Articles tagged with Disease Prevention
A new study found that women whose menstrual cycle length increased two years before menopause had better vascular health than those with stable cycles. Changes in cycle length may predict cardiovascular disease risk, allowing clinicians to recommend preventive strategies.
Researchers found that combining zinc oxide with small-molecule UV filter ingredients reduced UVA protection by 84.3-91.8% compared to non-mineral sunscreens. The study also showed toxic effects on zebra fish embryos when exposed to sunscreen mixtures containing zinc oxide.
A Tanzanian study found that laser treatment (SLT) successfully reduced eye pressure to normal levels in 61% of patients after one year, compared to 31% with daily eye drops. SLT may be an affordable alternative for glaucoma care in Africa.
Researchers found an early indicator of Alzheimer's disease is an oxidation-antioxidant imbalance in the blood. Oxidative markers increase up to five years before the onset of the disease, suggesting a potential avenue for prevention through antioxidant intake.
A new study reveals that childhood adversity is a major contributor to early and preventable causes of mortality and long-term physical and mental health issues. Childhood adversity was found to be associated with elevated risk for chronic diseases, including heart disease and cancer.
A Kaiser Permanente study found that the 2021 USPSTF guidelines will likely increase lung cancer screening of women, racial and ethnic minority groups, and individuals with lower socioeconomic status. This is expected to lead to an estimated 30% increase in lung cancer diagnoses compared to the 2013 recommendations.
Researchers found that nanosilver treatment can increase the risk of recurrent infections when used long-term due to pathogen adaptation. Long-term exposure allows bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa to evolve and resume normal growth upon discontinuation of treatment.
A study published by the American College of Cardiology found a significant inverse relationship between oral health and COVID-19 severity, as well as delayed recovery and increased inflammation in patients with cardiovascular diseases. Researchers recommend maintaining good oral hygiene to prevent or decrease COVID-19 disease severity.
A new study suggests that natural infection can produce highly potent and broadly neutralizing memory B cells, which may provide longer-term protection against severe disease. In contrast, vaccines primarily stimulate circulating antibodies that fade over time.
The ACHIEVE GREATER Center aims to reduce cardiometabolic health disparities by implementing a proactive approach using community health workers and pharmacists. The center will use collaborative care, PAL2, to address multiple domains of influence contributing to disparate health outcomes in the Black population.
Researchers will investigate hidden signs of brain damage in REM behavior disorder, aiming to identify biomarkers that predict impending neurological disease. The goal is to delay the onset or prevent dementia or Parkinsonism through clinical trials.
The ACC Middle East 2021 conference will showcase the latest evidence-based strategies for improving heart health in the Middle East. The event features presentations from renowned experts on the most impactful clinical trials and contemporary best practices in treating cardiovascular disease.
The European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL) is hosting its 57th International Liver Congress (ILC) 2022 in London, where experts will present and share the latest science on liver diseases. The event aims to enhance awareness, prevention, treatment, and management of liver diseases globally.
Researchers have found a protein called CD47 on the surface of infected cells that may protect them from immune system recognition, resulting in more severe disease. High CD47 levels are associated with higher risk factors for severe COVID-19, including age and diabetes.
Researchers discovered a nanomaterial that boosts antibody production while minimizing inflammation, opening up new possibilities for vaccine development. The 'micelle' scaffolds can be used to generate laboratory-scale quantities of therapeutic antibodies against real-world pathogens.
The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed a long-term underinvestment in the US public health workforce, with staff losses and underfunding for public health education. Experts recommend increasing access to education for future public health professionals and investing in the existing workforce to address this critical shortage.
Researchers at UC San Diego develop precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) to control mosquito populations. The system uses CRISPR to alter genes linked to male fertility and female flight in Aedes aegypti, reducing disease transmission.
A Finnish study discovered a positive association between standing and improved insulin sensitivity in adults with increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The researchers found that increasing daily standing time can help prevent chronic diseases, even if physical activity recommendations are not met.
A study led by Ruixue Zhaoyang found that frequent and pleasant social interactions can boost cognitive performance in older adults. Participants who reported more social interactions had better cognitive performance on the same day and for days following.
The National Institute on Aging has expanded its network of cutting-edge Alzheimer's disease and related dementias centers, with two new centers in North Carolina and Texas. The Duke/University of North Carolina ADRC will focus on understanding age-related changes across the lifespan and identifying disparities in dementia among differ...
A new study found that non-Hispanic Black and Mexican American adults are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes at an average age of 46-47 years old, four to seven years earlier than non-Hispanic white adults. Preventive measures such as nutrition counseling and physical-activity programs can prevent or delay the onset of diabetes.
Researchers used new approaches to track Lyme disease in Texas, finding an overlap between tick-bite locations and human cases. The study suggests that tick-bite location may serve as an indicator for human disease risk in nonendemic areas.
Yang Gao's lab has received a $1.9 million NIH grant to investigate the mechanisms of proteins that produce copies of genomic DNA, with potential implications for cancer treatment. The research aims to understand how DNA replication and repair processes can be targeted to develop new therapies.
Researchers investigated COVID-19 transmission dynamics among close contacts of index patients, finding timing of exposure impacts disease development. The study also found severity of the index case is associated with clinical presentation in close contacts who develop COVID-19.
A randomized trial found that a shorter course of rifapentine-isoniazid therapy resulted in significantly higher treatment completion rates compared to a longer daily course. The findings suggest that this regimens can be more effective for preventing tuberculosis disease in individuals with HIV, particularly in high-transmission areas.
Researchers from Tokyo University of Science developed a self-powered diaper sensor that monitors urine sugar levels, providing an alternative biomarker for blood sugar monitoring. The sensor uses a biofuel cell powered by glucose in the urine, detecting sugar levels within 1 second and simplifying caretaking tasks.
The study highlights the need for vaccination in Africa, where 890 million people lack on-site water and 700 million lack in-home soap/washing facilities. Researchers emphasize that physical distancing and mask-wearing can reduce transmission by at least 80%.
Researchers have identified several drug contenders that can block or reduce SARS-CoV2 infection in cells, including lactoferrin and MEK-inhibitors. These findings suggest potential efficacy against COVID-19 variants, with ongoing clinical trials to examine their ability to reduce viral loads and inflammation.
A study of 1800 Japanese citizens aged 65 found that low weight and insufficient exercise are significant risk factors for sarcopenia. Those with possible sarcopenia exhibited higher degrees of frailty despite normal Specific Health Checkup results, highlighting the need for a test to identify sarcopenia early on.
A new study shows that having someone available to listen can improve cognitive resilience and reduce the risk of cognitive decline. The study found that individuals with higher listener availability had better cognitive function despite similar physical aging or disease-related changes.
A new study from University of Utah researchers explores how socioeconomic inequalities, particularly in Utah's Salt Lake County, contributed to racial minority groups being unequally affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The study found that residents of affluent areas had lower rates of infection compared to those in low-income zip codes.
Despite guidelines and legal requirements, women remain underrepresented in cardiovascular clinical trials, limiting treatment data on cardiovascular disease. Research shows that women respond differently to drugs than men, highlighting the need for sex-specific data in optimal care.
Researchers found that longer time in education during early adulthood and higher-level job leads to better cardiovascular health two decades later. The study suggests that material factors like job control and stress play a role in shaping health outcomes.
Researchers identified a genetic mutation in nonhuman primates that closely resembles Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease, a rare and progressive disorder affecting the central nervous system. The discovery was made possible by a massive genomic database built at OHSU's Oregon National Primate Research Center.
Researchers created a polymer coating that releases Lasioglossin-III, an AMP with broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, targeting specific infectious bacteria and preventing airway complications. The coating demonstrated significant antibacterial activity and prevented bacterial adherence to the tube.
Researchers found that UVB radiation from the sun causes chemical changes to DNA, leading to disease-causing mutations. This discovery sheds light on the origins of melanoma and highlights the importance of prevention efforts.
A study found that half of individuals who initially refused to receive secondary genomic findings changed their minds after receiving more detailed information. The research suggests that healthcare providers should give patients multiple opportunities to make and revise their choice.
Researchers at Tohoku University have identified a new gene, CCDC152 (L-IST RNA), which inhibits selenoprotein P (SeP) levels, reducing insulin resistance and glucose metabolism issues associated with type 2 diabetes. EGCG supplements may help increase L-IST, offering potential treatment options for diabetic patients.
A recent study by a MU researcher found that tick-borne diseases are on the rise in the Midwest, particularly in humid climates. The study collected data on various tick species and their activity patterns, providing valuable insights for public health officials.
Research at University of Jyvaskyla reveals that quality and quantity of enrichments influence well-being of aquaculture fishes. The study found that stone enrichments improve survival rates, while a higher number of stones also has a positive effect.
A new study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that introducing high doses of gluten from four months of age may prevent coeliac disease in children. The Enquiring About Tolerance (EAT) Study showed no cases of coeliac disease among infants who introduced gluten early, but further studies are needed for confirmation.
The USC-Buck Nathan Shock Center will explore the biology of aging and its impact on disease, with a focus on cellular senescence, genomic translation, and geroscience technology. The center aims to translate basic research into effective preventions and therapies to extend healthspan.
The Lancet report highlights that many countries are falling behind on their commitments to reduce premature deaths from chronic diseases. Despite a decline in death rates from some diseases over the past decade, others such as diabetes and lung cancer are not showing sufficient progress. The report warns that if current trends continu...
A new study reveals a significant increase in premature deaths from alcoholic liver disease, particularly among younger women. The gap between men and women's mortality rates has narrowed over the past two decades, with women dying on average two to three years earlier than men.
Adding corticosteroids to standard intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for high-risk Kawasaki disease patients can boost initial response and prevent complications. The combination approach reduced the need for a second course of therapy by 35% and the risk of coronary artery abnormalities by 47%.
A recent study found that only half of pregnant women worldwide who need Rh disease treatment actually receive it. The study, published in PLOS One, estimates that complications of Rh disease may be linked to the deaths of at least 50,000 fetuses and 114,000 newborns annually globally.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London discovered a naturally suppressive gene that prevents Alzheimer's Disease in brain cells, leading to the development of a rapid drug-screening system. The system demonstrates proof-of-principle for early preventative-drug testing and identifies a potential biomarker for risk assessment.
Researchers seek to improve symptom control and patient comfort in ICU patients transitioning to palliative care. Administration of opiates before ventilation withdrawal may help alleviate distress, according to a recent study published in the journal Chest.
A new study found that Medicaid expansion significantly reduced uninsured rates among low-income residents in the Diabetes Belt. The increase in insurance coverage helped address access to care issues, leading to improved health outcomes and quality of life for those affected by diabetes.
Researchers at the University of Missouri have made a groundbreaking discovery by identifying the genetic mutation responsible for Chédiak-Higashi syndrome in domestic cats. This finding has significant implications for treating inherited diseases and preventing their transmission to future generations.
Since the mid-2000s, bone marrow transplant mortality rates have declined significantly, falling by 34% between 2003-2007 and 2013-2017. This improvement is largely attributed to advancements in prevention and treatment of infections and diseases related to transplantation.
The Lancet Global Health study found that on average, countries implemented just over half of the 18 WHO-recommended policies to reduce chronic diseases. Implementation improved over time, but some countries lagged behind, including the USA. Democratic centre-left countries tended to implement more policies.
A study from the University of Georgia found that over 90% of opioid-related hospitalizations are among patients with two or more chronic diseases, highlighting the association between chronic disease and opioid misuse. Researchers argue that prioritizing chronic disease prevention could alleviate the opioid epidemic.
A new therapeutic target for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease has been discovered, with research identifying elevated levels of the protein SFRP1 in the brains and cerebrospinal fluid of patients. Inactivated SFRP1 function prevents disease progression in mouse models.
A recent study has deciphered the near-atomic structure of filaments called 'pili' that extend from the surface of bacteria causing traveler's diarrhea. This breakthrough may lead to the development of new treatments and vaccines for the disease.
A systematic review found that moderate milk and dairy consumption during pregnancy and childhood can reduce the risk of frailty, sarcopenia, and certain types of cancer. The study also suggested that low-fat dairy products may have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
The PHOENIx MDR-TB study compares the safety and efficacy of delamanid and isoniazid in preventing active MDR-TB disease in at-risk contacts. The trial will enroll approximately 5,610 participants across 12 countries.
Researchers from IKBFU discover that pine nut shells contain a carbohydrate-mineral complex rich in fibres and vitamins. This processed product is non-toxic and increases physical endurance, making it recommended as a sports nutrition product.
Shoukhrat Mitalipov, a germline gene therapy pioneer, argues that existing regulations can be strengthened to allow safe treatment. His 17-year-old son Paul also co-authored the editorial, highlighting the importance of understanding gene editing for non-scientists.
The Humanwide program at Stanford Medicine combines cutting-edge tools and a collaborative team-based method to provide proactive, personalized care. The pilot program successfully identified previously overlooked health conditions and future health risks in patients, setting them on a path to avoid serious medical problems.