Articles tagged with Disease Prevention
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that mRNA vaccines show better protection against COVID-19 variants compared to viral vector vaccines. The research, conducted among healthcare workers, revealed higher neutralizing antibody responses in mRNA vaccine recipients against VOCs, including Omicron.
Researchers investigate how enzymes regulate metabolism, weight gain, and liver disease, revealing diet's significant role in obesity and altered lipid profiles. The study also shows that age affects metabolic processes, leading to weight gain, increased fat storage, and unhealthy liver changes.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in asymptomatic adults who do not recognize or report respiratory symptoms. This decision is based on a lack of evidence showing the benefit of screening in preventing future cardiovascular events.
Researchers argue that national strategies ignore pandemic's early lessons on chronic diseases and their disproportionate impact on underserved populations. They recommend incorporating prevention and control of chronic diseases into existing policies.
A study of 4,177 Black women found that higher education levels were associated with lower allostatic loads, indicating reduced chronic stress. Women with college degrees had lower rates of high blood pressure, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
A new study suggests that reducing daily sedentary time by just one hour a day can have significant health benefits in three months. The intervention group showed improvements in blood sugar regulation, insulin sensitivity, and liver health compared to the control group.
A new study using a citizen science board of people affected by Long Covid identifies key research areas, including treatment, diagnosis, and disease management. The findings highlight the need for clear diagnoses and access to care that meets their multidimensional needs.
A six-step framework for improving disease surveillance in remote areas of low- and middle-income countries aims to address pandemics early, saving human lives. The framework incorporates mobile-phone applications, increased clinical and diagnostic capacity, national and global integration to transform data into actionable interventions.
A study led by Richard Isaacson found that individualized, multi-domain interventions improved cognition and reduced Alzheimer's risk in both men and women. Women demonstrated greater improvements in certain risk scores and biomarkers compared to men.
A new study indicates that artificial intelligence can accurately predict who will develop pancreatic cancer based on pre-diagnostic CT scan images. The AI tool was trained to analyze textural differences in the pancreas and achieved an accuracy rate of 86% in identifying those who would eventually develop the disease.
A University of Gothenburg study found that a single visit to a health coach can deteriorate perceived health in 50-year-olds. After one hour-long session, participants reported worse changes in overall wellbeing, physical and mental health compared to those who received no treatment.
Research reveals that an imbalance in gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, may contribute to the development and progression of Parkinson's disease. Studies found a direct correlation between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's, with certain bacteria contributing to protein aggregation and neuronal damage.
A University of Houston program successfully reduces social isolation among seniors by connecting them with UH students in social work and nursing. Weekly telephone interactions establish trust, resulting in a decrease in loneliness and an increase in participants' well-being.
A new study by CUNY SPH researchers found that nearly 40% of NYC parents are hesitant to vaccinate their young children against COVID-19, with many citing safety concerns. The study suggests that mandates may be key in increasing vaccine coverage among children.
A multistate outbreak in 10 European countries linked to chocolate products has been linked to monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium, primarily affecting young children. The outbreak strain demonstrated a multidrug-resistant profile, highlighting the importance of including uncommon AMR profiles in early international communications.
Researchers have found that the meningococcal B vaccine is 33% effective against gonorrhoea in adolescents and young adults. The study aims to reduce not only gonorrhoea infection but also its long-term effects, such as infertility and blindness in babies born to infected mothers.
A new study suggests that exercise helps maintain brain health by keeping insulin and body mass index levels low. People with higher physical activity had a higher total volume of grey matter in their brains than those with less activity.
Researchers found a higher number of small HDL particles in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with better cognitive performance and lower risk for Alzheimer's disease. These particles may play a key role in clearing amyloid beta peptides, which contribute to the disease.
Researchers found a strong association between chronic rhinosinusitis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, with CRS diagnoses preceding bronchiectasis by an average of six years. Early treatment of sinus disease may offer therapeutic strategies for preventing bronchiectasis.
Current guidelines for treating women's obesity, hypertension and diabetes are based on men's studies. Researchers call for sex-specific guidelines to accurately treat these conditions in women, as they have different risk factors and manifestations.
A study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports suggests that damage to the blood-brain barrier is the determining cause of Alzheimer's disease. The Lipid Invasion Model proposes that lipids entering the brain due to barrier damage lead to brain shrinkage, amyloid plaques, and tau tangles, characteristic of the disease.
Researchers recruited 300 home cooks to assess the impact of washing poultry on kitchen contamination. Despite interventions aimed at reducing contamination, participants showed similar levels of contamination regardless of whether they washed their chicken or not.
Researchers investigate how mushrooms improve gut health and provide a preventive buffer against disease in Western-style diets. The study aims to understand the role of Turicibacter in dietary obesity and gut health, as well as the potential benefits of incorporating oyster mushrooms into diet.
A machine-learning algorithm detected potential signs of colorectal cancer in high-risk patients who missed routine screenings. The algorithm identified patients as high-risk by analyzing age, gender, and recent CBC results, and subsequent screenings showed significant findings in 70% of the flagged group.
A new analysis reveals that salt substitutes are not only effective in reducing stroke risk but also cost-saving, with costs outweighing the cost of the intervention. The study found a 14% reduction in stroke risk and 13% reduction in strokes and heart attacks combined.
Mayo Clinic researchers propose a novel computational model that links Alzheimer's disease symptoms to brain anatomy, revealing a complex relationship between mental processing and brain function. The model uses machine learning to analyze patient brain imaging data and compresses complex brain anatomy into a conceptual framework.
A newly discovered small molecule, N-0385, has been found to inhibit entry of the virus into cells, protecting mice from infection prior to exposure and providing effective treatment up to 12 hours after. The treatment holds promise for preventing disease and reducing severity with a few single daily doses.
Teréza Hough, CEO of the National Osteoporosis Foundation South Africa, has been awarded the IOF CNS Medal for her outstanding contributions to bone health advocacy. Her work in raising awareness and advancing education among the public and healthcare professionals in South Africa is recognized globally.
Professor Elaine Dennison has been awarded the IOF Olof Johnell Science Award for her significant work in musculoskeletal aging, osteoporosis, and metabolic bone diseases. She is recognized as an internationally renowned clinician, researcher, and educator.
Professor Antonio Cherubini has made significant contributions to the field of geriatric medicine and musculoskeletal diseases. He is recognized for his work on aging, bone health, and age-related diseases.
The Virtual WCO-IOF-ESCEO 2022 Congress will feature leading experts on osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, and musculoskeletal diseases, with a focus on new clinical research and advances in prevention and patient care. Prestigious awards will also be presented.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation awarded five young researchers for their groundbreaking work on the role of nutrition in musculoskeletal health. The winners, from Australia, India, and Switzerland, were recognized for their studies on vitamin K1 intake, calcium sources, and dietary inflammatory index.
A retrospective study found that cases of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease increased since before the COVID-19 pandemic. Late-night meals and higher alcohol intake were identified as independent predictors of developing MAFLD, especially among working-age individuals.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation awarded Professor Thierry Thomas the IOF Committee of Scientific Advisors (CSA) Medal of Achievement for his outstanding scientific contributions to osteoporosis. The award recognizes his work on secondary fracture prevention and post-fracture care coordination programs.
A consensus reached by a lung clinical community highlighted international disparities in management and outcomes of patients with lung cancer. The roadmap provides key actions to homogenize practices, facilitate earlier diagnosis, and offer equitable access to care.
A new study found that clinics with higher FIT completion rates had added staff to support patients, provided educational materials, and offered on-call support. This approach reduced disparities among low-income and racially diverse populations, improving colorectal cancer screening outcomes.
Far-UVC light has been shown to be highly effective in reducing airborne microbes in a real room environment, with an equivalent air exchange rate exceeding 184 per hour. This technology could potentially prevent the next pandemic by making indoor places as safe as being outside on a breezy day.
Scientists at University of Illinois and Mie University develop monoclonal antibodies to prevent lung cell death in mouse models of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and acute respiratory disease syndrome. Non-invasive diagnostic tools also presented could aid in predicting disease progression and identifying patients at risk.
Researchers identified common features of pediatric antiphospholipid syndrome, a rare autoimmune disease causing inflammation and recurring blood clots. Nearly half of children with APS experienced recurrent blood clots despite treatment, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and prevention.
Researchers used a contrast pattern mining algorithm on publicly available data from 16,000 participants in the T1D Exchange Clinic Registry. The study found individuals with an immediate family history of Type 1 diabetes were more frequently diagnosed with hypertension and other co-occurring conditions.
BGE-175 effectively prevents death in a mouse model of COVID-19 by reversing immune aging, suggesting its potential to protect elderly patients hospitalized with COVID-19. The drug restores the immune system to a more youthful state by blocking the PGD2-DP1 pathway.
Researchers at LSU Health New Orleans and Karolinska Institutet found that intranasal application of pro-resolving lipid mediators arrested memory loss and brain degeneration in an experimental Alzheimer's model. This discovery opens up new possibilities for therapeutic interventions for Alzheimer's disease.
The Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center has received a five-year, $1.87 million NIH grant to investigate the role of vitamin A depletion in Alzheimer's disease. The research aims to test the hypothesis that a lack of antioxidant all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) promotes reactive oxygen species toxicity.
Scientists have identified a clear genetic signature of Parkinson's disease in people's memory T cells, which could lead to new therapies and diagnostics. The study found that targeting these genes may help stop T cells from attacking brain cells in Parkinson's.
A retrospective analysis of nearly 30,000 patients found that those who received lithium were less likely to develop dementia. The study supports the possibility that lithium could be a preventative treatment for dementia.
A gene called Fer2 has been identified as a key player in protecting dopaminergic neurons from degeneration. In flies and mice, overproduction of Fer2 reduces oxidative stress and prevents neurological defects characteristic of Parkinson's disease.
A new CNIC study warns that mitochondrial therapeutic interventions can cause damage due to the mixing of mitochondrial DNAs from two distinct origins. This can lead to medium- and long-term health issues, including heart failure, pulmonary hypertension, and muscle loss.
A new study by University of Alberta researchers estimates that excessive sugar consumption in Canada results in $5 billion annual healthcare costs due to 16 chronic diseases. Limiting free sugar intake could reduce diabetes prevalence by 27% if Canadians follow the 10% recommendation, and 44.8% if they limit consumption to less than 5...
Researchers have developed a vaccine using CRISPR technology to protect against Leishmania mexicana, a parasite causing cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Americas. The vaccine is safe and effective in mice, preventing skin lesions and infection for over 10 weeks.
In a study published in Social Science & Medicine, researchers found that young people in Uganda are turning to healers for their holistic approach to sexual and reproductive health. Healers provide a destigmatized, holistic SRH experience by embracing young people's sexual citizenship.
A new analysis by University of Copenhagen researchers found that a Nordic diet has positive health benefits regardless of weight loss. The diet's unique fat composition, high in omega-3 and omega-6 unsaturated fats, plays a significant role in lowering blood sugar and cholesterol levels.
Research found that individuals who have previously taken cholesterol- or blood pressure-lowering medications before a heart attack were less likely to adhere to these medications afterwards. Despite the proven benefits, fewer than one-third of patients continued taking their prescribed tablets for over a year after hospitalization.
The World Congress on Osteoporosis, Osteoarthritis & Musculoskeletal Diseases (WCO-IOF-ESCEO) 2022 will discuss secondary fracture prevention. Global experts will provide clinical guidance and information on post-fracture care through various sessions.
A new study by the University of Surrey and University of Bristol found that FFP2 masks filter out Covid-19 virus particles more effectively than cloth masks. The research suggests that using FFP2 masks can significantly improve protection against transmission and reduce the risk of infection.
Oral health disparities persist despite improved overall health trends, disproportionately affecting marginalized groups. Research and policy initiatives are needed to make oral health care more affordable, accessible, and responsive to communities.
Cedars-Sinai investigators discover that inhibiting RIPK2 function with drugs or CRISPR/Cas9 reduces prostate cancer metastasis in mice, offering new hope for advanced prostate cancer treatment. Targeting this protein could extend patients' lives by several years.
Researchers found that non-athlete college students had lower rates of COVID-19 infection than other young adults during the pandemic. The study suggests that college students do not place themselves in a riskier situation by being on campus.
An analysis of pre-Omicron data found that COVID-19 vaccines retain nearly all their ability to prevent severe disease up to six months after full vaccination. Protection against severe COVID-19 dropped by an average of 10 percentage points over the same interval.
A new study from the University of Helsinki found that providing individuals with their personal genetic risk for cardiovascular disease motivates them to take better care of their health. The interactive web-tool KardioKompassi helped participants understand their risk and make lifestyle changes.
Researchers found that higher levels of dietary fiber, particularly soluble fiber, are associated with a lower risk of developing dementia. The study suggests that a high-fiber diet may play a preventative role in reducing the incidence of dementia.