Articles tagged with Protons
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Researchers have elucidated the ultrafast motions and structural characteristics of protons in water under ambient conditions, identifying the Zundel cation as a predominant species. The proton explores all locations between two water molecules within less than 100 fs, losing memory quickly due to strong electric field fluctuations.
The world's first computerized tomography (CT) images of biological tissue using protons have been produced, revolutionizing Proton Therapy for cancer treatment. This breakthrough enables detailed three-dimensional images to be created, allowing for more accurate targeting of tumors and reduced radiation exposure.
Advances in radiation therapy have improved precision by understanding physics and biology. Researchers use supercomputers to simulate radiation dose calculations and develop new technologies like MR-linacs.
Researchers use picosecond time resolution to investigate ultrafast radiation chemistry occurring immediately after protons interact with water. The new approach allows for high detail capture of rapid chemical evolution, revealing a delay in the formation of absorption bands after proton exposure.
A study by Massachusetts General Hospital found that proton therapy is as effective as standard radiotherapy for treating medulloblastoma, a common malignant brain tumor in children, while causing fewer long-term side effects. Proton therapy reduced hearing loss and cognitive deficits compared to photon radiotherapy.
New data from clinical trials at Penn Medicine demonstrate the clinical benefits of proton therapy for patients with advanced lung, pancreatic, and spine cancers. Proton therapy has been shown to reduce toxicities and improve survival rates compared to conventional radiation therapy.
Researchers at Tohoku University developed a new idea to improve proton mobility in rare-earth doped BaZrO3 perovskite-type proton conductors. By creating pairs of oxygen vacancies and rare-earth elements, the team found that this inhibits proton trapping, leading to higher proton concentration around Zr
Scientists create 'Prompt Gamma Timing' method using just one detector to measure time span between beam entry and gamma radiation hit, allowing real-time adjustment of radiation parameters. Initial tests show significant improvement in accuracy compared to existing methods.
The Energetic Heavy Ion Sensor (EHIS) has been given a clean bill of health after being tested using a proton accelerator at Massachusetts General Hospital. This sensor will measure heavy charged particles in Earth's magnetosphere and aid in space weather alerts.
A nationwide survey shows a significant growth in pediatric proton therapy patients, with 56% under age 10. Proton therapy offers precise treatment for various tumor diagnoses, including ependymoma and medulloblastoma.
A new drug, Neupogen, has been approved by the FDA for treating acute radiation injury, increasing survival rates. The drug counteracts the effects of radiation on the bone marrow and production of white blood cells, offering a safe and effective treatment option.
A new study by the University of Maryland School of Medicine found that proton therapy significantly reduces toxic side effects in esophageal cancer patients. Proton therapy targets tumors while minimizing harm to surrounding tissues, leading to improved patient outcomes.
The Scripps Proton Therapy Center in San Diego is reporting exceptional results in delivering cancer treatment using pencil-beam scanning technology, enabling the treatment of a wide range of tumor sites. The center has treated patients with lung, brain, spinal column, and other tumors, offering greater precision and efficiency in radi...
Researchers found that proton therapy costs comparable to traditional radiation therapies, challenging the assumption that it's more expensive. The study suggests that insurance coverage should be considered, enabling patients to participate in clinical research.
Researchers found that patients treated with proton therapy had significantly higher disease-free survival rates (72% vs. 50%) compared to those receiving intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Tumor control also improved at the longest follow-up for proton therapy-treated patients (81% vs. 64%).
Researchers at MD Anderson found that intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) reduces the use of feeding tubes by 50% compared to standard treatment. IMPT also lowers toxicity levels and preserves quality of life outcomes in patients with head and neck cancers.
A new Penn Medicine study shows that proton therapy significantly reduces side effects in pediatric head and neck cancer patients. The results, which followed 25 patients aged 1-21, found no evidence of disease in 76% after 13 months, with only mild side effects such as fatigue and dermatitis.
A study of 70 pediatric patients treated with proton therapy found high local control rates (83%) and overall survival (95%), with subtotal resection correlated to decreased cognitive and endocrine outcomes. Few patients developed growth hormone deficiency, hypothyroidism or hearing loss.
A new study from Children's Hospital of Philadelphia reports proton therapy as an effective, organ-sparing treatment option for children with high-risk neuroblastoma. Protons precisely target tumors while minimizing radiation exposure to healthy tissue.
Researchers analyze proton diffusion mechanism using theoretical calculations, finding that protons hop quickly between water molecules, followed by rest periods. The discovery may be relevant to enzymes and macromolecules, improving understanding of proton transfer in aqueous systems.
Researchers developed a new radiation treatment method that reduces the risk of permanent neurocognitive damage in children with brain tumors. The study found that proton therapy and photon therapy techniques significantly decreased the risk of these adverse effects, potentially leading to better quality of life for affected children.
Researchers from New York University and the Max Planck Institute reveal that phosphoric acid fuel cells transfer protons in a more streamlined fashion than water-based solutions. This process involves temporary 'proton wires' formed by multiple phosphoric acid molecules, allowing for high proton conductivity.
Researchers found protons can move efficiently in stacked systems of molecules, common in plant biomass, membranes, DNA, and elsewhere. This discovery could lead to better catalysts, fuels, and drugs.
A new study clarifies the crystal structure of quinol dependent nitric oxide reductase (qNOR), a key enzyme in anaerobic respiration. The findings reveal a proton transfer pathway in qNOR, suggesting an evolutionary link to the proton pump found in aerobic organisms.
Pediatric cancer patients receive more accurate treatment delivery with proton radiography, reducing radiation exposure compared to standard diagnostic X-rays and cone beam CT. Proton imaging also enables real-time tumor tracking during treatment, benefiting children's sensitive growing bodies.
Researchers at Iowa State University and the Ames Laboratory discovered the flu virus uses a shuttle mechanism to relay protons through a channel, necessary for infection. This finding may lead to designing drugs that stop protons from moving through the channel.
Researchers found proton therapy to have excellent early tolerance with minimal urinary and rectal toxicity. The study showed a low rate of Grade 3 genitourinary and gastrointestinal side effects, with the most common being minor rectal bleeding.
A study found that adding proton therapy 'boost' to X-ray radiation therapy significantly reduces prostate cancer recurrences in low- and intermediate-risk patients. The high-dose treatment also proves safe with minimal side effects, benefiting these patients with conventional doses of radiation.
The new device would deliver more precise and less costly proton radiation to cancerous tumors with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The Brookhaven scientists are seeking industrial partners to license and commercialize the technology.
A study found that patients with locally advanced lung cancer who received proton therapy and chemotherapy had fewer instances of bone marrow toxicity compared to those receiving IMRT and chemotherapy. This suggests that proton therapy may be a more effective option for treating this serious side effect, enabling doctors to give higher...
Researchers found that proton therapy with concurrent chemotherapy significantly reduced bone marrow toxicity in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, improving treatment efficacy and patient outcomes. The study suggests proton therapy as a safer option for vulnerable patients, including children and the elderly.
A study presented at the American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology's 50th Annual Meeting found that proton therapy decreases the risk of patients developing a secondary cancer. Proton therapy is a more targeted form of external beam radiation, which delivers less radiation to bordering normal structures.
Researchers find that shared protons vibrate between molecules as local oscillators, creating distinct vibrational patterns associated with the bridging proton. The study reveals how the chemical properties of tethered molecules affect proton localization.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital found that proton beam radiation therapy achieved better tumor control for advanced adenoid cystic carcinoma of the cranial base compared to traditional radiation therapy. The study reported a 9% local recurrence rate, while traditional radiation resulted in over 70% local recurrence.
Human cells exposed to high-energy protons and then iron or titanium particles showed a significant increase in anchorage-independent growth, a characteristic of early cancer development. The timing of the particle exposure was critical, with cells responding more strongly when hit by protons first.
Researchers at Yale University have identified unique infrared laser spectrum signatures for free protons associated with one to three water molecules. The study reveals that the proton's vibrations are driven by changes in its hydration environment, leading to significant shifts in spectral signatures.
Researchers used computer simulations to track proton transport in basic solutions, revealing a complex process with different mobility mechanisms than acidic environments. This knowledge could aid in designing materials or processes that utilize proton conduction phenomena.
Researchers propose new explanation for proton mobility, revealing complex behavior of hydrated protons. The findings could impact understanding of biological processes and reactions involving aqueous proton diffusion.