Articles tagged with Disease Prevention
A new recombinant VSV-vectored vaccine developed at UTMB provides rapid protection against lethal Lassa fever, a pathogen causing severe symptoms and high mortality rates. The vaccine was found to be effective against different strains of the virus, critical for outbreak scenarios.
A world-first study has confirmed the link between Alzheimer's Disease and multiple gut disorders, revealing shared genetic architecture. The study suggests that abnormal cholesterol levels play a key role in both conditions, and may lead to new potential treatments for Alzheimer's and gut disorders.
A Colombian woman lived dementia-free for three decades due to a rare genetic mutation, providing valuable insights into the pathology of dementia. Her brain showed distinct patterns of abnormal tau protein aggregation, which may impact treatment and prevention strategies for Alzheimer's disease.
A Tokyo University of Science study found that fluoride nanoparticles enhance β-sheet formation in amyloid β proteins, a common feature of Alzheimer's disease. The researchers also discovered that surrounding ions can control this process, paving the way for targeted treatments.
Research from the University of Georgia suggests that a diet rich in bright-colored fruits and vegetables, particularly those high in lutein and zeaxanthin, can help prevent visual and cognitive loss in women. This is due to the antioxidant properties of these carotenoids, which have been shown to improve central nervous system degener...
Researchers have successfully used lasers to control neutrophils, a type of white blood cell, as natural microrobots in living fish. The 'neutrobots' can perform multiple tasks, including delivering drugs to precise locations in the body, and show promise for targeted drug delivery and disease treatment.
The article discusses global disparities in Parkinson disease, identifying six key areas for improvement: disease burden, advocacy and awareness, prevention and risk reduction, diagnosis, treatment, and care, caregiver support, and research. These findings aim to inform policy decisions and drive action towards reducing health inequities.
The article highlights key health considerations for Ukrainian refugees in Canada, including timely access to care and trauma-informed approaches. Key gaps in the Canadian healthcare system include lack of universal access to interpreters and coordinated care across services.
Researchers found that WASH interventions supplying filtered water, improved sources, or basic sanitation services significantly reduced diarrheal risk. The study highlights the importance of improving WASH infrastructure and programming to prevent disease, particularly among young children.
A comprehensive study found that prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children. The researchers measured 45 chemicals in pregnant women and found elevated levels of biomarkers indicating risk for liver disease in children who were more highly exposed.
The New England Center of Excellence in Vector-Borne Diseases aims to reduce tick- and mosquito-borne diseases through research, training, and community engagement. The center will leverage applied research, public health training, and community partnerships to prevent and control vector-borne diseases.
A review of 18 studies suggests that long distance airborne transmission of SARS-CoV-2 can occur in indoor settings, particularly with poor ventilation. The evidence supports the role of mitigation measures, such as adequate ventilation, to prevent transmission.
A new study published in The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that consuming a Mediterranean-style diet may prevent frailty in older adults. Higher intake of carotenoids was associated with reduced likelihood of frailty development.
A long-term study has found a connection between abdominal aortic calcification and late-life dementia risk. Researchers discovered that women with medium to high levels of AAC were twice as likely to be hospitalized or die from late-life dementia.
Non-traditional pets like rodents, poultry, and reptiles can carry zoonotic pathogens that spread between animals and people. The study highlights the importance of preventing transmission through risk factors such as direct or indirect contact with infected animals.
Researchers are developing a health scorecard to predict dementia risk using brain scans, genetics, and biomarkers. The study will analyze diverse populations between ages 65-90, providing insights into contributing factors like diabetes or hypertension that can be addressed to modify the risk.
Researchers at the University of Exeter have identified a new gene, TMEM63C, that causes a degenerative disease affecting upper motor neuron cells. The study suggests that MNDs are caused by abnormal lipid processing pathways inside brain cells, which could lead to new diagnostic approaches and treatments.
A study published in Alzheimer's & Dementia found that individuals with at least two cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease, double their risk of developing dementia. The study suggests that prevention of these diseases could be a strategy for reducing dementia risk.
A novel study published in the Canadian Journal of Cardiology demonstrates that Nordic walking provides greater long-term improvements in functional capacity compared to high-intensity interval training and moderate-to-vigorous intensity continuous training. Nordic walking engages core, upper, and lower body muscles, resulting in a sig...
A UC Riverside genetic discovery found that mosquitoes lack the primary ecdysone transporter, allowing researchers to develop a mosquito-specific insecticide. This breakthrough could help control Zika, dengue, and other virus-carrying mosquitoes without harming beneficial insects.
Researchers have developed a new probe to detect Alzheimer's disease biomarkers using near-infrared fluorescence, which may help diagnose the disease early and prevent its progression. The probe binds oligomeric Aβ proteins, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease, offering a potential alternative to existing treatments.
A world-first study from the University of South Australia found a direct link between vitamin D deficiency and increased risk of dementia and stroke. The study analyzed data from 294,514 participants and found that up to 17% of dementia cases might have been avoided by boosting vitamin D levels.
A UVA researcher is using a harmless amoeba to develop an innovative treatment for deadly C. difficile infections in young children. The approach has the potential to deliver specific antibodies directly to the gut, reducing the need for antibiotics and addressing a growing public health threat.
The CDC has published a new report detailing the county-level distribution of seven diseases spread by blacklegged ticks. The map highlights areas with reported infections and those without, emphasizing the need for public awareness and prevention measures.
A new study published in Pediatrics found that a 12-week app program improved children's motor skills by an average of 15.5 percentage points. The app-based program focused on six motor skills, including hopping, throwing, and jumping, and was shown to be effective in preventing childhood obesity.
The study found increases in screen time, alcohol use, and poor sleep among Australian girls during the pandemic. However, overall sleep improved, and some dietary choices improved during lockdown.
A third dose of COVID-19 vaccine may be essential for kidney transplant patients in Japan to prevent severe disease and infection. Researchers found that only a third of patients developed sufficient antibodies after two doses, highlighting the need for additional protection.
A recent study published in Kidney International Reports reveals that consuming at least one cup of coffee per day may reduce the risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) by 15%. The largest reductions were observed in individuals who drank two to three cups of coffee daily, with a 22% lower risk.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine identified a chemical compound that stops the final events in the pathway linked to brain cell death in Parkinson’s disease. The compound, PAANIB-1, blocks the protein parthanatos without affecting its other critical activities, potentially halting neurodegenerative progression.
A new UK study found that people dying from alcohol-related liver disease had an average of 25 hospital interactions prior to their death, highlighting missed opportunities for intervention. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent mortality from ARLD, which is a significant cause of deaths globally.
Researchers discovered a specific glycoprotein, RPTP zeta S3L, that connects to CD33 receptors in the brain, limiting its ability to clean up harmful proteins. This finding may lead to new drug targets and early diagnostics for Alzheimer's disease.
Researchers at West Virginia University are studying the mechanisms behind Alzheimer's disease and PTSD, using animal models to investigate how stressful events affect brain cells. They aim to understand the role of estrogen and high-cholesterol diet in developing the disease.
Researchers identified a blood biomarker that predicts severe Crohn's disease and is detectable up to seven years prior to diagnosis. The biomarker neutralizes protective effects of a cytokine, leading to intestinal damage and weakening the immune system.
Researchers at the University of Virginia Health System have made important discoveries on the crucial role of malnutrition in global tuberculosis, highlighting how gut infections impair treatment outcomes. A new funding partnership will train Tanzanian postdoctoral researchers to work specifically on this intersection.
A minimally invasive device combined with molecular biomarkers has shown a 90% success rate in detecting esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, the predominant subtype of esophageal cancer. Early detection is crucial to improve survival rates, as symptoms often become apparent too late for effective treatment.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that mRNA vaccines show better protection against COVID-19 variants compared to viral vector vaccines. The research, conducted among healthcare workers, revealed higher neutralizing antibody responses in mRNA vaccine recipients against VOCs, including Omicron.
Researchers investigate how enzymes regulate metabolism, weight gain, and liver disease, revealing diet's significant role in obesity and altered lipid profiles. The study also shows that age affects metabolic processes, leading to weight gain, increased fat storage, and unhealthy liver changes.
Researchers argue that national strategies ignore pandemic's early lessons on chronic diseases and their disproportionate impact on underserved populations. They recommend incorporating prevention and control of chronic diseases into existing policies.
The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommends against routine screening for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in asymptomatic adults who do not recognize or report respiratory symptoms. This decision is based on a lack of evidence showing the benefit of screening in preventing future cardiovascular events.
A study of 4,177 Black women found that higher education levels were associated with lower allostatic loads, indicating reduced chronic stress. Women with college degrees had lower rates of high blood pressure, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.
A new study suggests that reducing daily sedentary time by just one hour a day can have significant health benefits in three months. The intervention group showed improvements in blood sugar regulation, insulin sensitivity, and liver health compared to the control group.
A six-step framework for improving disease surveillance in remote areas of low- and middle-income countries aims to address pandemics early, saving human lives. The framework incorporates mobile-phone applications, increased clinical and diagnostic capacity, national and global integration to transform data into actionable interventions.
A new study using a citizen science board of people affected by Long Covid identifies key research areas, including treatment, diagnosis, and disease management. The findings highlight the need for clear diagnoses and access to care that meets their multidimensional needs.
A new study indicates that artificial intelligence can accurately predict who will develop pancreatic cancer based on pre-diagnostic CT scan images. The AI tool was trained to analyze textural differences in the pancreas and achieved an accuracy rate of 86% in identifying those who would eventually develop the disease.
A study led by Richard Isaacson found that individualized, multi-domain interventions improved cognition and reduced Alzheimer's risk in both men and women. Women demonstrated greater improvements in certain risk scores and biomarkers compared to men.
A University of Houston program successfully reduces social isolation among seniors by connecting them with UH students in social work and nursing. Weekly telephone interactions establish trust, resulting in a decrease in loneliness and an increase in participants' well-being.
A University of Gothenburg study found that a single visit to a health coach can deteriorate perceived health in 50-year-olds. After one hour-long session, participants reported worse changes in overall wellbeing, physical and mental health compared to those who received no treatment.
Research reveals that an imbalance in gut microbiota, known as dysbiosis, may contribute to the development and progression of Parkinson's disease. Studies found a direct correlation between gut dysbiosis and Parkinson's, with certain bacteria contributing to protein aggregation and neuronal damage.
A new study by CUNY SPH researchers found that nearly 40% of NYC parents are hesitant to vaccinate their young children against COVID-19, with many citing safety concerns. The study suggests that mandates may be key in increasing vaccine coverage among children.
A multistate outbreak in 10 European countries linked to chocolate products has been linked to monophasic Salmonella Typhimurium, primarily affecting young children. The outbreak strain demonstrated a multidrug-resistant profile, highlighting the importance of including uncommon AMR profiles in early international communications.
Researchers found a higher number of small HDL particles in cerebrospinal fluid is associated with better cognitive performance and lower risk for Alzheimer's disease. These particles may play a key role in clearing amyloid beta peptides, which contribute to the disease.
Researchers have found that the meningococcal B vaccine is 33% effective against gonorrhoea in adolescents and young adults. The study aims to reduce not only gonorrhoea infection but also its long-term effects, such as infertility and blindness in babies born to infected mothers.
A new study suggests that exercise helps maintain brain health by keeping insulin and body mass index levels low. People with higher physical activity had a higher total volume of grey matter in their brains than those with less activity.
Researchers found a strong association between chronic rhinosinusitis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis, with CRS diagnoses preceding bronchiectasis by an average of six years. Early treatment of sinus disease may offer therapeutic strategies for preventing bronchiectasis.
Current guidelines for treating women's obesity, hypertension and diabetes are based on men's studies. Researchers call for sex-specific guidelines to accurately treat these conditions in women, as they have different risk factors and manifestations.
A study published in the Journal of Alzheimer's Disease Reports suggests that damage to the blood-brain barrier is the determining cause of Alzheimer's disease. The Lipid Invasion Model proposes that lipids entering the brain due to barrier damage lead to brain shrinkage, amyloid plaques, and tau tangles, characteristic of the disease.
Researchers recruited 300 home cooks to assess the impact of washing poultry on kitchen contamination. Despite interventions aimed at reducing contamination, participants showed similar levels of contamination regardless of whether they washed their chicken or not.
Researchers investigate how mushrooms improve gut health and provide a preventive buffer against disease in Western-style diets. The study aims to understand the role of Turicibacter in dietary obesity and gut health, as well as the potential benefits of incorporating oyster mushrooms into diet.
A machine-learning algorithm detected potential signs of colorectal cancer in high-risk patients who missed routine screenings. The algorithm identified patients as high-risk by analyzing age, gender, and recent CBC results, and subsequent screenings showed significant findings in 70% of the flagged group.
A new analysis reveals that salt substitutes are not only effective in reducing stroke risk but also cost-saving, with costs outweighing the cost of the intervention. The study found a 14% reduction in stroke risk and 13% reduction in strokes and heart attacks combined.