A survey of patients who underwent breast cancer screening mammograms found most support AI's role as a second reader, but concerns about data privacy and bias persisted. Demographic factors such as education and racial background played a significant role in shaping patient perceptions of AI.
This study investigates the protective effect of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on acyclovir (ACV)-induced nephrotoxicity in adult Wistar rats. The results show that NAC supplementation significantly reduces kidney damage caused by ACV, restoring normal kidney function.
Research explores how climate change affects elk populations, alpine plant communities and bee microbiomes. For example, a study found that food availability, not just overall quality, impacts elk pregnancy rates, while another study showed limited changes in mountain plant species over nearly two decades.
A recent study by researchers from the University of Tsukuba found that cognitively impaired older drivers are less likely to be involved in car-to-car crashes when accompanied by a passenger. The analysis revealed that second-party drivers were more likely to have been accompanied by a passenger than first-party drivers, regardless of...
Research highlights the oncogenic potential of microRNAs in lung cancer, their dysregulation, and functional roles. Dysregulated miRNAs can contribute to tumor progression, metastasis, and chemotherapy resistance.
A novel approach uses oxidative potential to assess the impact of heavy metal-contaminated soils on plants, identifying key metabolic disruptions and biochemical changes. This method offers a faster and more reliable alternative to traditional methods, enabling quicker responses to soil pollution.
A study found that Arctic snow and ice melting triggers an enhancement in the cloud short-wave cooling effect, partially slowing further melting. This new perspective reveals a co-evolution mechanism between clouds, snow/ice coverage, and surface albedo.
Researchers discovered toxic zinc in glassware used for in vitro fertilization (IVF), which inhibited embryo development. By adding chelating agent EDTA or thoroughly cleaning glassware, embryotoxic effects of zinc were reduced.
This study found that inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 reduces liver ferroptosis and fibrosis by upregulating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. COX-2 inhibition also restored antioxidant defenses in hepatocytes, reducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.
The American Educational Research Association (AERA) has announced the winners of the 2025 Palmer O. Johnson Memorial Award for their article on detecting and mitigating algorithmic bias in college student-success prediction. The authors' work highlights the need for equity in data-driven decision-making in higher education.
A survey study found that more than 1 in 7 adults carried medical debt in 2023, with 1 in 3 forgoing mental health care the following year. Medical debt may exacerbate treatment gaps by raising thresholds for seeking care and eroding patient trust.
Researchers developed models to study EV's influence on human cooperation, revealing regional variability promotes cooperation in resource-poor areas. The findings provide new perspectives for archeological inquiry and insights into modern society's cooperative behavior.
A new study reveals that Douglas-fir introduction has a neutral effect on European biodiversity in most cases, with only rare positive or negative impacts observed.
Researchers developed an algorithm that decodes neural mechanisms of team flow by analyzing EEG data during collaborative gameplay. The study found that individuals with closely aligned brain signatures were more likely to achieve a shared state of deep concentration, leading to improved teamwork and performance.
A new study from Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health reveals that people with medical debt are significantly less likely to receive mental health care treatment. The research found that nearly 34% of respondents with medical debt forwent mental health care in the following year, compared to just 6.3% without medical debt.
Researchers discovered a protein associated with Parkinson's disease causes the transition from liquid to solid in microscopic blobs of protein found in human cells. The study's findings provide new insights into the development and progression of neurodegenerative diseases.
Researchers have discovered that pyrvinium pamoate, a common pinworm medication, can inhibit cancer cell growth and reverse neuroendocrine features in Merkel cell carcinoma. The medication also reduced tumor growth in mouse models of the disease.
Researchers from Radboud University Medical Center found that an existing drug can revive immune cells paralyzed by sepsis, a leading cause of death in ICUs. The study provides new perspectives for the treatment of sepsis and may lead to potential treatments for patients with immune paralysis.
Research reveals the mechanism behind peak extratropical cyclone activity in spring East Asia, with intensified low-level jet streams facilitating system formation. This understanding can improve climate predictions and adaptation strategies for the region.
A Phase 3 clinical study found that adding hydronidone to entecavir resulted in significant reversal of liver fibrosis. The trial aimed to identify the antifibrotic effect and safety of hydronidone for CHB patients with significant liver fibrosis.
Chinese scientists enhance adhesion of top layers to improve flexible tandem solar cells' performance by utilizing an antisolvent-seeding strategy. The new approach resulted in a stable efficiency of 24.6%, one of the highest reported values for flexible thin-film solar cells.
Researchers detect anomalous Hall effect in collinear antiferromagnets with non-Fermi liquid behavior, revealing a 'virtual magnetic field' that boosts the phenomenon. The findings open up new possibilities for information technologies and require further experimental confirmation.
A recent meta-analysis found that generative AI's diagnostic accuracy is lower than that of specialist doctors, with an average accuracy of 52.1%. The study suggests that while generative AI has the potential to support non-specialist doctors in diagnostics, further research is needed to improve its capabilities.
A subset of patients with non-small cell lung cancer who discontinued immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy due to immune-related adverse events continued to experience long-term disease control. The median post-discontinuation progression-free survival was 12.7 months, and the median post-discontinuation overall survival was 43.7 months.
Hongyou Fan, a Sandia scientist, has been recognized as an Outstanding Researcher by the Federal Laboratory Consortium for Technology Transfer. He is being hailed for his work on Disinfectant 2.0, a product that kills viruses, bacteria, and fungi for long periods.
A new machine learning model accurately predicts the fitness of AAV capsids based on their amino acid sequence, enabling more efficient and cost-effective gene therapies. The model's robustness and generalizability have been demonstrated through tests on independent datasets, offering a promising tool for capsid engineering.
A novel radiolabeled antibody targeting the cancer antigen IL13Rα2 has been developed with high specificity for diagnosing and treating solid tumors. The antibody was effective in delineating malignancies at a low injected mass dose, making it a potential candidate for radioimmunotherapy applications.
Researchers have developed novel imaging agents targeting shared proteins in triple-negative breast cancer tumors, successfully highlighting various tumor types using PET/CT scans. Additionally, a new brain imaging technique shows promise in identifying complex brain diseases like progressive supranuclear palsy and corticobasal degener...
Researchers found basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) have an immune-excluded phenotype with minimal HLA-I expression, even in early development. A stem-like quiescent program suppressed APM genes, which could be reversed to enable BCC immunotherapy.
A global study using camera trap data from over 8.9 million images across 445 species in 38 countries found that many species do not stick to a single daily rhythm. Mammals' diel activity patterns are influenced by factors such as body size, location, and human presence, particularly in areas with higher human development.
A study on a 65-year-old patient with Prototheca wickerhamii infection showed significant changes in skin microbiome composition. The relative abundance of Acinetobacter parvus decreased, while P. wickerhamii dominated the lesion site, with itraconazole and voriconazole treatment showing promising results.
A study co-authored by an Iowa State University professor identified a single protein that triggers chemical signals called effectors in cyst nematodes, which hijack plant cells. Disrupting this protein could severely reduce nematode infections, making it a powerful method for reducing crop damage.
A study by University of Arizona researchers found that nearly half of the time American children spend with their grandparents involves interacting with or watching media on a screen. Grandparents may want to watch along with their grandchildren or just want to understand what the children are watching.
Single-cell RNA sequencing reveals reduced testicular spermatogonia and spermatocytes in C-Nap1-null mice. Type B spermatogonia differentiation and meiotic initiation are impaired, with genes like Ctnnb1 and Aurka affected.
Researchers analyzed sediment cores from four lakes in Guatemala, revealing the distinct direction of ground shaking during a magnitude 7.5 earthquake that devastated the country in 1976. The unusual pattern showed thicker deposits at the end of the fault rupture, indicating directional shaking.
A study by Christie Rowe and Alex Hatem found that faults are typically branching networks of fault strands, making them hundreds of meters wide. This suggests that significant parts of the broad array of fractures can be activated in a single earthquake.
A new study reveals that current smokers and recent ex-smokers face higher odds of postoperative complications, particularly among younger and healthier individuals. The research highlights the urgent need for effective smoking cessation strategies in elective surgical systems.
A new study suggests that a key enzyme in lipid metabolism, ELOVL2, plays a critical role in maintaining a healthy immune system as we age. Decreased activity of the enzyme speeds up immune system changes associated with aging, impairing the development of B cells and altering the expression of cancer-associated genes.
Researchers are extending the earthquake history of northeastern North America by analyzing Native American place names and languages, revealing regular seismic activity and past large earthquakes. The study found that words for earthquake exist in several tribes' languages, suggesting a repetitive phenomenon.
A study published by the European Association for the Study of Obesity found that women are significantly more aware of and have a better understanding of obesity drugs like semaglutide and tirzepatide. Understanding tolerable side effects, effectiveness, and ability to maintain weight loss is crucial for people commencing treatment.
The PUNCH mission has successfully collected its first images of the solar corona using four small spacecraft that act as a single virtual instrument. The images show the outer atmosphere of the Sun in stunning detail, with scientists aiming to remove background light and preserve the faint signal of the solar wind.
The NRL's Narrow Field Imager (NFI) has captured its first light images, primarily focused on calibrating the instrument and confirming pointing accuracy. The NFI will enable scientists to study the Sun's corona in unprecedented detail, helping to understand and predict coronal mass ejections.
A new smart insole system monitors how people walk in real time to improve posture and provide early warnings for conditions like plantar fasciitis and Parkinson’s disease. The system offers high-resolution spatial sensing, self-powering capability, and combines with machine learning algorithms.
A rodent study found hnRNP A1 regulates myelin production and maintains its integrity, suggesting an impact on neurodegenerative diseases like schizophrenia. The findings provide new insights into the disease's molecular basis and potential treatments.
The CDC report found an overall prevalence of autism of 1 in 31 among 8-year-olds, with significant differences by racial and ethnic background. Among Maryland 4-year-olds, the prevalence was 1 in 41, with boys being more likely to be identified with autism than girls.
A recent study in Ghana highlights key factors influencing maternal nutrition and infant feeding practices, revealing food insecurity and economic constraints as significant challenges. The study emphasizes the importance of creating tailored nutrition education programs that address the specific needs of young mothers.
The University of Texas at Arlington's 23 patents granted in 2024 helped boost the UT System's position among the nation's top innovators in patent technology. The UT System ranks No. 3 in the National Academy of Inventors' prestigious top 100 ranking.
Laurie Manjikian has been promoted to lead home- and community-based services with deep expertise. She successfully expanded the rehabilitation department and implemented management systems to achieve industry standards in productivity and clinical outcomes.
Calmming the brain's immune cells via norepinephrine may prevent or lessen Alzheimer's inflammation and damage. The study highlights a key role of norepinephrine in mitigating early inflammatory changes and neuronal injury.
Swim Across America has awarded two $450,000 grants to support novel gene and base editing techniques in advanced cancer research. These grants will accelerate the development of potential gene-edited cancer treatments that could transform how we treat patients.
The study found a 12.3% increase in firearm incidents overall, with higher rates of non-hunting-related incidents such as suicide, alcohol-related incidents, and domestic violence during deer hunting season.
A recent study suggests that many Americans are unaware of simple food safety practices that can reduce the risk of bird flu infection. The survey found that over half of respondents did not know to pasteurize milk and more than a quarter expressed reluctance to take a potential vaccine.
Researchers create 3D photonic-crystal cavity to study ultrastrong coupling between light and matter, enabling faster and more energy-efficient quantum computing and communication technologies. The study paves the way for hyperefficient quantum processors, high-speed data transmission and next-generation sensors.
The Rice360 Institute for Global Health Technologies' 15th annual Undergraduate Design Competition showcased affordable and practical solutions to improve healthcare in low-resource settings. Teams presented lifesaving innovations, including a neonatal jaundice treatment system and low-cost prosthetics.
A study by Baylor College of Medicine researchers identifies 123 genes associated with increased AD risk in humans, including MTCH2, which shows promise as a potential therapeutic target. The team also found that reversing the alterations in these genes has a neuroprotective effect in living organisms.
The proposed elimination of NOAA Research would drastically undercut the scientific backbone needed for accurate weather forecasts and services. Key stakeholders like the American Meteorological Society and National Weather Association urge action to maintain competitiveness in weather forecasting.
Scientists have discovered a new bacterial strain, Bacillus thuringiensis RZ2MS9, that can enhance the growth of soybeans and corn when combined with rhizobia. This partnership reduces fertilizer use, saving Brazilian growers an estimated USD 15 billion annually.
ACM has joined India's ONOS initiative, providing 6,500 government-funded institutions with Premium Access to the ACM Digital Library. This enables authors to publish unlimited Open Access articles without APCs, increasing global visibility and reach of Indian research.
Researchers evaluated 11 commercially available yeasts to identify their strengths based on chemical analysis and sensory panel opinions. Maltose-negative yeasts offer different benefits, including the ability to produce style-specific, high-quality nonalcoholic beers with desired flavor profiles.
A new study published in Sleep reveals a strong connection between insomnia symptoms, sleep medication use, and disability in older adults. The research found that incremental increases in insomnia symptoms and sleep medication use were associated with a 20% increased risk of disability the following year.