Articles tagged with Oxygen
Researchers have discovered a mismatched composition of gases in the planet's atmosphere compared to gases within the disk. The study found that the ratio of carbon and oxygen gases in the planet is much lower than expected, suggesting that current models of planet formation may be too simplified.
Researchers at Nagoya University developed a novel porous metal-organic framework (MOF) that combines adsorption and dissolution to separate oxygen from argon. The 'adsorptive-dissolution' mechanism enhances gas separation efficiency and selectivity, with potential applications in industries requiring high-purity oxygen.
A recent study from the University of Missouri found that peripheral chemoreceptors are overactive in adults with type 2 diabetes, leading to increased cardiovascular risk. While high doses of oxygen reduced chemoreceptor activity, it did not improve glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity.
Researchers at Institute of Science Tokyo have identified key factors driving photochemical water oxidation. By fine-tuning reaction potential and pH conditions, they enhance the efficiency of this process, paving the way for more sustainable energy solutions.
A new study comparing early restrictive vs liberal oxygen for trauma patients found no significant reduction in death and/or major respiratory complications within 30 days. The study suggests that the choice of oxygen strategy may not be as critical in trauma care.
High-flow nasal oxygen was found to be more effective than noninvasive ventilation in preventing endotracheal intubation or death within 7 days in four of five patient groups with acute respiratory failure. However, the results were sensitive to analysis models and may require further study in specific patient populations.
Researchers at HZB developed a new P2X catalyst requiring less iridium than commercial materials, showing remarkable stability and different mechanisms for oxygen evolution. The study provides valuable information about catalyst performance and stability.
Researchers from Institute of Science Tokyo successfully developed a multi-element perovskite catalyst that selectively oxidizes light alkanes to alcohols with high yield and selectivity. The breakthrough catalyst operates under mild conditions and exhibits excellent stability and reusability.
Researchers developed a nano-patterned copper oxide sensor to detect hydrogen at low concentrations, outperforming previous CuO-based sensors. The sensor detects hydrogen concentrations as low as 5 parts per billion and responds quickly, making it suitable for leak detection and ensuring safe adoption of hydrogen technologies.
A group of student researchers developed a machine learning-based approach to better understand and represent the decline in global ocean oxygen levels. Their research showed that the world's oceans have lost oxygen at a rate of about 0.7% per decade from 1970 to 2010.
A new type of cationic epoxy photoresist exhibits greater sensitivity to two-photon laser exposure, enabling fast writing speeds and fine features. The material was developed by a research team led by Professor Cuifang Kuang, who achieved lithography speeds of 100 mm/s and resolution of 170 nm.
A new integrated method simplifies luminescence lifetime measurements, allowing researchers to determine lifetimes using standard camera systems. This breakthrough technique transforms fields that rely on optical sensing and chemical imaging.
Climate change is releasing more contaminants into the ocean, affecting marine ecosystems. Human activities and natural sources are mobilizing and increasing contaminant flows due to rising sea levels and melting glaciers.
For the first time, researchers have witnessed nanosized water bubbles forming in real time using a novel method that enables atomic precision. The breakthrough discovery has significant implications for practical applications, such as rapid water generation in deep space environments without extreme conditions.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new electrocatalyst by doping cobalt oxide with erbium, achieving high oxygen evolution performance and stability in acidic conditions. The Er-doped Co3O4 catalyst surpassed the performance of many precious metal-free catalysts.
A large multicentre study found no differences in quality of life, symptoms, or mortality between patients receiving 24-hour and 15-hour oxygen therapy at home. This is significant for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease undergoing long-term oxygen therapy.
Researchers developed cost-effective catalysts by incorporating chromium into transition metal hydroxides, demonstrating enhanced catalytic activity. The FeCoNiCr hydroxide catalyst showed a low overpotential of 224 mV in alkaline media, outperforming similar catalysts.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a novel approach to enhance the efficiency of the oxygen evolution reaction by introducing rare earth single atoms into manganese oxide. This leads to unprecedented improvements in OER performance, making it a suitable alternative to traditional catalysts like ruthenium dioxide.
Researchers design Na0.6[Ni0.3Ru0.3Mn0.4]O2 and vacancy-introduced Na0.7[Ni0.2V0.1Ru0.3Mn0.4]O2 compounds to enhance sodium-ion battery performance. The V-NRM compound exhibits improved capacity and rate performance, with an additional short voltage plateau at 3.9V during charging.
A new study reveals that metallic minerals on the deep-ocean floor can produce oxygen, even in complete darkness. This discovery challenges long-held assumptions that only photosynthetic organisms generate Earth's oxygen and has significant implications for our understanding of the origin of life.
Anaerobic bacteria have survived for ages in oxygen-free niches, influencing human health and environment. The 'AnoxyGen' project aims to unlock their biosynthetic potential using molecular and synthetic biology tools.
Scientists at Yokohama National University developed innovative catalysts using noble metals Rhodium and Ruthenium to facilitate cross-dehydrogenative coupling reactions. These reactions utilize oxygen as the sole oxidant, producing aryl esters with minimal waste.
Researchers found a link between ancient ocean oxygen depletion and the massive extinction of marine species during the Jurassic Period. The study provides insights into how human-made carbon emissions may lead to similar extinctions in the future.
Scientists at Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology identify a positive glutamate-NO-glutamate feedback loop that blocks long-term potentiation and impairs learning and memory. The study suggests that this loop may explain memory loss in stroke patients and potentially offer a solution for treatment.
Researchers used pyrite to study the relationship between sediment mixing and oxygen levels in ancient oceans. They found that small amounts of sediment mixing can expose buried minerals to enough oxygen to start oxygen buildup. This challenges conventional wisdom about the role of oxygen in oxygen accumulation.
Scientists at Norwegian University of Science and Technology create high-entropy hexagonal manganites for fast oxygen absorption and release. These materials can store and release pure oxygen much faster and at lower temperatures than known materials, making them a promising solution for industrial and medical applications.
Researchers from Pohang University of Science & Technology have developed a high-energy, high-efficiency all-solid-state sodium-air battery that can reversibly utilize sodium and air without additional equipment. The breakthrough overcomes the challenge of carbonate formation, increasing energy density and reducing voltage gap.
Researchers developed ultra-thin H-V2O5 nanosheets to enhance MgH2 hydrogen storage, achieving lower desorption temperatures and rapid kinetics. The composite material exhibits outstanding performance, with high capacity retention and stability.
A team of researchers has gained new understanding of metal-nitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts, crucial for the development of low-cost and efficient hydrogen generation. By analyzing twelve distinct M-N-C configurations, they discovered that potential zero charge and solvation effects play a pivotal role in pH-dependent activities.
Researchers at Hokkaido University have developed a cost-effective and high-capacity cathode material for lithium-ion batteries by doping abundantly available elements, such as aluminum and silicon. The addition of these elements forms strong covalent bonds, enhancing the material's cyclability and capacity retention.
A Japanese research team analyzed oxygen and nitrogen stable isotope ratios in nitrate to differentiate between sake breweries. The study found a distinct N isotope signature across various types of sake within a single brewery, which could be used as a marker for authentication.
A new study has unveiled key insights into the evolution of oxygen, carbon, and essential elements over Earth's entire history. The research reveals how the buildup of carbon-rich rocks accelerated oxygen production and its release into the atmosphere.
A new bioluminescence imaging technique allows for real-time monitoring of oxygen concentration in the brain, revealing previously undetected areas of temporary hypoxia. The method enables researchers to study diseases associated with hypoxia, such as Alzheimer's and vascular dementia.
A new bioluminescence imaging technique allows researchers to observe oxygen movement in the brains of mice in real-time, providing insights into diseases such as Alzheimer's and strokes. The method reveals that small areas of the brain, called 'hypoxic pockets,' can be denied oxygen for brief periods, increasing risk for these diseases.
Researchers have developed an implantable battery that runs on the body's own oxygen, providing stable power and compatibility with biological systems. The device shows promise for powering medical devices, monitoring wound healing, and even starving cancer cells.
A comprehensive study found pulse oximeters significantly overestimated oxygen saturation readings in individuals with darker skin tones. This could lead to missed treatments and incorrect diagnoses, as devices may not accurately reflect critical oxygen levels.
A study found that glitter's metal coating reduces light penetration, impairing photosynthesis of Large-flowered waterweed Egeria densa and affecting aquatic plant growth. The experiment showed a significant decrease in photosynthesis rates with the presence of glitter, highlighting the need for sustainable alternatives.
Researchers found that pulse oximeters underestimate blood pumping and overestimate resistance, affecting treatment decisions. Direct blood oxygen measurement is crucial for accurate guidance, especially for Black patients already at higher risk.
A team of scientists has developed a new treatment for chronic wounds that uses ionized gas plasma to decontaminate and heal wounds. The technology shows promise in treating diabetic foot ulcers, internal wounds, and potentially cancerous tumours.
Researchers from Ohio State University tested upcoming telescopes' ability to detect chemical traces of oxygen, carbon dioxide, methane and water on 10 rocky exoplanets. The study found that two nearby worlds, Proxima Centauri b and GJ 887 b, are highly adept at detecting biosignatures with advanced telescopes.
Researchers at University of Tsukuba discovered a correlation between hypoxia levels and clinical symptoms in UC patients. Lower oxygen saturation in the rectal mucosa was associated with greater severity of colitis, making this method a potential tool for objective measurement of disease activity.
Researchers have developed a new catalyst that exceeds 30% yield for the production of ethylene through oxidative coupling of methane, a more sustainable and economically viable method. The core-shell Li2CO3-coated mixed rare earth oxides catalyst enables sequential oxygen switching, replenishing its ability to provide oxygen for the r...
A team at the University of Cordoba has developed a biocompatible battery that uses hemoglobin as an electrochemical reaction facilitator, functioning for around 20-30 days. The battery boasts advantages such as sustainability and operation in body pH, but requires further improvement to be rechargeable.
Researchers have developed a novel method to produce a selective anticancer precursor substance. The synthesis involves the reaction of metal-active oxygen species with nitrile, utilizing cost-effective metals at lower temperatures. This breakthrough opens up new possibilities in developing innovative drugs against cancer.
Foraminifera, single-cell organisms with shells, affect oxygen distribution and bacterial diversity in sea sediments through their burrowing. They increase oxygen penetration by 15-20%, decreasing organic matter and bacterial abundance.
A study of 170 COVID-19 patients with severe ARDS found that prone positioning compared to supine positioning did not significantly reduce the time to successful weaning from ECMO. The study suggests that other factors may influence ECMO weaning outcomes.
A team of researchers developed a hexagonal BaTiO3−xNy oxynitride catalyst with basicity comparable to that of superbases. The substitution of nitride ions and oxygen vacancies into face-sharing Ti2O9 dimer sites increases the electron density, resulting in a highly basic catalyst.
Researchers have successfully observed the operating principle of promoters in a catalytic reaction in real-time. Using high-tech microscopy methods, they visualized individual La atoms' role in hydrogen oxidation. The study revealed that two surface areas of the catalyst act as pacemakers, controlled by promoter lanthanum.
New data from the James Webb Space Telescope reveals a surge in oxygen content within 500-700 million years after the Big Bang. This early appearance of oxygen suggests that life may have appeared sooner than previously thought.
A novel device, ecO2, produces oxygen at the site to keep cells alive for up to a month in vitro or weeks in vivo. This innovation improves the outcomes of cell-based therapies for diseases and injuries by increasing metabolic demand.
The study reconstructs a nearly continuous record of marine oxygen levels through the Phanerozoic using a machine learning approach. Oxygen levels in deep continental shelf seawater were negatively correlated with the production rate of the oceanic crust over timescales of 10–100 million years.
Scientists have found evidence of past oxygen loss in the world's oceans during glacial periods, indicating that current climate change may not be permanent. The discovery was made by analyzing seafloor sediments from the past 145,000 years, which showed a build-up of cobalt during the last ice age.
Researchers developed direct conversion of methane with oxygen at room temperature using edge-rich MoS2 catalyst, achieving up to 4.2% conversion rate and 99% selectivity for C1 oxygenates. The unique binuclear molybdenum site facilitates O2 dissociation and activates C-H bond.
Researchers at City University of Hong Kong have developed a new class of near-infrared-activated photo-oxidants that can effectively kill cancer cells without requiring oxygen. The discovery offers a promising direction for developing anti-cancer drugs and could overcome existing limitations of photodynamic therapies.
A novel method to obtain acetone has been developed by a scientific collaboration between researchers in Brazil and Germany, using only light and photoactive iron chloride. The process is direct, safer, and cheaper than traditional methods, with fewer stages and no high temperatures or flammable intermediaries.
An international team of scientists has discovered a link between Earth's ancient atmosphere and the chemistry of its deep mantle. The study found that sediment recycling provided atmospheric access to the mantle, leading to increased oxidation of calc-alkaline magma and altering the composition of the continental crust.
Mainz University and Evonik researchers have created an environmentally friendly process to generate dicarboxylic acids, a crucial chemical building block for polyamides. The new technique uses only oxygen, electricity, and hydrocarbon compounds, eliminating heavy metals and strong acids, and resulting in no nitrogen oxide emissions.
Researchers have developed a molecular 'singlet oxygen battery' that can target and kill methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria in deep tissue layers. The technology, which does not require external light or oxygen, is highly effective in treating pulmonary infections caused by MRSA.
Researchers developed a nanoscale material technique called inverse thermal degradation (ITD) to control high-temperature flames and tune material properties. By regulating oxygen access, ITD allows for smoldering rather than bursting into flames, producing carbon tubes with desired characteristics.
A chemical process used by cooks to create flavors and aromas is believed to have helped create conditions for complex life to evolve on Earth. The Maillard reaction, also known as the browning of food, converts small molecules into larger ones that are harder for microorganisms to break down.