Articles tagged with Regulation By Phosphorylation
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Researchers identified unique biological mechanisms that cause premature aging in the brains of individuals with alcohol, opioid, and stimulant use disorders. Different substances appear to hijack the brain's natural aging rhythm through distinct molecular mechanisms, though some pathways are shared across different substance types.
The study reveals that CBL-CIPK complex senses specific Ca2+ signals, phosphorylates ZIP12, and initiates its partial degradation to fine-tune the plant's response to Zn deficiency environments. This negative feedback mechanism effectively regulates zinc homeostasis and maintains efficient resource utilization.
The study reveals that centromeric R-loops play a critical role in ensuring chromosome alignment during oocyte meiotic divisions. Disruption of R-loop homeostasis leads to spindle assembly defects and chromosomal misalignment, highlighting the importance of R-loops in maintaining genomic stability.
Researchers have made a major breakthrough in synthetic biology by developing a new construction kit for building custom sense-and-respond circuits in human cells. The new approach harnesses the power of phosphorylation to amplify weak input signals into macroscopic outputs, enabling rapid response times and sensitivity to external sig...
A groundbreaking study reveals lithium can restore brain function and alleviate behavioral symptoms in animal models of autism spectrum disorder caused by Dyrk1a gene mutations. Lithium normalizes brain size, restores neural structure and function, and improves social interaction and anxiety behaviors.
Researchers from the Chinese Academy of Sciences uncover the mechanism behind strigolactone perception, which regulates rice tiller development in response to nitrogen levels. The study reveals a unique 'gas and brake' mechanism that allows for smart regulation of SL signaling.
Scientists have identified a novel molecular mechanism underlying brain cell communication, regulating excitatory synapse maturation and contributing to anxiety disorders. The study reveals the TrkC-PTPσ complex governs synaptic protein phosphorylation, leading to abnormal synapse organization and behavioral defects in mice.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences have provided mechanistic insights into the activation of SLAC1, a key anion channel involved in plant guard cell signaling. Phosphorylation of SLAC1 facilitates anion efflux, leading to membrane depolarization and stomatal closure.
Researchers have discovered that PR55α, a regulatory subunit of PP2A phosphatase, inhibits p16 expression and blocks cellular senescence induction by γ-irradiation. This finding provides a new insight into the regulation of the p16/RB pathway in response to stressors.
Legume plants have a unique ability to interact with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, allowing them to thrive without external nitrogen. Researchers identified four essential phosphorylation sites on the SYMRK kinase that mediate this symbiotic relationship.
Researchers found that Angelica gigas extract improves vascular function in high-fat diet rats, reversing endothelial dysfunction and increasing NO bioavailability. The extract regulates IRE1α sulfonation and RIDD signaling, promoting NO production via the SIRT1-eNOS axis.
The study identifies FAM53C as a cytosolic-anchoring inhibitory binding protein of the kinase DYRK1A, regulating its activity and cellular location. This finding may provide potential clinical insights into treating Down syndrome and related diseases.
A comprehensive study reveals that genetics and diet significantly influence insulin signaling in skeletal muscle. The research identified thousands of novel phosphosites associated with insulin regulation and provided a unique tool for assessing phosphorylation in insulin reactions.
The study reveals the ability of organisms to achieve distinct body color patterns through precise control of pigment deposition. Gregarious locusts use their black-brown warning coloration to enhance aposematism by stimulating both visual and olfactory senses, facilitating recognition of conspecifics and maintaining large swarms.
Research identifies key molecular signatures and pathways contributing to skeletal muscle strength loss in females with estrogen deficiency. The study found parallel patterns of inhibition and activation across various signaling pathways, including AMPK and calcium signaling.
Researchers discuss cortactin's impact on cancer progression by modulating the Wnt5a/ROR1 signaling pathway. Cortactin expression is found in various cancers, including breast and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, suggesting its potential role in promoting metastasis.
Researchers found that suppressing AMPKα1 but not AMPKα2 isoforms improved aging-related impairments in mice. The study revealed novel insights into the roles of AMPK signaling pathway in cognitive aging.
Researchers have identified a gene network underlying rice grain size regulation, revealing a phosphorylation-driven auxin signaling pathway. The study found that OsTIR1–OsIAA10–OsARF4 plays a crucial role in controlling rice grain size and weight.
Researchers discovered a point mutation in the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster that leads to a temperature-dependent lengthening of circadian clock periods. The mutation affects the nuclear export signal of the PERIOD protein, resulting in its retention in the cell nucleus at higher temperatures.
A new study from the University of Tsukuba identifies a critical signaling pathway within brain cells that regulates both the length and depth of sleep. By manipulating enzymes and proteins, researchers found that altering this pathway can significantly impact sleep duration and quality.
Researchers found that CaMKII β promotes sleep onset and inhibits awakening, with its phosphorylation state controlling the transition from wakefulness to sleep. The study provides clues for ideal sleep control methods, aiming to maintain sleep duration.
A team of researchers identified a protein kinase substrate downstream of the dopamine signaling pathway regulating brain reward behavior. The study found that phosphorylation of potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily Q member 2 (KCNQ2) decreases its channel activity, increasing neuronal excitability and promoting reward behavior.
Researchers at Kyoto University have discovered a phosphorylation pathway that regulates meiotic double-strand break activity, ensuring genome stability. Enzymes ATR kinase and PP4 phosphatase work together to maintain a balance of DNA breaks, allowing for successful meiosis.
A recent study published in Aging-US reveals the crucial role of WRN in making choices between classical and alternative non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) DNA repair pathways. The research provides new insights into progeroid syndromes, such as Werner syndrome, and their connection to aging.
The newly developed KANPHOS database provides comprehensive information on kinase-associated protein phosphorylation, facilitating research into neural signaling pathways. The database contains information on phosphoproteins, phosphorylation sites, and participant kinases, allowing for searches based on various parameters.
Researchers found that Fgr binds to Numb, activating the signalosome and promoting cell differentiation and G1/0 arrest. The study provides insights into RA resistance and suggests potential therapeutic targets.
Recent studies have highlighted the significant role of Shp2, a phosphatase protein, in governing signaling response amplitude and regulating cell differentiation and growth. Dysregulation of Shp2 has been linked to various types of leukemia, including acute myeloid, juvenile myelomonocytic, and B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
The study reveals that PAR-1 and PAR-2 activation by thrombin and specific peptides differentially regulates eNOS phosphorylation, leading to increased or decreased NO production. PAR-3 induces eNOS-Thr-495 phosphorylation only, whereas PAR-4 is not expressed in human coronary artery endothelial cells.
A team of researchers has identified a new role for the RAB35 protein in cancer development, finding that it stimulates key growth-control pathways and can transform normal cells into cancerous ones. The study suggests that dysregulated membrane trafficking may play an important role in oncogenesis.
Researchers at Texas A&M University have discovered a potential new approach to slowing the spread of cancer by modifying the structure of malignant cells. By understanding how signals alter the cytoskeleton, they may uncover new targets for treatment.
Scientists have developed a new approach to survey phosphorylation in cells, revealing a previously uncharacterized protein that plays a crucial role in cancer cell invasion. The study identified ninety phosphorylation events regulated by oncogenic B-Raf and found that one target, MINERVA/FAM129B, is involved in melanoma progression.
Researchers identified issues with commonly used anti-PKC-delta antibodies that affect immunoblotting studies of phosphoproteins. This limitation may lead to misinterpretation of PKC-delta expression levels in heart cells.
Researchers identified a dual pathway involving NEP and c-Src in regulating FAK phosphorylation and cell migration. Overexpressing NEP blocks this pathway, while a mutant form of NEP retains activity through interactions with cytoplasmic factors.
Researchers have discovered how key molecules interact in the major pathway regulating cell division. Disrupting this pathway may force cancer cells to divide prematurely, favoring their death. A class of molecules that inhibit Cdc25C has also been identified, suggesting a potential target for cancer therapies.