitis and HBV reactivation among patients receiving rituximab-based chemotherapy. The rates were lower in the entecavir group compared to the lamivudine group, with significant reductions in HBV-related complications.
Research shows adding chemotherapy drug carboplatin or blood vessel-targeting drug bevacizumab to standard preoperative chemotherapy increases pathologic complete response rates for women with basal-like triple-negative breast cancer. The drugs also showed benefits in certain gene signatures associated with aggressive disease.
Researchers identified increased risk of jaw bone disease in patients taking osteoporosis medications, anticancer drugs, or glucocorticoids. Prevention strategies include good oral hygiene, antibiotics, and surgical treatments to protect at-risk individuals.
Researchers developed a fast and accurate method for screening cancer drugs using gold nanoparticles, allowing for rapid profiling of various anti-cancer drugs and their mechanisms. This new sensor system uses three-channel detection to identify specific cell death mechanisms, enabling the determination of drug mechanisms in minutes.
Researchers found that trastuzumab benefits HER2-positive breast cancer patients do not depend on the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (S-TILs) in their tumors. The study, which measured S-TILs at diagnosis in over 1,000 patients, showed improved recurrence-free survival when chemotherapy alone was used.
Researchers identified two subtypes of breast cancer, Epi-Basal and Epi-Luminal B, which differ in their epigenetic patterns. The subtype Epi-Luminal B is associated with reduced survival rates and requires adjuvant chemotherapy.
Researchers identified two compounds that inhibit mitochondrial energy enzyme MDH2, blocking cardiac damage caused by doxorubicin and reducing heart failure risk. The findings suggest that these compounds could improve cancer treatment outcomes while minimizing cardiac toxicity.
A team of researchers has discovered a way to make triple-negative breast cancer cells susceptible to chemotherapy by inhibiting the HIF protein network. The study found that HIF inhibitors can decrease tumor size and prevent relapse in mice, offering new hope for treatment-resistant patients.
Market-access agreements for anti-cancer drugs lack transparency, leading to higher prices for patients in small and low-income countries. The financial arrangements between pharmaceutical manufacturers and health systems are kept confidential, making it difficult for these countries to negotiate lower prices.
Researchers have discovered novel combinations of targeted therapies and chemotherapy regimens that improve survival outcomes for patients with historically poor-prognosis leukemia. These findings, presented at the American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting, offer new hope for elderly and aggressive genetic mutation patients.
A late-stage clinical trial demonstrated that brentuximab vedotin can improve progression-free survival and overall survival in patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma after autologous stem cell transplant. The study showed a 20% improvement in progression-free survival rate and high response rates among patients.
Researchers have developed a novel approach to drug screening that could more precisely tailor chemotherapy to a patient's individual blood cancer type. By correcting for the matrix effect, Shin and Mooney believe their approach could identify a subset of drugs that will be more likely to be effective against chronic myeloid leukemias.
Researchers have developed a new technique to wrap chemotherapy drugs in fatty covers called liposomes, reducing heart damage and improving cardiac function. The study found that the group receiving Myocet had better diastolic and systolic function compared to conventional doxorubicin, with less fibrosis development.
A recent study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that crizotinib significantly improves symptoms and delays cancer growth in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. The trial involved 343 previously untreated patients, showing promising results without unexpected side effects.
Researchers at UNC School of Medicine found that the chemotherapy drug topotecan suppresses a gene essential for normal brain function, leading to neurological side effects like memory loss and confusion. The effects are reversible upon removal of the drug, suggesting a potential link to autism.
Researchers found that cancer stem cells regrow and respond to chemotherapy-induced damage by releasing prostaglandin E2, leading to therapy resistance. Blocking PGE2 could potentially enhance therapeutic response, offering a promising new treatment for bladder cancer.
Breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and immediate breast reconstruction are at risk of thrombotic complications, which can delay or modify reconstructive plans. In some cases, these complications require anticoagulation therapy and may necessitate additional surgeries.
Researchers at the University of Adelaide have discovered that cancer cells with chromosomal instability are vulnerable to mild metabolic disruption, making them a potential target for new therapy. The study's findings suggest that targeting these unstable cells could lead to more effective treatments with fewer side effects.
A £600,000 grant from Cancer Research UK will fund a research study investigating the efficacy of BTK inhibiting drugs in treating mantle cell lymphoma. The trial will compare these new drugs to standard chemotherapy and aim to improve life expectancy and quality of life for patients.
Scientists from Queen Mary University of London have developed a new therapy for advanced bladder cancer, showing significant tumor shrinkage in patients. The treatment, MPDL3280A, has been given breakthrough therapy designation status by the US FDA and has promising results in a phase one clinical trial.
Researchers at University of Cincinnati have found a Food and Drug Administration-approved therapy effective in treating older and African American patients with non-small cell lung cancer. The study suggests that gefitinib improves quality of life and outcomes for this subgroup of patients, who often face limited treatment options.
Researchers have developed a potent and systematic AC inhibitor, tilting the balance between pro-aging/death and pro-life chemical signals in favor of death. The compound may be used as 'chemosensitizers' to enhance anti-tumoral drug efficacy.
A novel combination therapy using low-dose chemotherapy with an antiangiogenic treatment, 3TSR, improved survival rates in an animal model of ovarian cancer. The treatment resulted in tumor regression, improved blood flow, and more efficient delivery of chemotherapy drugs with reduced side effects.
Researchers have developed a computational model to design fusion proteins that target cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy cells. The model predicts the behavior of these proteins and can help identify promising candidates for drug testing.
A new review reveals that anti-cancer drugs must obtain regulatory approval, change physician prescription habits and gain patient compliance before being incorporated into daily practice.
Researchers at University of Guelph found a potential breakthrough in treating late-stage ovarian cancer by shrinking tumours and improving drug delivery. This approach may lead to novel treatment options with reduced morbidity and mortality.
Researchers at Ohio State University have discovered a promising therapy combining an oncolytic virus with doxorubicin to treat advanced or recurrent ovarian cancer. The treatment showed significant antitumor activity in animal models, increasing survival and inducing programmed cell death in cancer cells.
A recent study published in the British Journal of Surgery found that extending surgical resection after two cycles of chemotherapy may be beneficial for some pediatric patients with hepatoblastoma. The research, conducted at Children's Hospital Los Angeles, suggests a potential reduction in complications from chemotherapy.
Researchers at Paxman Coolers and the University of Huddersfield are developing new scalp cooling technology to improve hair preservation rates among cancer patients. The project aims to increase hair retention from 50% to 80%, with the goal of reducing hair loss during chemotherapy.
Research at Children's Hospital Los Angeles found that obese patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia are more than twice as likely to have minimal residual disease, a strong predictor of long-term survival and disease recurrence. The study suggests modifying chemotherapy regimens for obese patients may improve outcomes.
A new study found that nearly two-thirds of patients treated for stage 3 colorectal cancer reported some measure of financial burden due to their treatment. The burden was greatest among patients who received chemotherapy and younger patients in low-paying jobs.
Scientists at Brigham Young University have discovered two proteins that trigger autophagy in cancer cells, offering a potential therapeutic avenue for targeted treatment. The study's unique approach led to the identification of a protein pair responsible for switching on autophagy under stress conditions.
Recent trends in cancer drug spending show a significant increase, with hospitals profiting from discounted prices through the 340B program. Researchers found that hospitals serving more affluent communities increased their profits, while patients may not receive the intended discounts.
Researchers have identified a class of chemical compounds that make cancer cells more sensitive to chemotherapeutic drugs. The compounds, referred to as T8, specifically target the protein disulfide isomerase enzyme and induce programmed cell death in rapidly dividing cancer cells.