Articles tagged with Drug Therapy
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The TB burden in Europe is decreasing, with a 19% overall decline from 2015-2019. However, drug resistance remains a major concern, and the COVID-19 pandemic may stall or cause setbacks in the fight against TB. Treatment outcomes are suboptimal, with only 77% of patients successfully completing treatment in 2019.
A study analysis found that daily vosoritide treatment for two years improves height gain and body proportionality in children with achondroplasia. This is the first robust evidence of a precision therapy for this condition, which typically affects short stature and bone growth.
Researchers are developing an ocular drug delivery system based on RNA nanotechnology to deliver therapeutics into the eye without requiring eye injections. This method aims to create a reservoir for medications to treat diseases over time, reducing adverse effects and increasing treatment efficiency.
The European Lung Cancer Virtual Congress 2021 will showcase new perspectives in treating small cell lung cancer and mesothelioma, as well as management options for non-small cell lung cancer. More than 200 studies will be presented, with a focus on immunotherapy and lung cancer prevention.
A randomized clinical trial found that participants experiencing homelessness and alcohol use disorder showed significant improvements in reducing drinking and improving health through behavioral harm reduction treatment. The study suggests that traditional abstinence-based treatment may not be effective for this population.
Researchers from NIH's National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases have developed a human cerebral organoid model to screen drugs for potential treatment of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease, a fatal neurodegenerative brain disease. The model has shown promise in reducing disease indicators by 10-fold without causing tissue death.
The FDA has qualified the DIBSS-C, a patient-reported outcome measure, to assess symptom-based efficacy endpoints in IBS-C clinical trials. This qualification reflects FDA's commitment to patient-focused drug development and is a major milestone for the IBS Working Group.
New research suggests that unfair police treatment is associated with detrimental outcomes such as depression, suicidal thoughts, drug use, and loss of self-efficacy. The study used a nationally representative sample of over 12,000 participants and found significant disparities in the consequences faced by white and Black people.
A new study aims to explore the cause and therapeutic treatment for left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy (LVNC), also known as a 'spongy heart'. The research, led by University of Houston pharmacologist Mingfu Wu, seeks to determine how heart muscle fails to compact and develop medicines to reduce symptoms.
Fungal infections are rare but deadly, with limited treatment options due to resistance. Developing new antifungals is challenging due to biological similarities between humans and fungi.
Researchers identified various molecular pathways and predictive biomarkers of drug resistance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Tailored therapies can improve prognosis for patients with refractory disease, particularly those with specific clinical features.
Researchers developed a new method called biological activity-based modeling (BABM) to identify promising drug compounds. BABM uses a compound's activity patterns to predict its effectiveness against a new target or in a new drug assay.
Moffitt researchers found that epithelial and mesenchymal subtypes of lung cancer cells respond differently to KRASG12C inhibitor therapy, with varying levels of sensitivity. The study suggests that targeting alternative signaling pathways, such as HER2 and FGFR1, may enhance treatment efficacy.
In a major advance, CAR T-cell therapy ide-cel has generated deep, sustained remissions in patients who had relapsed from several previous therapies. Almost 75% of participants responded to the therapy, and one-third had a complete response or disappearance of all signs of their cancer.
The ESMO Targeted Anticancer Therapies Congress 2021 presented new data on drug discovery and development for a range of targets, including precision medicine. World-renowned experts discussed breakthroughs in the microbiome and oncolytic viruses, highlighting their potential as tools and targets.
A Phase 3 clinical trial showed that a new medication, avacopan, is more effective than treatment with glucocorticoids in keeping patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis in remission for a year. Avacopan appears to work rapidly and may prevent the accumulation of disease-related damage.
Scientists at JAIST have created a photosynthetic bacteria-based cancer optotheranostics, using NIR light-driven PPSB as an effective theranostic material for deep tumor treatments. The approach offers high tumor specificity, non-pathogenicity, and multifunctional capabilities without genetic manipulations or chemical functionalizations.
The study found that cell turnover and cost of resistance are important factors impacting adaptive therapy success, with higher cell density and smaller pre-existing resistance levels doing better under adaptive conditions. Researchers developed a mathematical model to visualize the dynamics of cell populations and competition between ...
Researchers have discovered a new target for developing a drug treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes. Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) regulates body weight and food intake via a receptor in the brain, according to a recent study published in Cell Metabolism.
The use of nanocarrier drug delivery systems can improve the bioavailability, stability and aqueous solubility of natural drugs. Four plant materials from China, including Epimedium, Rehmannia glutinosa, Panax ginseng and Angelica sinensis, are discussed in this review article.
Researchers have developed targeted ultrasound techniques to treat various brain diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and stroke. The new methods aim to improve brain functions by activating functional neurons without significant side effects.
Researchers discovered a potential treatment approach for Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome by blocking the ICMT protein, which improves affected cells without hindering growth and division. The study found that treating HGPS cells with C75, an ICMT inhibitor, delays cell deterioration and stimulates growth.
A new study found that childhood trauma can increase susceptibility to multiple sclerosis and reduce responsiveness to treatment. The researchers discovered a key immune system receptor that triggers the disease progression when activated by stress hormones.
Researchers have developed a treatment that allows patients with spinal cord injuries to regain control of their blood pressure, reducing the risk of life-threatening consequences. The treatment uses biomimetic electrical stimulation to adapt to real-time blood-pressure measurements and restore hemodynamic balance.
A randomized clinical trial found that azacitidine as a maintenance treatment significantly improves relapse-free survival and overall survival in patients with AML. Patients treated with oral azacitidine had a median relapse-free survival of 10.2 months, compared to 4.8 months for placebo recipients.
A new drug target for schizophrenia will be assessed using a technical approach developed by researchers from the University of Oxford and Earlham Institute. The goal is to identify proteins that may represent promising targets for treatment, which could lead to improved understanding and development of novel treatments.
A study found that Anastrozole-induced bone loss partially reverses, especially at the lumbar spine, when treatment is stopped. The results suggest improved bone health, encouraging physicians to weigh risks and benefits in high-risk women eligible for the drug.
The UAB team created hollow polymer capsules that can track cancer drug delivery using PET imaging, targeting solid tumors and releasing anticancer drugs upon rupture. The system overcomes limitations in current PET-guided theranostic agents with stable zirconium-89 binding.
Researchers found that people with Parkinson's disease who have visual problems are more likely to develop dementia, with underlying changes in brain wiring explaining the connection. Vision tests may provide a window of opportunity to predict Parkinson's dementia before it begins.
A new study found that naltrexone use decreases the risk of hospitalization due to alcohol use disorder, while benzodiazepine use is associated with increased mortality and hospitalization. Only about a fourth of persons diagnosed with AUD used any medications, highlighting under-utilization of treatment options.
Researchers have identified ferroptosis resistance as a critical issue in cancer treatment, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic strategies. The study integrates current understanding of signaling mechanisms to develop targeted treatments for therapy-resistant cancers.
Researchers successfully used DNA-editing to extend the lifespan of mice with progeria by correcting the accelerating aging disorder. The treatment restored normal DNA sequences in various organs and improved mouse lifespans from seven months to nearly 1.5 years.
Researchers investigate whether early prescription of metformin can prevent weight gain in children and teens diagnosed with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. The study aims to identify patient subgroups who will benefit from early intervention, aiming to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
A National Eye Institute-supported clinical study found that surgical and injectable drug approaches are equally effective in treating bleeding inside the eye from proliferative diabetic retinopathy. Most participants needed both treatments to improve vision over two years. The findings provide useful guidance for clinicians managing p...
A new study published in the American Journal of Psychiatry suggests that a progesterone receptor modulator may be an effective treatment for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). The treatment showed significant improvement in mental symptoms, with half of women experiencing complete relief.
Achieving target body temperature quickly is vital for patients with witnessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, leading to more favorable neurological outcomes. Extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) shows promise as a treatment option when combined with ECMO.
A team of researchers at the University of South Florida has discovered that Sesn2 protein, which protects the heart from stress, diminishes in levels over time, weakening the heart and increasing the risk of heart attack. This finding holds promise for developing new therapeutic treatments to maintain healthy cardiac function.
The metabolic state of a disease-causing parasite influences its resistance to current drugs, according to a new study published in eLife. The research found that the sensitivity of amastigotes to azole drugs increases significantly in the presence of certain concentrations of glutamine.
A new study found that cancer drug treatment registrations in the UK increased by June 2020, following 'rapid' NHS guidance. The initial decrease in April was largely reversed by May and June, with a significant increase in neoadjuvant breast cancer therapy registrations.
Researchers found previously unknown changes in brain networks after polio and neurological diseases like MND/ALS, suggesting abnormal communication between muscles and brain. The study increases understanding of brain plasticity and its implications for rehabilitation and new biomarker development.
A case of in-stent thrombosis (IST) occurred in an 81-year-old man undergoing coronary bypass grafting, highlighting the complexity of antiplatelet therapy choice and genetic testing in IST risk evaluation. The patient experienced IST after converting from ticagrelor to clopidogrel therapy.
Researchers at CeMM have developed a scalable method to study hundreds of proteins in parallel, enabling the observation of changes in protein levels and localization in real-time. This approach has potential applications in discovering new drug treatments and understanding proteome dynamics.
Researchers found abnormal levels of cytokines in patients with untreated sleep apnea, suggesting a link between poor sleep and immune system disorders. The study aims to improve treatment approaches for obstructive sleep apnea and its associated autoimmune diseases.
A remote disease management program improved clinical outcomes for 3,939 patients with uncontrolled LDL cholesterol and 1,437 patients with high blood pressure. The program achieved significant reductions in LDL cholesterol (42%) and blood pressure levels (14/6mmHg) in participants.
A recent analysis found limited research evaluating depression screening tools in patients with kidney failure. The most extensively studied tool was the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), but many studies were small and had shortcomings.
A new study found that Black patients are less likely to have their treatment for high blood pressure intensified, despite having more missed clinic appointments. This racial disparity may account for a significant contributor to poor health outcomes among Black Americans.
Researchers have identified a new class of sedatives that could enhance the effectiveness of radiation and immunotherapy treatments for metastatic melanoma, reducing toxic side effects. In animal models, these treatments resulted in improved infiltration of immune cells into tumors, shrinking or eliminating cancerous growths.
A modeling study estimates that treatments with ICERs above $100,000 to $150,000 per QALY are unlikely to be considered cost-effective for the US healthcare system. The study suggests that spending less on low-effectiveness treatments could allow more funding for treatments with larger health gains.
A new study examines local attitudes towards Chagas disease and its transmission, highlighting the need for culturally sensitive campaigns. The findings suggest that social and cultural factors play a significant role in shaping public perception, particularly regarding preventive measures and treatment options.
A new study at Boston Medical Center found that the common treatment bevacizumab for diabetic macular edema is less effective for Black patients compared to white and Hispanic individuals. This disparity underscores the importance of increasing diversity in clinical trials to develop treatments tailored to all patient groups.
A randomized trial comparing a nano-coated coronary stent with shorter dual anti-platelet therapy (DAPT) to a drug-eluting stent (DES) with guideline-recommended DAPT duration found no reduction in bleeding or thrombotic events. The study included 996 patients and found the rate of bleeding in the test group was 7.5% compared to 8.9% i...
A key blood marker of cancer could be used to select the most effective treatment for melanoma, according to an Edith Cowan University study. The discovery has the potential to improve melanoma survival rates by identifying patients who may benefit from more aggressive treatments.
A new molecular concept dubbed 'range selectivity' allows for targeted drug delivery to diseased cells with high specificity, reducing side effects. By identifying specific receptor densities, researchers can develop nano-sized drug carriers that attach only to diseased cells.
Researchers found that spinal cord stimulation decreased pain and reduced motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease patients by an average of 59% and 12%, respectively. The therapy also showed promise in improving functional mobility and balance.
Researchers at Ohio State University have developed soft robots that can be controlled by magnetic fields, allowing for faster and less invasive delivery of medications. The 'soft' component of the robot is crucial, as it eliminates the need for motors, controllers, and tethers.
A European survey found that a majority of men and women aged 20-70 do not know what erectile dysfunction (ED) is, with one in four having never heard of ED treatments. The study emphasizes the need for open communication about ED to break the taboo and improve treatment outcomes.
Research from Aarhus University shows that systematic parental training can significantly improve the quality of life for preschool children with ADHD. The study found that treatment without medication led to improved psychosocial scores and increased self-confidence among parents, resulting in better social skills for the children.
Researchers at Yale have identified a possible treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) by targeting the 'undruggable' enzyme MKP5. The team found that a compound blocking the enzyme's activity in muscle cells suggests a promising new therapeutic strategy for treating DMD.
A systematic review of published evidence found that treating hypertension reduces the risk of orthostatic hypotension. Lowering blood pressure targets can mitigate this condition in adults with hypertension, regardless of age or health status.
Researchers developed a combination treatment using gas embolization and chemotherapy, achieving tumor regression and reducing regrowth in hepatocellular carcinoma models. The method is less invasive and more precise than traditional treatments.