Articles tagged with Cohort Studies
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
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Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
A cohort study found that prenatal cannabis use was associated with several negative maternal health outcomes during pregnancy. The study emphasizes the need for further research on how different aspects of prenatal cannabis use may impact these associations.
A cohort study found that a healthy prenatal dietary pattern was linked to reduced risk of autism diagnosis and social communication difficulties in offspring. Adherence to this dietary pattern was not significantly associated with reduced restrictive and repetitive behaviors.
A meta-analysis of 35,000 children from eight European countries has found a robust link between exposure to green spaces and better lung function. Children living in greener neighborhoods had higher forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), indicating improved airway function.
A new study reveals that about two percent of the population develop autoantibodies against type 1 interferons, making them more susceptible to severe viral infections. The autoantibodies remain detectable in the blood for life and are associated with a compromised type 1 interferon system.
A retrospective cohort study found hormone-modulating therapy protected against Alzheimer's disease and related dementias in postmenopausal women with breast cancer. The protective effect varied by age and race, with greater benefit for Black women under 75.
A recent study published in Nature Medicine confirms the health benefits of a diet high in unsaturated plant fats, such as the Mediterranean diet. The research used lipidomics to measure diet-related fat changes in the blood and link them to disease risk.
A longitudinal cohort study found that telehealth availability has declined since the COVID-19 public health emergency ended, affecting mental health treatment facilities. The decline suggests a need for targeted policies to sustain telehealth access and ensure continued support for mental health care.
A large cohort study in Canada found an association between prenatal ambient PM2.5 exposure and increased cerebral palsy risk in offspring. Further research is needed to understand this association and potential biological pathways.
A cohort study found increased patient coinsurance in Medicare Part D's coverage gap and catastrophic coverage phases at age 65, associated with higher spending on T2D medications. This may lead to reduced diabetes medication utilization, increasing the risk of nonadherence and complications.
A new study reveals that military women and female family members face significantly higher risks of chronic pain, with those serving during periods of heightened combat deployments facing a 53% higher likelihood of developing the condition. The study also found associations between chronic pain, mental health, and socioeconomic status.
An Italian study found that adherence to the Mediterranean Diet after a cancer diagnosis is associated with reduced mortality, especially from cardiovascular disease. Participants who followed a high-Mediterranean-Diet pattern had a 32% lower risk of mortality compared to those with lower adherence.
A phase 2 study found fluorine-18 PSMA-1007 PET/computed tomography to be superior to multiparametric MRI for locoregional staging of prostate cancer. The technology supports its use in the preoperative workflow for intermediate-risk and high-risk tumors.
The NTU Singapore-led study found that mothers whose parents help with childcare are more likely to show their children parental warmth. Mothers who received childcare support from maternal grandparents also reported engaging in more positive parenting, characterized by warmth and responsiveness.
A recent study investigated COVID-19 vaccine exposure in the first trimester and its potential impact on major structural birth defects. The results indicate that mRNA COVID-19 vaccine exposure during this period is not associated with an increased risk for selected birth defects among live births.
A cohort study found declines in oral contraceptive pill and emergency contraceptive usage following the Dobbs decision, emphasizing the need for improved access. The study's results highlight the importance of maintaining access to these essential reproductive health methods.
A study of over 4,500 healthy adults aged 60 and older found that nearly 28% had some form of heart valve disease, with age being the main risk factor. The majority of cases were mild, but the study highlights the need for more research into screening methods to identify and manage the disease in the elderly population.
A large US cohort study found no association between multivitamin use and reduced mortality risk. The study included over 200,000 participants and analyzed data from three prospective cohorts.
A study published in Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience found that high-quality friendships among adolescents are strongly associated with resilient functioning in early adulthood. The researchers used brain imaging scans to examine neural responses to social exclusion, revealing a link between better friendship quality and po...
A study by JGU found that adolescents (14-20 years) are more satisfied with being single than their counterparts ten years ago. The researchers attribute this to the growing normalization of singlehood and changing attitudes towards romantic conventions among younger generations.
A cohort study of 10,634 participants reveals that childhood risk factors are associated with adult cardiovascular disease. The study highlights the importance of intervening in childhood to reduce the incidence of adult CVD, particularly for body mass index (BMI) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
A cohort study found that cannabis use was an independent risk factor for COVID-19-related complications, even after considering other risk factors. The study suggests that cannabis may increase the risk of severe illness and hospitalization due to COVID-19.
Researchers developed a new approach to understanding health by leveraging social media data, creating the largest cohort study in medical history. The study found that 27% of participants made an attempt to quit vaping during the study period, with a success rate of 26%, and identified key factors influencing cessation journeys.
The COVICAT study, involving a Spanish cohort of 9,218 individuals, used innovative approaches to analyze the interplay between genetic predispositions and environmental stressors in determining depression risk. Key findings include the importance of considering both genetic and environmental factors when addressing depression risk.
Researchers used single-cell sequencing technology to study immune responses in healthy adult volunteers exposed to SARS-CoV-2. They discovered unique immune responses associated with resisting sustained viral infection and disease, including activation of specialized mucosal immune cells and a reduction in inflammatory white blood cells.
A new study found that nearly five percent of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients achieve a pathological complete response (pCR) after treatment, leading to a 63% 5-year survival rate. The research highlights the importance of tailoring treatment based on factors such as chemotherapy regimens and radiation therapy.
A cohort study found that more than 1 in 5 adults did not recover within 3 months of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The risk of recovery was lower among women and those with preexisting cardiovascular disease, but higher among vaccinated individuals during the Omicron variant wave.
A cohort study found that severe dust exposure increased the risk of dementia in World Trade Center responders under 65. Using personalized protective equipment may prevent this age of onset, according to the research.
A cohort study found that neighborhood deprivation is associated with increased breast cancer mortality in non-Hispanic white women, but not in non-Hispanic Black women. Factors beyond those explored may contribute to the disparity in breast cancer mortality among Black women.
Researchers at WVU are exploring the potential of solar panels to generate energy on grazing lands, diversifying farmers' income streams and promoting more sustainable practices. The study aims to understand how dual-use solar systems impact soil health and animal performance.
Generation X sees gains in leading cancers, but lower rates of lung and cervical cancers compared to previous generations. Cancer incidence could remain high for decades if current trends continue.
A 15-day course of nirmatrelvir-ritonavir did not demonstrate a significant improvement in select postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms in vaccinated adults with prolonged symptom duration. Further studies are needed to determine the role of antivirals in PASC treatment.
In individuals with a diabetes duration of 10 years or less, bariatric metabolic surgery was associated with greater weight loss and reduced mortality compared to first-generation GLP-1RAs. No differences were observed between treatment modalities in patients with longer diabetes duration.
A cohort study found lower moderate to vigorous physical activity levels linked to increased cardiovascular disease or mortality in normoglycemic Hispanic and non-Hispanic adults. Adults with prediabetes may gain from reducing sedentary behavior and improving lifestyle factors beyond exercise alone
A study published in Heart Rhythm examined the potential dangers of energy drink consumption in patients with genetic heart diseases. The research found a temporal relationship between energy drink consumption and sudden cardiac arrest events, but caution is advised due to the small relative risk.
A cohort study found that decentralization through telemedicine and local care can substantially reduce cancer care's environmental impact. The study also showed small reductions in human mortality as a result of these changes.
Early admission of COVID-19-positive patients to skilled nursing facilities was associated with preventable cases and mortality among residents. Facilities with staff and PPE shortages were disproportionately affected, underscoring the importance of adhering to infection-control protocols.
Higher Mediterranean diet adherence was associated with a significant reduction in all-cause mortality risk. The study found that cardiometabolic factors played a partial role in this inverse association.
A breath-holding test assesses cardiorespiratory health and predicts postoperative pain risk in laparoscopic gynecological surgery. The study analyzed 489 patients and found significant correlation between breath-holding time and pain scores.
A Korea University study reveals that gastrectomy decreases the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with gastric cancer. The research analyzed data from 2004 to 2013 and found a significantly lowered risk of cardiovascular disease in those who underwent gastrectomy.
Early-life air and noise pollution exposure were associated with increased risk of psychotic experiences, depression, and anxiety from adolescence to young adulthood. Interventions to reduce pollution exposure could potentially improve population mental health.
A matched cohort study found no overall increased risk of early death among women with premenstrual disorders. However, the risk was elevated for young women and deaths by suicide, highlighting the need for careful follow-up and suicide prevention strategies.
A cohort study found that heat waves were associated with increased rates of preterm and early-term deliveries, especially among vulnerable populations. The results suggest that extreme heat events pose a significant threat to perinatal health.
A cohort study suggests that prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals is associated with adverse metabolic health in children, highlighting the need for public health implications. The findings indicate a potential link between chemical mixtures and metabolic syndrome in offspring.
First-seizure clinic (FSC) attendance, particularly early attendance, is associated with reduced rates of subsequent hospital utilization. Adequate resource allocation for FSCs may improve timely and equitable access.
After living kidney donation, donors experience a slower rate of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline compared to non-donors. However, donors are more likely to have an eGFR between 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m2 at least once during follow-up.
A cohort study of Japanese older adults found that upward and downward socioeconomic status transitions were associated with an increased risk of dementia. The study also revealed a link between social mobility and the length of dementia-free periods throughout life.
A longitudinal study found that boys experienced a significant increase in depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, emerging later in the first year and then early into the second year. In contrast, girls' symptoms decreased during the school-closure phase but returned to pre-pandemic levels after schools reopened.
A new study from the University of Copenhagen found that long-term exposure to air pollution accelerates cognitive decline and increases risk of dementia. The research, which followed a cohort of nurses for 27 years, also suggests that physical activity may mitigate the adverse effects of air pollution.
A study published in Circulation found that revascularization significantly enhances the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for patients with chronic limb-threatening ischemia. Patients who underwent endovascular intervention (Endo) showed slight statistical superiority over those who received surgical bypass (Bypass) in some HRQoL...
Clear sociodemographic disparities were identified in patient portal engagement among patients with hypertension treated in primary care. Without targeted interventions, patient portals may exacerbate existing health disparities.
Research suggests that the onset of daylight saving time is associated with increased consumption of processed snack foods and fewer trips to the gym. The study found that people ate more processed snack foods later in the day and on overcast days after the time change.
A new study finds mail-order pharmacy dispensing of mifepristone for medication abortion is effective, acceptable to patients, and feasible. This care model can improve access to medication abortion services and reduce the need for in-person screening.
A cohort study found that high levels of telehealth use were associated with more clinician encounters, ambulatory care-sensitive hospitalizations, and higher healthcare costs. COVID-19 cases still remained high during the study period, suggesting that HSAs with higher telehealth intensity may have better capacity for health services.
Researchers found a significant association between neighborhood deprivation and DNA methylation in brain tissue, which may be linked to immune response. The study identified one CpG site (cg26514961, PLXNC1 gene) significantly associated with neighborhood deprivation after controlling for covariates.
Research from the University of Birmingham found that children who experienced chronic lack of sleep from infancy were more than twice as likely to develop a psychotic disorder in early adulthood. Persistent sleep problems also increased the risk by nearly four times. The study, published in JAMA Psychiatry, suggests that addressing sl...
Researchers found associations between inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers and accelerated aging, with GlycA and GrimAge showing robust correlations. The study provides insight into the relationship between aging and cardiometabolic health, potentially informing vulnerable populations.
Black and Hispanic patients with atrial fibrillation were less likely to initiate direct oral anticoagulants at study onset, but these disparities narrowed over time. The study highlights the need to address unequal access to novel therapies for Black and Hispanic populations.
A cohort study found that individuals with a first colonoscopy with negative findings for colorectal cancer may benefit from longer screening intervals, potentially up to 15 years. This could lead to fewer unnecessary invasive examinations and improved patient outcomes.
A recent study published in BJSM found that increased cardio fitness level can reduce the risk of death from any cause and heart disease by 11-17% and 18%, respectively. Regular aerobic exercise programs can achieve this, leading to a reduced risk of early death and chronic conditions.
Scientists have identified a shared gene module in people with depression and cardiovascular disease, providing new markers for both conditions. The study found that genes involved in inflammation are associated with both diseases, explaining why they often occur together.