Articles tagged with Brain Tumors
A £1.5 million grant from Barts Charity will support brain tumour researchers at Queen Mary University of London in extending their lab-based research to clinical trials with patients. The funding aims to increase experimental treatments available to brain tumour patients and bring hope to those diagnosed with this devastating disease.
Research demonstrates how solid stress from brain tumors impacts surrounding tissue, leading to neurological dysfunction and neuronal cell death. Lithium treatment is identified as a promising strategy for preserving function in compressed brain tissue.
Recent research by Children's Tumor Foundation advances understanding of brain tumors affecting neurofibromatosis patients. Two large-scale studies have identified genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic alterations in NF1 gliomas, paving the way for targeted therapies.
Researchers found that many slow-growing NF1 gliomas contain few macrophages and produce proteins that can trigger an immune system attack, making them good candidates for treatment with immunotherapy. Clinical trials are now being planned for these high-immune tumors.
UCSF scientists create new animal model of glioma that captures the clinical lifecycle of brain tumors, allowing them to test strategies to prevent radiation-associated cognitive decline. They discover that temporarily suppressing a key immune system component can prevent this problem.
The new robotic system uses a thin probe inserted into the brain through a small hole drilled in the skull to deliver high-intensity ultrasound energy lethal to tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding brain tissue. Real-time MRI-based thermal imaging provides feedback on dose delivery, ensuring precise control and safety.
Researchers found that failing DNA repair systems lead to chromosome fragmentation and defective assembly in cancer cells. This can be treated with PARP inhibitors, which block another critical DNA repair enzyme, causing genetic damage that kills the cell.
Researchers discovered MiR-584-5p, a tiny molecule, can kill medulloblastoma and sensitizes cancer to chemotherapy and radiation. This could lead to treating the tumor with one-tenth the current required dose.
Researchers have successfully detected brain tumor DNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using a cheap and widely available technique, opening up new possibilities for monitoring and treating brain tumors. The test has the potential to increase detection rates and provide more tailored treatment approaches for patients with brain tumors.
Researchers used a compound to highlight fast-growing cancer cells, allowing surgeons to distinguish between high-grade and low-grade glioma cells. This technique improves the accuracy of diagnosing high-grade glioma during surgery, potentially increasing patient survival.
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology researchers identified a new mutation, METex14, in 14% of sGBM patients, leading to more aggressive tumor growth. A promising MET kinase inhibitor, PLB-1001, has been shown to target these tumors with remarkable potency.
Scientists at Newcastle University have made a significant discovery in treating childhood brain cancer, identifying a chromosome signature that can predict patient outcomes and tailor treatment to individual needs. This breakthrough aims to reduce toxicity and side effects while maintaining cure rates.
Research by Norwegian University of Science and Technology found that individuals with larger brains are more likely to develop brain tumors. The study, which analyzed data from over 1,000 participants, revealed a statistically significant association between brain size and increased cancer risk.
Researchers have developed a new tool to study genetic switches in glioblastoma tumors, which drive cancer growth and survival. The new technique uses ChRO-seq data to classify tumors into subtypes based on active switches, with potential applications in predicting patient outcomes and developing new therapies.
A new blood test offers a safer approach than surgical biopsies and allows doctors to monitor treatment effectiveness even before changes are identified on scans. The study found that circulating tumor DNA in the blood or cerebrospinal fluid can reveal a driver mutation in 42 of 48 patients, indicating the tumor's genetic signature.
A global update on medically significant scorpions reveals over 100 species across dozens of countries, with key clusters in Asia, Africa, and South America. The study also highlights the need for improved communication between clinicians and scientists to combat misinformation and enhance research.
A specific protein called TEAD1 has been identified as a key regulator of tumor migration in glioblastoma, a devastating form of brain cancer. By deactivating this protein, researchers may be able to stop tumor cells from migrating away from the main tumor mass, increasing the success rate and overall survival time for patients.
Researchers genetically engineered olfactory ensheathing cells to carry an anticancer drug, reducing tumor growth and improving survival in a mouse model. The treatment delivered the medication directly to glioblastoma cells while sparing healthy tissue, leading to a significant reduction in tumor size and prolonged survival.
Researchers at Barrow Neurological Institute have developed a new clinical trial regimen for treating glioblastoma, a complex brain tumor. The study demonstrates the ability of the drug AZD1775 to penetrate brain tissue and provide clinically-relevant activity against human glioblastoma.
Researchers at UTMB successfully adapted a Zika virus vaccine to target and kill glioblastoma, the deadliest form of brain tumor. The altered vaccine effectively destroyed cancerous brain cells in mice without harming healthy ones.
Researchers identified a neuronal BRAF somatic mutation causing intrinsic epileptogenicity in pediatric brain tumors, leading to a potential new therapeutic target. The mutation arose from neural stem cells and was found to alleviate seizures in animal models treated with the BRAF inhibitor Vemurafenib.
The Ben and Catherine Ivy Foundation has partnered with Barrow Neurological Institute to fund a $50 million effort to accelerate drug discovery and clinical testing for glioblastoma. The new Ivy Brain Tumor Center aims to provide individualized experimental therapies to malignant brain tumor patients worldwide.
Scientists developed a bioadhesive, wirelessly-powered implant emitting light to kill cancer cells, promising effective treatment for internal organ cancers. The device overcomes limitations of conventional photodynamic therapy by providing continuous, local light delivery.
A team of researchers developed a new strategy to overcome the blood-brain barrier's limitations in treating brain cancer. By engineering T cells with a 'homing system' molecule, they enabled these cells to cross the barrier and target tumors effectively.
Researchers found a retromer protein complex helps prevent brain tumors by recognizing and disarming harmful proteins that cause them. The discovery could lead to new treatment approaches for brain tumors.
Researchers evaluated state-of-the-art optical technology in commercial-grade operating microscopes to detect fluorescence signals produced by pro-drug 5-ALA. They found variability in signal intensity and bleaching rates, highlighting the need for standardized methods and built-in standards for reliable detection and measurement.
Researchers have made a breakthrough in treating childhood brain cancer by using stem cells to track down and deliver a drug to destroy medulloblastoma cells. The approach has shown promising results, shrinking tumors and extending life in laboratory models.
A study defines mechanisms behind focused-ultrasound-assisted treatment of brain tumors, improving drug delivery across the blood-brain barrier and into abnormal tumor tissues. The approach enhances permeability of endothelial cells lining tumor blood vessels, increasing cellular uptake of anti-cancer drugs.
Researchers identify PDGF pathway to improve anti-VEGF therapies for glioblastoma. Adding an additional inhibitor blocks PDGF, making tumors more sensitive to anti-VEGF treatments.
Researchers identified epigenetic changes that accompany glioblastoma progression and predict patient survival. DNA methylation sequencing can be used to predict clinically relevant tumor properties.
Young people who received radiation therapy for pediatric brain tumors struggle to create new memories, but retain those formed before treatment. Reduced neurogenesis in the hippocampus may contribute to this effect.
Researchers found that brain tumors can sequester immune cells in the bone marrow, preventing them from attacking the tumor. This trapping mechanism is mediated by a protein called S1P1, and releasing it may help unlock the immune cells' potential to target cancer.
Researchers studied the correlation between radiation therapy dosage to the hypothalamus and pituitary gland and development of endocrine dysfunction in pediatric and young adult patients. The study found a strong association between radiation dose and age on the development of hormone deficiencies, supporting the benefits of advanced ...
A team of researchers at Duke University Medical Center has identified missing immune cells that could potentially fight lethal brain tumors. The study found that these cells are locked away in the bone marrow due to a mechanism triggered by the brain, which is also employed by other diseases such as metastasized tumors and injuries.
MIT researchers develop a machine-learning model that reduces toxic chemotherapy and radiotherapy dosing for glioblastoma patients, maintaining tumor-shrinking potential while minimizing side effects. The model uses reinforced learning to favor lower doses and schedules, improving patient quality of life.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have developed a rapid molecular diagnostic that can determine if a tumor harbors an IDH1 or IDH2 mutation within 27 minutes. The test is coupled with a sustained release microparticle drug delivery system that provides localized treatment and prolonged survival in a mouse model.
Researchers develop targeted approach to treat glioma, using microparticles to deliver drug directly to brain. The treatment targets a specific mutation found in 20-25% of gliomas and has shown promise in extending patient survival.
A KAIST research team identified where glioblastoma mutation drivers originate, revealing that normal SVZ tissue away from the tumor contains low-level mutations. The study suggests novel ways to treat glioblastoma and implies a new paradigm for therapeutic strategies.
The INTEROCC study found no clear association between occupational exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields and risk of glioma or meningioma. However, the researchers suggest that radiofrequency magnetic fields may be associated with increased tumour promotion, warranting further investigation.
A study found that CT scans may increase brain tumor risk in children, with dose-response relationships observed between radiation exposure and tumor incidence. The researchers caution that careful justification and optimization of pediatric CT scans are essential to minimize risks.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have successfully delivered nano-size packets of genetic code called microRNAs to treat human brain tumors implanted in mice. The contents of the super-small containers were designed to target cancer stem cells, a kind of cellular
Researchers have found that the EGFR A289 mutation in glioblastoma multiforme tumors is susceptible to the Ludwig-developed antibody drug mAb806, which has shown promising results in clinical trials. The study suggests that this broader class of brain cancers may be targeted by the antibody drug.
Researchers found that a typical mutation in cancer cells blocks the body's immune response, even with immunotherapy. The tumor releases an oncometabolite that impairs T cell function, leading to re-programmed immune cells.
A study published in Cancer Cell found a rare EGFR mutation, A289D/T/V, driving more aggressive brain tumors with poorer survival rates. Researchers discovered that targeting this mutation with the monoclonal antibody drug mAb806 may reduce tumor growth and extend lives.
A team of researchers has developed a new method to measure and reconstruct interstitial fluid flow velocities in the brain. The technique reveals high variability in flow rates and magnitudes, contradicting the classical idea of a uniform flow rate. This discovery could potentially help predict tumor growth and improve cancer treatments.
Researchers discovered that cancerous cells in an aggressive type of childhood brain tumour work together to infiltrate the brain. The study found that DIPG cells can exert a profound influence on each other, leading to tumour growth and spread.
Researchers have identified a DNA-level biomarker, MGMT promoter methylation, as an independent prognostic marker of high-risk, low-grade glioma in patients treated with temozolomide and radiotherapy. This biomarker can predict patient outcomes, with patients having methylated tumors showing improved survival rates.
A genetically modified poliovirus therapy developed at Duke Cancer Institute has shown significantly improved long-term survival for patients with recurrent glioblastoma, with a three-year survival rate of 21 percent. The therapy preferentially targets tumor cells and ignites a targeted immune response.
A pioneering CAR T-cell immunotherapy trial has been launched at Seattle Children's for children and young adults with relapsed or refractory HER2-positive central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The trial aims to provide these patients with a second line of defense by delivering cancer-fighting CAR T cells directly into the brain.
A study led by Diogo Castro discovered a genetic programme that controls the invasiveness of glioblastoma tumors. The researchers found that Zeb1, a previously known molecule involved in glioblastoma invasiveness, plays a crucial role in enabling cancer cells to invade surrounding brain tissue.
Scientists have discovered a new compound that reactivates the BAI1 gene, blocking medulloblastoma growth in mice. The compound, KCC-07, targets a protein called Mbd2, which is involved in silencing genes.
Researchers developed a new NIR-II fluorescent molecule for dual fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging, offering high resolution and penetration depth for precise noninvasive brain-tumor diagnosis. The method demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, accurately assessing tumor location and depth in brain tissue.
Researchers identified a pair of genes, EphB4 and ephrin-B2, that are silenced in healthy adult tissue but reactivated in tumors resistant to treatment. Adding an experimental inhibitor targeting these genes to existing therapies improved survival rates in mice models.
A new atlas maps out comprehensive information on glioblastoma at the cellular and molecular levels, aiming to improve diagnosis and treatment. The atlas, created by an international team led by Jill S. Barnholtz-Sloan, provides a road map of different cells and potential molecular changes in glioblastoma tumors.
Researchers at UCLA have developed a personalized glioblastoma vaccine that shows promise in increasing long-term survival. The vaccine, known as DCVax-L, has been shown to extend median survival time from 15-17 months to 23.1 months.
Ibrutinib, a drug approved for lymphoma and leukemia, shows potential in treating glioblastoma by slowing tumor growth and extending survival rates. Combining ibrutinib with radiation therapy overcomes resistance and extends lifespan more effectively than either treatment alone.
Researchers created personalized brain models using The Virtual Brain platform, accurately predicting the effects of tumors on brain connectivity. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities for integrating neuroimaging data with virtual brain modeling to enhance surgical planning.
A new cream containing rapamycin has been shown to significantly reduce disfiguring facial tumors in people with tuberous sclerosis complex, with 80% of patients experiencing a significant improvement. The treatment offers hope for individuals affected by the condition, which affects over 50,000 people in the US.
Using MR spectroscopy imaging, researchers found that a novel IDH1 inhibitor reduced levels of the oncometabolite 2HG in patients with IDH1-mutated gliomas. The study showed a potential metabolic reprogramming of the tumor in response to treatment.
A team of St. Jude researchers discovered a medulloblastoma subtype that can be treated with reduced-intensity chemotherapy, improving survival rates for infants. The study found that 75% of patients with the subtype were alive five years after diagnosis, with low-risk patients having even better outcomes.