Articles tagged with Pediatrics
A large-scale clinical trial will enroll 644 children across the US to determine if adding acetaminophen or ketorolac to opioid-based pain control reduces pain in critically ill children. The study aims to improve pediatric intensive care worldwide by reducing side effects and increasing long-term patient outcomes.
The project aims to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescribing rates for children with acute respiratory tract infections, linked to adverse health events and antibiotic resistance. The program will provide tools and education to support providers in using narrow-spectrum antibiotics only when necessary.
Researchers at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia identified disparities in pediatric concussion care, finding that non-Hispanic Black children and those with public insurance are more likely to be seen first for a concussion in the emergency department. This suggests that establishing up-to-date community-level resources could improv...
Dr. Bonnie W. Ramsey is recognized for her significant contributions to advancing child health and the profession of pediatrics. Her work on cystic fibrosis has dramatically improved life expectancy for children with the disease.
A US cohort study found that prenatal cannabis exposure was associated with differences in executive function and aggressive behavior in children at age 5. The study's results may inform clinical recommendations on cannabis use during pregnancy.
Research from Karolinska Institutet finds that abnormal BMI in children can lead to impaired lung function, but normalizing BMI before adulthood may offset this. The study, which followed over 4,000 children, also found a correlation between low BMI and reduced lung growth.
Using state-of-the-art technology, researchers identified specific steps needed for CRISPR to become active and perform its gene editing function. Understanding these mechanisms could lead to improved designs for CRISPR-based gene editing.
Researchers at Nationwide Children's Hospital found prenatal cannabis exposure associated with poorer thinking skills and behaviors like impulse control and aggression in preschool-aged children. The study supports existing clinical recommendations against cannabis use during pregnancy due to potential health risks.
A cohort study of children with vesicoureteral reflux found that glomerular filtration rate changes after urinary tract infections. The study used data from the Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux trial to assess estimated glomerular filtration rate changes in participants with vs without recurrent UTIs.
A survey of 298 parents with children diagnosed with atopic dermatitis found that parents' understanding of the condition and its dietary links significantly influenced their children's diets. The most frequently identified trigger foods were milk, tree nuts/seeds/peanuts, and eggs.
A study found that anxiety related to food allergies increased significantly in children, leading to an average of 2.1 allergens per patient and a 69% incidence of food-related anxiety. Psychology referrals for these patients increased by 50% over four years, with 60% completing at least one appointment.
Researchers have successfully integrated genome sequencing into newborn screening to identify hundreds of rare genetic disorders. This approach allows for earlier diagnosis and treatment, promoting health equity and reducing time to diagnosis.
A pioneering study shows that DNA analysis picks up many more preventable and treatable serious health conditions than standard newborn screening, improving children's medical care. Genome sequencing detects gene variants linked to hundreds of specific diseases, far exceeding the 60 disorders detected by current methods.
Researchers found that brief interventions with core physician teams boosted internal coordination, leading to better learning and productivity among trainees. Team coordination with external roles, such as nurses, also enhanced trainee learning and patient stays were shorter.
Scientists have discovered a long non-coding RNA called CHASERR that regulates the production of the CHD2 gene, which is associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. The study found that patients with a deletion of this RNA had excessive CHD2 protein production, leading to severe intellectual delays and other symptoms.
Infant mortality rates in the US increased significantly following the Dobbs decision, with no post-Dobbs months showing lower-than-expected rates. The findings are consistent with previous reports of increased infant mortality in Texas following its abortion ban.
Researchers found Inuit children's head circumferences were significantly larger than WHO charts, leading to overdiagnosis of macrocephaly and underdiagnosis of microcephaly. This perpetuates a system that brings harm to Inuit people due to historical context of racism and mistreatment.
Providencia rustigianii carries a type III secretion system and cytolethal distending toxin virulence gene, increasing its pathogenicity, similar to Salmonella.
A study at Boston Children's Hospital highlights the complexity of infection prevention and control measures in pediatric healthcare. The conventional method of calculating IP staffing needs does not accurately reflect the current demands of healthcare systems or pediatric patients, leading to a shortage of resources.
A study led by UMass Amherst found no significant improvement in asthma care for Medicaid-insured children compared to those with private insurance. Despite the launch of primary care-oriented Medicaid ACOs in Massachusetts, disparities in quality of care persist, with worsening emergency department/hospital use for children with Medic...
Most US hospital websites explicitly included SGM populations in nondiscrimination policies, but few provided SGM-friendly clinician directories. Pediatric hospitals posted more SGM-related information than adult hospitals, while states with discriminatory policies had fewer online resources.
A retrospective cohort study of children and adolescents found a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes after COVID-19 infection compared to other respiratory infections. The study suggests potential long-term effects on glucose regulation.
A new study found distinct changes in children with severe cases of RSV, including elevated NK cells in the airways and altered immunological function. This research may help identify new targets for future treatments.
The Northwestern Mental Health, Earlier Center will address the youth mental health crisis by targeting early signs of vulnerability to mental health problems in toddlers through routine pediatric care. The center aims to foster self-regulation skills and reduce mental health risk by promoting developmental health promotion frameworks.
A study from the University of Kansas found that parents trust AI-generated text, like ChatGPT, more than healthcare professionals' content. Parents rated ChatGPT as more trustworthy, accurate, and reliable in many cases, even when there were significant differences in ratings.
A systematic review found that FDA-issued warnings about antidepressant use among youth led to a decline in pediatric mental health care and an increase in suicides. The study suggests that these warnings, intended to encourage physician vigilance, had unintended consequences.
Researchers investigate how racism affects development during childhood and adolescence, finding significant increases in epigenetic age acceleration. The study suggests that policies and social regularities may perpetuate discrimination against ethnically and racially minoritized adolescents.
A study by UC San Francisco found that more screen time is associated with severe symptoms of depression, anxiety, inattention, and aggression in 9-10 year olds. The effects were small but consistent, with activities like video chatting and playing video games strongly linked to depressive symptoms.
A new study by Stanford Medicine found that upgrading emergency departments to be more prepared for pediatric care could save children's lives and reduce costs. The research team analyzed data from hundreds of hospitals in 11 states and found that doing so would cut deaths of pediatric emergency patients by almost half.
A study by researchers at UCLA found that Black, Hispanic, and American Indian adolescents are more likely to be tested for drugs and alcohol than white adolescents at pediatric trauma centers. The study suggests that clinician biases may contribute to these disparities.
The American Academy of Pediatrics has published its first clinical guideline for pediatricians on prescribing opioids, emphasizing the importance of safe use in treating acute pain. The guideline recommends routine prescription of naloxone alongside every opioid prescription to reverse overdoses.
Children worldwide fail to meet WHO guidelines for physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep, highlighting the need for effective context-specific programs. The study emphasizes the importance of understanding factors influencing these behaviors in young children.
Research presented at American Academy of Pediatrics 2024 National Conference & Exhibition found that low Vitamin D levels correlate with longer healing times in pediatric fracture patients. Patients with low Vitamin D levels took up to two months longer to show signs of healed fractures, compared to those with normal vitamin D levels.
Research presented at the American Academy of Pediatrics National Conference finds that 30% of adolescents face difficulties accessing menstruation products. The study highlights the need for public health programs and policy changes to ensure youth have access to necessary products, avoiding negative impacts on health and engagement.
Children from higher socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to receive opioids after a broken elbow diagnosis. The study found disparities in opioid prescriptions based on patient race, age, and geographic location.
Research found that firearm injuries result in life-saving procedures, major surgeries and prolonged hospital stays compared to other traumas. The study also showed significant health care costs and disparities in injury rates among Black patients and those from lower-income quartiles.
New research reveals racial and socioeconomic disparities in emergency management of unintentional ingestions in preschool children. Black patients are more likely to receive social work consults, Children Services Bureau referrals, and urine drug screens.
A new study analyzing state gun laws found that laws banning large-capacity magazines were associated with the greatest significant reduction of child deaths in mass shootings. The odds of a child dying from a mass shooting were decreased by 91% in states with such bans.
The study found a significant rise in heat-related emergencies among children, with most cases resulting in discharge without admission. The data also highlighted disparities in patient characteristics and outcomes, particularly among Hispanic children and those living in areas with lower Child Opportunity Index scores.
Research reveals that Black infants with congenital heart disease are 40% more likely to die in the first year than white infants, despite overall death rates decreasing for both groups. The American Academy of Pediatrics study found a significant disparity in mortality rates between Black and white infants born with heart abnormalities.
A study of 793 girls found significant variation in height growth after their first period, with most not reaching the expected 6-8 cm. Early onset of menstruation is linked to greater growth, while late onset is associated with shorter final height. Childhood BMI also plays a role in determining menarche age and subsequent growth.
Research on children in foster care with disabilities found that they are less likely to achieve a positive outcome like adoption or guardianship, and have a higher risk of mortality. Children with specific disabilities, such as intellectual disability, physical disability, and emotional disturbance, were particularly vulnerable.
Research found that babies conceived through assisted reproductive technology have a 36% higher risk of major heart defects compared to naturally conceived babies. The study also showed that multiple births are associated with an even greater risk of congenital heart defects.
A cross-sectional study found significant increases in sudden unexpected infant death (SUID) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) during the COVID-19 pandemic. The rise in SUID rates was linked to off-season resurgences of infectious pathogens, with RSV rates closely approximating this shift.
Childhood obesity has surged globally, with nearly half of all overweight children under 5 years old found in Asia. The authors highlight the need for coordinated efforts to address this epidemic, including increased physical activity and healthier diets.
A study conducted by the University of Gothenburg found that meal boxes with healthy recipes and subsidized meals led to a greater reduction in children's BMI compared to lifestyle treatment alone. The intervention also involved family meals, which were perceived as tolerable and reduced conflicts over food shopping.
Researchers have developed an antibody that can identify Campylobacter jejuni and inhibit its growth, reducing pathogenicity. The antibody targets a multiprotein complex essential for the bacteria's energy production, making it a potential target for therapy and vaccination.
Children with medical complexity from rural areas are more likely to receive care at non-pediatric hospitals. The study emphasizes the importance of ensuring all hospitals can provide adequate care for these patients.
The University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus has identified key opportunities to strengthen climate education for healthcare professionals. The authors propose a developmental learning model with six interconnected domains that build on foundational skills in communication and collaboration.
This study suggests that gamified digital mental health interventions can be an effective treatment option for youth with ADHD or depressive disorders. The findings provide new information for pediatricians and healthcare professionals seeking innovative solutions for pediatric mental health care.
The American Academy of Pediatrics will host its 2024 National Conference & Exhibition in Orlando, Florida, featuring cutting-edge research and educational seminars on key pediatric health issues. The conference will address topics such as suicide prevention, mental health, and the impact of gun laws on child health outcomes.
Neighborhood food access in early life is strongly associated with child BMI and obesity trajectories. Residence in low-income areas with limited access to healthy food options increases the risk of severe obesity.
Exposure to negative news media about LGBTQ+ topics increases suicidal ideation intensity in the hours following, according to a longitudinal study. The findings have implications for research and intervention in sociopolitical and geographic contexts.
A nationwide multi-cohort study found that residence in low-income-low-food-access neighborhoods during pregnancy or early childhood significantly raises the risk of obesity and severe obesity from childhood to adolescence. The study underscores the importance of early-life neighborhood environments in shaping child health outcomes.
A new study reveals that inpatient food insecurity among caregivers during pediatric hospitalizations is associated with longer hospital admissions and increased odds of readmission. Caregivers experiencing food insecurity were found to have a 2.4 day longer length of stay and 1.8 times higher odds of readmission within 30 days.
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has been instrumental in responding to the COVID-19 pandemic by providing transparent decision-making and prioritizing equitable access to vaccines. The committee's virtual meetings enabled timely discussions and evidence review, allowing for rapid approval of COVID-19 vaccines. H...
A new study finds that excessive social media use is associated with a higher risk of eating disorder symptoms in 9-14-year-olds, including binge eating and distress over weight gain. Problematic screen use may contribute to unhealthy behaviors and addictive tendencies.
Researchers at UCSF identified signals in the metabolic system of infants who died from Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), finding associations between lower C-3 levels and elevated C-14OH. Elevated biomarkers also led to reduced risk of SIDS, but further research is needed to validate these findings.
A case-control study found an association between abnormal birth metabolic analytes and sudden infant death syndrome, suggesting potential early risk identification. The study's findings could inform future research and clinical efforts focused on monitoring and preventing SIDS.
Parents who practice proper firearm handling and teach their children to shoot are more likely to store firearms unlocked and loaded, highlighting a potential association between responsible behavior and decreased risk of injury. This study underscores the importance of secure storage practices in reducing firearm-related risks.