Articles tagged with Kidney
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A new treatment protocol has been shown to dramatically increase the survival rate of patients with incompatible kidneys, doubling their chances of eight-year survival. The treatment involves removing problematic antibodies from a patient's blood prior to transplant and aims to replace them with low-dose IVIg, resulting in an 80.6% sur...
The elimination of the national kidney allocation policy has improved minority access to transplants, with minorities now transplanted in proportion to their representation on the waiting list. The overall number of deceased donor transplants rose 23%, with a larger increase for minorities.
Vanderbilt University researchers found that dopamine in the kidneys plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure and life span. The study suggests that targeting the kidney dopamine system may be effective in treating hypertension and progressive kidney diseases.
A retrospective cohort study examines the relationship between HLA-DR mismatching and rejection in pediatric kidney transplant patients. The study found that patients with 1- or 2-HLA-DRB1 mismatches had a 70% increased risk of allograft rejection, while those with a history of rejection had a 7.7 times greater odds of graft failure.
The waiting list for organ transplantation is often artificially inflated, with inactive patients representing a significant proportion of those listed. This can lead to a mismatch between the needs of patients and the availability of organs, ultimately affecting patient outcomes and resource allocation.
A landmark study from Monash University found that preterm babies have fewer nephrons and underdeveloped kidneys, increasing their risk of renal disease. The research aims to develop strategies to minimize the consequences of preterm birth and improve kidney development in these babies.
Researchers have successfully implanted lab-grown blood vessels from donor skin cells into patients, a breakthrough that could improve treatment for kidney dialysis and coronary bypass surgery. The vessels withstood high pressure and frequent needle punctures without rejecting the immune system, paving the way for widespread use.
A new anti-inflammatory drug has been shown to improve kidney function in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic kidney disease. The study found significant increases in estimated glomerular filtration rates at weeks 24 and 52, with continued benefits after discontinuation.
Researchers discovered that ghrelin is required for prolonged psychosocial stress to promote preference for high-fat food in mice. A ketogenic diet also suppresses seizures by reducing adenosine levels, while HDL from patients with coronary artery disease has different effects on blood vessel lining cells compared to healthy individuals.
Researchers found that PKD1 gene activity is key to cyst formation in various forms of polycystic kidney and liver disease. Modulating PKD1 dosage may slow disease progression, providing a promising therapeutic target.
Patients with elevated FGF-23 levels had a higher risk of end-stage renal disease and death, even at early stages of chronic kidney disease. The association was found across different estimated glomerular filtration rates (GFR) categories.
Researchers found that Aurora A was up-regulated and activated in epithelial cells lining PKD patient kidneys, binding to and phosphorylating polycystin-2. Inhibition of Aurora A boosted intracellular calcium levels, suggesting it may be a viable therapeutic target for boosting polycystin-2 activity in certain patients.
Researchers have discovered that protein kinase C inhibitors can block kidney damage caused by the cancer drug cisplatin. This finding suggests using these inhibitors as an adjunct therapy to reduce toxicity and improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers at Georgia Health Sciences University have identified PKC-delta as a critical regulator of cisplatin-mediated kidney toxicity. Inhibiting this protein not only protected the kidneys but also enhanced the antitumor effects of cisplatin in mouse tumor models.
A Canadian study found Aboriginal children with kidney failure were less likely to receive a kidney transplant compared to white children. The study revealed that Aboriginal children had more immune-mediated kidney diseases and shorter waiting times on dialysis before transplantation, leading to lower rates of successful transplants.
Researchers replicated inflammatory gene changes of human kidney progression from mild to severe diabetic nephropathy using a mouse model. The study could lead to new understanding and potential treatments for diabetic nephropathy, the leading cause of kidney failure.
A new study examines the trend of radical nephrectomy rates in patients with clinically localized renal masses and finds that despite guidelines recommending kidney preservation, laparoscopic procedures have become more prevalent than expected. This shift may lead to increased morbidity and mortality due to chronic renal insufficiency.
Researchers at Monash University have successfully reprogrammed healthy adult kidney cells into embryonic-like stem cells, offering a new approach to modeling genetic kidney disorders and developing personalized medicine. The breakthrough enables the creation of limitless patient-specific stem cell lines for drug testing and disease mo...
Patients with small kidney tumors are more likely to be offered partial nephrectomy based on surgeon's case volume and type of practice. Fellowship-trained surgeons in academic centers were 70-80% more likely to follow guidelines, while those in private practice saw fewer patients offered radical nephrectomy.
Researchers found that kidneys from donors with specific coding changes in the apolipoprotein L1 gene had shorter survival rates after transplant. The study suggests that genetic risk variants in kidney donors can predict graft loss and may lead to improved outcomes for both recipients and donors.
The US medical workforce is facing a kidney brain drain as fewer students adopt nephrology as a career. Despite the growing health problem of kidney disease, many students believe nephrologists are overworked and underpaid. However, experts propose strategies to improve interest in nephrology, including providing stimulating experience...
A study found that 16% of dialysis patients have limited health literacy, with those having lower educational levels and certain racial/ethnic groups more affected. This limitation can impact patient adherence to treatment and overall kidney health outcomes.
TZDs act on PPARγ, enhancing sodium transport and water reabsorption, but also have direct effects on kidney channels, explains a recent Cell Metabolism study. The findings may lead to combination therapy and selective PPARγ modulators to prevent massive fluid retention.
A study implemented strict protocols for administering gadolinium-based contrast agents, eliminating new cases of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. The protocol has been effective in preventing the condition in patients with decreased kidney function.
A new study reveals that women are 60% more likely than men to experience radiocontrast-induced nephropathy, a type of kidney damage, after undergoing coronary angiograms. Researchers theorize that a woman's smaller size may be a contributing factor, suggesting potential adjustments to contrast dye dosages.
Chronic kidney disease is common among the elderly and linked to cardiovascular disease. The study found that different formulas for estimating kidney function yield varying prevalence rates, emphasizing the need for a gold standard.
Researchers found that an appropriate dose of pirfenidone halted decline and improved kidney function in patients with diabetic nephropathy. The study suggests that the drug may be useful in treating other types of fibrotic diseases, including focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
A new biomarker called NGAL in urine or blood detects early subclinical AKI and its adverse outcomes in critically ill patients, allowing for earlier conventional medical interventions. The study's findings justify redefining what defines AKI and recommend using NGAL-based testing to improve prognosis.
A population-based retrospective study found that taking statins before major elective surgery reduces potentially serious kidney complications and premature death. Statin use was associated with lower incidence of acute kidney injury, dialysis need, and mortality.
A new study published in American Journal of Transplantation found that progressive damage to kidney transplants is less common and less severe than previously reported. The study, involving 797 patients, showed that 87% of patients had mild or no signs of progressive scar damage at one year after transplant.
An intensivist-led approach to caring for brain dead donors can lead to a greater likelihood of recovering organs for transplant. This team-based care involves monitoring and managing donor bodies to optimize organ function and increase the pool of available organs.
A study of Joslin Medalists reveals that some individuals with diabetes for decades exhibit remarkably few complications, pointing to the presence of protective molecular mechanisms. The researchers identified a link between advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and both disease progression and protection.
Research reveals significant increases in ESRD incidence among patients with lupus nephritis, particularly in younger populations and African Americans. Despite advances in treatment, outcomes have not improved over a decade, highlighting the need for further research to identify modifiable risk factors and interventions.
The current US kidney allocation system prioritizes wait time over post-transplant survival, leading to higher repeat transplantation rates. Researchers propose ranking kidneys by potential post-transplant survival and matching them with candidates who have the longest expected survival.
The 20th anniversary of the first laparoscopic nephrectomy celebrates a groundbreaking achievement in surgical technique. Dr. Ralph Clayman's pioneering work paved the way for modern endourology and minimally invasive procedures, revolutionizing urologic surgery.
A four-year study aims to develop drugs that inhibit the degradation of protective metabolites in the kidneys, which are damaged by diabetes. Researchers hope these inhibitors could halt the progression of diabetic nephropathy and slow the rise of end-stage renal disease.
A study found that depression is associated with a higher risk of developing chronic kidney disease and rapid decline in kidney function. Depression was also linked to increased hospitalizations due to acute kidney injury, even after adjusting for other medical factors.
A study published in the Clinical Journal of the American Society Nephrology found that kidney transplant recipients who engage in little physical activity face increased risks of dying prematurely. The research suggests that patients need to exercise to fend off an early death and maintain heart health, which is crucial for these indi...
A study found racial disparities in kidney transplantation rates, with non-Hispanic whites and Asians receiving transplants at higher rates. Barriers to transplantation vary among racial and ethnic groups, including socioeconomic factors and regional organ availability.
Robotic surgery shows comparable or superior results to traditional laparoscopic procedures for treating kidney disease, benefiting more patients due to reduced learning curve. More surgeons may master the technique, expanding access to minimally invasive treatment.
Despite significant advances in kidney care, type 1 diabetes patients with kidney dysfunction continue to face increased risks of kidney failure and heart-related death. New therapies are needed to retard progression to end-stage renal disease.
Researchers have identified a new cellular mechanism underlying hydronephrosis by studying kidney development in mice. Genetic mutations in the Hedgehog signaling pathway impaired urine flow from the kidney to the bladder, leading to hydronephrosis.
Sharing educational materials with kidney transplant recipients increased their likelihood of performing self-examinations and detecting skin cancers, according to a randomized controlled trial. The intervention also improved knowledge and attitudes towards skin cancer risk, leading to more follow-up appointments with dermatologists.
Researchers found that Klotho hormone levels are low in patients with chronic kidney disease, which can lead to serious side effects. Restoring adequate Klotho levels improved renal function and reduced vascular calcification in mice with CKD.
Researchers found that transplanting autologous renal progenitor cells into rats with kidney damage from pyelonephritis improved kidney structure and function. The study demonstrated benefits for a disease characterized by severe inflammation, renal function impairment, and scarring.
A multi-cultural study highlights low awareness of kidney risks in diabetes patients, particularly from South Asian communities. Many patients expressed surprise and regret upon learning about the connection between diabetes and kidney disease.
Patients with large kidney tumors benefit from nephron-sparing surgery, which preserves more kidney tissue and reduces chronic kidney disease risk. Researchers found that this approach resulted in better long-term kidney health outcomes compared to radical nephrectomy.
Researchers at Brigham and Women's Hospital have identified a progenitor cell in adult zebrafish kidneys that can be transplanted to generate new nephrons. This finding offers hope for improving kidney function and treating renal disease.
A team of researchers has created a 'reporter mouse' that can detect kidney damage in real-time by generating light, offering a potential solution to current diagnosis methods. The technique uses the NGAL protein, which can report toxic cellular stresses, and meets the criteria for a true biomarker.
A recent study found significant disparities between the race of kidney disease patients and physicians who care for them. Increasing diversity among kidney specialists could improve patient trust and care. Recruiting more African Americans into nephrology training programs may alleviate health disparities in ESRD patients.
Researchers have found that rt-PA can help prevent both catheter malfunction and blood stream infections in hemodialysis patients. The study, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, showed a significant reduction in complications among patients who received rt-PA.
Researchers found vasopressin in brain prevents neuronal swelling by maintaining neuron size, contrasting with kidney function. This discovery may aid in treating cerebral edema conditions, such as those caused by brain trauma or infarction.
A DNA sequence variant, impairing kidney function channels, is associated with an increased risk of heart failure. The variant may be treated with drugs used for high blood pressure.
Scientists at the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio have discovered that sodium handling in the distal nephron is controlled by a local regulatory system. This system helps set blood pressure and its dysfunction leads to hypertension.
A recent heart attack study found that patients with lower kidney function have poor medication adherence, with only 50-60% of prescribed medications taken over three years. This highlights the need for targeted strategies to improve medication adherence in this high-risk population.
A study found that patients with lower kidney function had lower long-term adherence rates for three major heart medications, increasing the risk of hospitalization and death. Medication non-adherence was significantly lower for patients who had lower levels of kidney function at the beginning of the study.
A study published by the American Society of Nephrology found that home-based peritoneal dialysis can be just as effective as hemodialysis for patients returning to dialysis after a kidney transplant failure. The research showed similar mortality rates for both types of dialysis, providing hope for patients who may have previously been...
A study found that most primary care physicians and kidney specialists prefer shared care for patients with progressive chronic kidney disease, but their preferences on how and when to collaborate differ. Effective collaboration is crucial in slowing CKD progression or preparing patients for dialysis or transplantation.
Researchers found that cystatin C is more accurate than creatinine in predicting serious complications of kidney disease, including death and cardiovascular disease. A new test using cystatin C may be used to confirm or stage chronic kidney disease.
A new blood test has been identified as an effective way to measure individuals at increased risk of developing kidney disease complications. The study found that measuring cystatin C can accurately identify those with impaired kidney function and distinguish them from those with low risk.