Articles tagged with Brain Tumors
Scientists developed a novel nanotechnology-based approach that successfully delivered checkpoint inhibitors directly to brain tumors, triggering a local immune response and inducing tumor cell death. The treatment has shown promising results in laboratory mice, providing hope for longer survival rates for patients with glioblastoma
Scientists used single-cell transcriptomics to map cell types and molecular cascades driving medulloblastoma growth. They discovered new treatment targets, including the HIPPO-YAP/TAZ pathway, which can be targeted with an FDA-approved cancer drug.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have found that the AH receptor can actually block invasion of glioblastoma cells, rather than promoting it. Adding certain ligands to the receptor has been shown to inhibit cell invasion and provide additional protection to the brain.
A team of scientists has discovered that the three-dimensional shape of an RNA molecule, called MEG3, is essential for its role in tumor suppression. The researchers found two critical elements within the molecule that form 'kissing loops', which interact with each other to maintain its function.
Researchers at the University of Sussex have identified novel biomarkers in bodily fluids that could signal the presence of glioblastoma. These biomarkers are associated with extracellular vesicles and may enable a simpler way to test for the tumor, rather than a biopsy.
Researchers have identified key proteins that determine tumor aggression in male and female flies, which could lead to specific treatments for men and women. The study found that removing a protein called Phf7 reduced the aggressiveness of tumors in males.
Researchers at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center tested non-invasive electrical stimulation on patients with brain tumors, finding decreased blood flow within tumors while leaving the rest of the brain unchanged. The study suggests that repeated treatments could modify tumor growth and progression.
A two-step gene therapy treatment has shown promise in treating recurrent glioblastoma by boosting IL-12 production and enhancing antitumor immune cell infiltration. The treatment has also been found to be safe, with serious side effects easily reversible after discontinuing treatment.
A recent study using single-cell sequencing has revealed that glioblastoma, a deadly brain cancer, can shift among four distinct cell types, each requiring separate targeted therapy. The findings indicate a need for combination treatments and provide new insights into the cancer's plastic nature.
Researchers found that adding MS drug teriflunomide to targeted cancer therapy significantly shrinks glioblastoma tumors and improves mouse survival. The treatment targets cancer stem cells, which are responsible for tumor recurrence.
Researchers develop new drug IP1867B to combat brain tumours by targeting multiple pathways, reducing tumour size and boosting treatment effectiveness. The breakthrough could lead to improved treatments for glioblastoma, a highly aggressive form of human brain cancer.
A Rutgers-led team developed a groundbreaking procedure using a paramedian forehead flap to repair a patient's skull base after all other treatments failed. The innovative technique successfully closed the hole and prevented cerebrospinal fluid leak and meningitis.
A Phase 0 clinical trial shows ribociclib effectively targets glioblastoma cells and breaks the blood-brain barrier, offering a new treatment hope. The study identifies a potential mechanism of drug resistance, paving the way for a combined-drug regimen to overcome resistance.
A study by St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and Massachusetts General Hospital has revealed the cells of origin for four known subtypes of medulloblastoma, a malignant pediatric brain tumor. The researchers used single-cell RNA sequencing to shed light on the relationship between the subtypes and provided new insights into Group 4...
Researchers discovered that a repurposed heart drug can overcome chemotherapy resistance in over a third of ependymoma patients. The study found that the presence of ABCB1, a protein pumping out chemotherapy drugs, is associated with poorer outcomes and lower survival rates.
Research studies using liquid biopsy and ddPCR technology found that mutant BRAF ctDNA levels can predict treatment efficacy in advanced melanoma patients, while ctDNA may not reliably detect brain metastases. Meanwhile, chimeric cell-free DNA tracked tumor recurrence in hepatocellular carcinoma patients.
A study identified Glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 1 (GPD1) as a molecular marker specific to dormant glioma stem cells. GPD1-producing cells are resistant to chemotherapy and radiation, and their activation leads to tumor relapse.
Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to visualize macrophages in living mice with brain tumors, finding clear morphological and behavioral differences between blood-derived and brain-resident macrophages. Blocking macrophage infiltration improved survival in treated mice.
Research by Georgia State University found that women undergoing radiation therapy for pediatric brain tumors are more likely to experience long-term cognitive issues. Female survivors were more negatively affected in activities of daily living and higher-order skills compared to male counterparts.
A study published in CANCER journal found that childhood brain tumor survivors who received radiotherapy at a young age experience cognitive and socioeconomic burdens decades after treatment. Interventions like cognitive therapies may be needed to mitigate these effects.
Researchers found that administering anti-inflammatory treatments before surgery can eliminate the spread of cancer cells and promote prolonged survival in animal models. These findings suggest a potential paradigm shift in cancer treatment approaches, particularly for patients undergoing resectable cancers.
A new artificial nose technology helps neurosurgeons identify cancerous tissue during brain tumor surgery by analyzing surgical smoke. The system achieved an accuracy of 83% in classifying samples from brain tumors, with improved performance for low-malignancy tumours.
Researchers discovered a molecular mechanism that allows cancer cells to regenerate and evade therapy, but found treatments that can target these cells. The study provides a new logic for identifying therapies that can kill hard-to-kill cancer cells.
Researchers found that immune cells recruited by tumor cells drive faster growth, suggesting targeting immune system cells could slow brain tumor growth in people with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). The study suggests reprogramming T cells to shut down tumors, a promising new strategy for treating NF1.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins Medicine found a distinct subtype of primary central nervous system lymphoma suitable for surgical removal, offering improved outcomes and potential cure rates. The study suggests a shift in treatment approach, moving away from traditional biopsy, radiotherapy, and high-dose chemotherapy.
A study published in PLOS Medicine found that a computer-assisted diagnostic procedure can detect the growth of low-grade brain tumors earlier and at smaller volumes than current clinical methods. This could lead to reduced delays in detecting tumor growth and potentially improve patient outcomes.
A novel imaging technique using scorpion venom-derived protein BLZ-100 has shown promise in detecting and removing brain tumors. The agent binds to tumor cells and glows under near-infrared laser stimulation, enhancing surgical visualization. Clinical trials demonstrate the imaging system's safety and effectiveness.
Researchers use optical coherence tomography to analyze tissue samples and identify differences between malignant and healthy cells, simplifying tumor removal operations. The technology offers higher resolution than ultrasound or MRI, allowing for more accurate diagnoses and improved patient outcomes.
Young cancer survivors with severe hearing loss experience significant declines in reading skills due to processing speed and phonological difficulties. Interventions focusing on neurocognitive and language-based skills can help improve reading mastery before tackling more complex tasks.
Researchers have identified normal cells that can transform into cancerous cells in the brain, leading to a better understanding of childhood brain tumors. The study used single-cell sequencing technology and mouse models to pinpoint these cells, which were observed much earlier in fetal development than expected.
A new study presents evidence that pencil beam scanning proton therapy offers the best hope of preserving cognitive functions in children with brain tumors. The treatment delivers low doses of radiation to critical areas of the brain, including the temporal lobes and hippocampus.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine have uncovered the role of a neurotransmitter called N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) in the spread of aggressive cancers. NAAG is found to be more abundant in higher-grade cancers, making it a potential marker for tumor progression or regression during cancer therapy.
Researchers discovered multiple potential targets for glioblastoma by systematically profiling patient-derived brain tumour cells. They found that adult glioblastoma cells rely on genes important for brain development in infancy, highlighting the need for new research to understand the developing human brain.
Researchers developed a method to distinguish tumor margins from healthy tissues using bright spot analysis in confocal microscopy. The technique showed promise in differentiating glioblastoma tumors from surrounding brain tissue and has potential applications for tumors without 5-ALA-derived red fluorescence.
A team of researchers developed an AI method for automated image analysis of brain tumors, which outperforms traditional radiological methods. The new approach enables more reliable and precise assessment of therapy response, improving overall survival predictions.
A phase I clinical trial has found a new combination therapy to be well-tolerated in patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas, a disease historically under-funded. The treatment combines ADI-PEG20, pemetrexed and cisplatin, showing encouraging efficacy and paving the way for further research.
Researchers found that low-dose radiation increases the uptake of therapeutic nanoparticles by glioblastomas, allowing for targeted siRNA delivery and improved survival in mouse models. The therapy also activates the immune response at the tumor site, decreasing PD-L1 expression and increasing CD8 T cell recruitment.
Researchers at Sanford Burnham Prebys have created a mouse model of choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC), a challenging type of brain cancer that affects young children. The study identified three promising drug compounds with biological activity, including dinaciclib and flavopiridol.
Patients often downplay minor symptoms, fearing a waste of doctor's time, and may struggle to revisit their GP after reassurance, highlighting the need for increased awareness and timely investigation.
Researchers found that combining carboplatin and everolimus increased DNA damage and cell death in laboratory models, slowing tumor growth. The treatment showed promise in killing tumor cells and reducing tumor size, especially in tumors with high mTOR expression.
Researchers identified three key genetic drivers of glioblastoma development, including the activation of telomerase. Early tumors exhibit concurrent genetic alterations, but recurrent tumors display distinct mutation patterns. This study highlights the need for new treatments to effectively target resistant subclones.
A study using high-resolution MRI scans found that protein content in glioma tumors is associated with treatment response and patient survival. The research suggests that assessing tumor protein levels could help choose the best possible treatment strategy for patients.
Researchers found that brain metastases from melanoma are equipped to thwart immunotherapies and targeted therapies due to their reliance on oxidative phosphorylation metabolism. This metabolic pathway presents a potentially new therapeutic against these lethal tumors.
A preclinical study has identified a potential treatment strategy for low-grade gliomas, a common and lethal form of brain tumor. The researchers found that certain mutations in genes IDH1, TP53, and ATRX make glioma cells less aggressive and resistant to radiation therapy.
Researchers at the University of Bonn have reported significant progress in treating aggressive brain tumors like glioblastoma. Combination chemotherapy with CCNU and temozolomide significantly prolongs patients' survival time, with a notable benefit for those with methylated MGMT promoter.
A genetic mutation in glioma tumors makes them resistant to radiation treatment, but a new study suggests that currently available drugs can restore sensitivity. This breakthrough could lead to extended survival and improved treatment options for patients with low-grade gliomas.
Researchers identified a translocation between chromosomes 4 and 9 in acinic cell carcinomas, leading to the activation of oncogenic genes. This discovery sheds light on the molecular causes of salivary gland cancer, enabling easier diagnosis and potentially new treatment options.
A study by MGH researchers reveals that brain tumors use existing blood vessels to resist anti-angiogenic drugs, leading to compression and stimulation of angiogenesis. The study suggests targeting vessel co-option before using anti-angiogenic drugs could be an effective strategy for glioblastoma treatment.
A FSU research team discovered medulloblastoma's heterogeneity makes it challenging to treat. By pinpointing specific driver gene mutations, they hope to develop individualized treatments using advanced bioinformatics tools.
The foundation awarded over $4.7 million in grants to support innovative projects and breakthrough discoveries in cancer research. Young scientists will receive funding to pursue careers in cancer research and develop novel therapies.
Researchers at MD Anderson Cancer Center have discovered a link between FGL2 protein and glioblastoma progression. FGL2, known for suppressing the immune system, is highly expressed in GBM and can be eliminated by knocking it out, eliminating tumor progression in mice with intact immune systems.
A targeted therapy that blocks the protein LSD1 has been shown to shrink tumors in mice with a form of pediatric brain cancer known as medulloblastoma. The treatment, which is currently being tested in clinical trials for other cancers, may offer new hope for children with this devastating disease.
Researchers have engineered immune cells to target different types of pediatric solid tumors, including brain tumors, with promising results. The treatment uses a surface marker called B7-H3, which is expressed on most pediatric cancer cells, and has been shown to eradicate tumors in mice.
A new study describes a novel approach to suppressing chemotherapy-induced tumor growth and recurrence in ovarian cancer. Researchers developed an anti-inflammatory drug called PTUPB that blocks the release of tumor-promoting chemicals by macrophages.
A £1.5 million grant from Barts Charity will support brain tumour researchers at Queen Mary University of London in extending their lab-based research to clinical trials with patients. The funding aims to increase experimental treatments available to brain tumour patients and bring hope to those diagnosed with this devastating disease.
Research demonstrates how solid stress from brain tumors impacts surrounding tissue, leading to neurological dysfunction and neuronal cell death. Lithium treatment is identified as a promising strategy for preserving function in compressed brain tissue.
Recent research by Children's Tumor Foundation advances understanding of brain tumors affecting neurofibromatosis patients. Two large-scale studies have identified genetic, epigenetic, and metabolic alterations in NF1 gliomas, paving the way for targeted therapies.
Researchers found that many slow-growing NF1 gliomas contain few macrophages and produce proteins that can trigger an immune system attack, making them good candidates for treatment with immunotherapy. Clinical trials are now being planned for these high-immune tumors.
UCSF scientists create new animal model of glioma that captures the clinical lifecycle of brain tumors, allowing them to test strategies to prevent radiation-associated cognitive decline. They discover that temporarily suppressing a key immune system component can prevent this problem.
The new robotic system uses a thin probe inserted into the brain through a small hole drilled in the skull to deliver high-intensity ultrasound energy lethal to tumors while minimizing damage to surrounding brain tissue. Real-time MRI-based thermal imaging provides feedback on dose delivery, ensuring precise control and safety.