Articles tagged with Adolescents
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Researchers found brain damage in obese adolescents related to inflammation, particularly in regions controlling appetite and emotions. The study used MRI to track white matter damage and correlated it with inflammatory markers such as leptin and insulin.
Recent study finds parental marijuana use is a risk factor for increased substance abuse among adolescents and young adults, with no association found between parental marijuana use and opioid misuse by children. The study analyzed data from 24,900 parent-child pairs, accounting for environmental factors.
This observational study explored ethnic and racial differences between parents' educational attainment and young people's behavior, academic performance, and health outcomes. The study found associations between higher parental education levels and improved youth outcomes across various domains.
A study found that 94% of adolescents in California, Colorado, Nevada, and Washington reported exposure to marijuana marketing on social media. This exposure is linked to recent marijuana use by adolescents. The researchers suggest that current restrictions on social media content are not effective in preventing exposure.
The study found that globally, in 2016, 81% of 11- to 17-year-old school students did not reach WHO recommendations for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. The gap between boys' and girls' physical activity levels has grown, with more than 80% of girls being inactive.
A new study found a decline in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption among American children and teens, with significant reductions in soda consumption. However, the study also revealed that nearly three-quarters of SNAP recipients still consume sugary drinks on a typical day.
A study at Washington State University found that boredom is increasing year after year for teens in grades 8-12, with greater increases for girls. This rise is linked to growing depressive symptoms and decreased social interaction, highlighting the need for interventions to address adolescent dissatisfaction.
Recent studies highlight the benefits of bariatric surgery in adolescents, showing significant improvements in musculoskeletal pain, physical function, and quality of life after three years. Additionally, researchers found that patients may be at risk for iron and vitamin B12 deficiencies years after surgery.
Research reveals that adolescent binge drinking can lead to altered gene expression, increasing susceptibility to anxiety and alcohol use disorders in adulthood. Targeting specific microRNAs may be a new approach to undoing the damage of early-life alcohol exposure.
Researchers at the University of Illinois Chicago found that intermittent exposure to high levels of alcohol in adolescent animals leads to altered gene expression in adulthood. Blocking microRNA-137 in adulthood reverses or reduces the lasting effects of youth drinking, such as increased anxiety and alcohol use.
A Danish study found that teenagers with cleanliness rituals and poor insights into their condition are more likely to struggle with OCD despite standard cognitive behavioural therapy. Almost 60% of the patients experienced a worrying relapse after three years.
Adolescents from sexual minorities in the UK are more likely to experience mental health problems, self-harm, and bullying compared to their heterosexual counterparts. The study found that sexual minority adolescents face higher rates of depression, lower life satisfaction, and increased substance use.
A new study reveals a 16% decline in the relationship between binge drinking and depressive symptoms among high schoolers from 1991 to 2018. The decline is even more pronounced among girls, with a 25% decrease in the association.
Cases of melanoma declined among US adolescents and young adults from 2006 to 2015, with incidence rates dropping by 4% per year for males and 4.5% per year for females in the two age groups. Public health efforts advocating sun protection may be contributing to this trend.
A study analyzing US melanoma data found a decline in adolescent and young adult cases between 2006 and 2015, while older adults experienced an increase in melanoma rates during the same period. The research used registry data to determine age-specific annual rates of melanoma.
Researchers have identified patterns of spinal curvature in younger children that may develop into scoliosis by adolescence. The study suggests that the shape of a person's sagittal profile can be a leading cause of scoliosis, and may eventually guide early interventions for children at risk.
A new study found that problematic marijuana use increased by 25% among adolescents aged 12-17, while past-month frequent use rose by 23% among adults aged 26 or older after recreational legalization. The study suggests investing in substance use prevention and treatment to prevent unintended harms.
A study published in BMC Public Health found that children who experienced maltreatment are more likely to engage in delinquent and offending behaviors in adolescence and young adulthood. Males showed a significantly higher frequency of non-violent offending behaviors compared to females, with no differences by race or sexual orientation.
A multi-institutional study found that adolescents with Type 2 diabetes experienced improved hyperfiltration and reduced elevated urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio after gastric bypass surgery compared to adults. In contrast, adults with pre-existing diabetes did not show significant improvements until five years post-surgery.
A new analysis found that 21% of adolescents and 32% of young adults used prescription opioids in the past year. Misuse rates were higher among young adults, with 57% obtaining them from friends or relatives. The study highlights the importance of screening for opioid use in this vulnerable population.
A school-based sleep education program may benefit adolescents by reducing insufficient sleep and improving sleep knowledge. The program showed promising results, with participants two times less likely to report insufficient sleep at follow-up.
A study of over 14,000 US teenagers found that mint was the most popular JUUL flavor among 12th and 10th graders, while mango was favored by eighth graders. The findings raise questions about regulations to reduce e-cigarette use by adolescents
A new study suggests that adolescent e-cigarette users are more similar to conventional cigarette smokers than non-tobacco users. E-cigarette use is not associated with an increased risk of current smoking among teens, but its prevalence has risen significantly among youth in recent years.
A study of 744 rural high school students found that at least 19% reported changes in their self-labeled sexual identity over a three-year period. Notable differences were seen between male and female students, with girls reporting more changes than boys.
A recent study found that teens who visit emergency departments for self-harm are five times more likely to have repeat visits and three times more likely to die from any cause compared to non-self-harming youth. The study also reveals that these adolescents incur significantly higher health costs over the following five years.
Youth who self-harmed were five times more likely to have repeat visits to the emergency department and eight times more likely to die from suicide than their non-self-harming peers. Serious mental conditions, including anxiety and substance abuse issues, were common among adolescents with recurrent self-harm hospitalizations.
A new study found that girls are less likely to engage in physical activities, with reduced social support and modeling from parents and peers. Interventions targeting peer modeling may help mitigate age-related decline in physical activity among girls.
A study by University at Buffalo found that teenagers with a positive relationship with their mother are less likely to enter abusive relationships. The research discovered that the child's relationship with their mother serves as a buffer, promoting feelings of self-worth and reducing the risk of abuse.
A new study finds that adolescents experience mixed feelings about multitasking, with positive emotions increasing feelings of reward and pleasantness, but not reducing subsequent multitasking. Negative emotions have no effect on later actions.
A University of Washington study found that children whose parents used marijuana during adolescence are more likely to use marijuana and other substances, while those from non-using families have better grades, according to lead author Marina Epstein.
The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends increased access to metabolic and bariatric surgery for children and adolescents with severe obesity, citing the growing public health crisis. Studies show that surgery is safe and effective, but underutilized due to barriers such as insurance coverage and limited centers.
A new study from Penn Medicine shows that bariatric surgery is safe and effective for teenagers with morbid obesity, with low rates of complications and readmissions. The study found no evidence that higher BMI was associated with poor health outcomes following adolescent bariatric surgery.
A new study finds that bariatric surgery is a safe option for young adolescents with morbid obesity, with low rates of complications and readmissions. The research analyzed over 3,700 cases and found no deaths in the first 30 days after surgery.
A scoping review found that school-based interventions have great potential for preventing adverse mental health outcomes among adolescent forced migrants. Many girls and boys manage to adjust to their new lives despite recurring challenges, thanks to holistic support programs offered by schools.
A new BYU study found that the amount of time teenagers spend on social media is not directly related to their anxiety and depression levels. Researchers analyzed data from 500 youth aged 13-20 over eight years, finding no strong correlation between increased social media use and mental health outcomes.
A new study of nearly 11,000 youth followed for 14 years found that adolescents who play contact sports are not more likely to experience cognitive impairment, depression, or suicidal thoughts later in life. In fact, football players were less likely to suffer from depression in early adulthood compared to other groups.
A new study has revealed three simple factors that predict whether a healthy weight child will be overweight or obese by adolescence. The research found that a child's and mother's Body Mass Index (BMI) and the mother's education level are key predictors of weight problems by age 14-15 years.
A recent study published in Pediatrics found that self-reported suicide attempts are increasing among Black teenagers, even as they decline in other racial and ethnic groups. The study also revealed a significant increase in injuries from suicide attempts among Black male teenagers.
A randomized clinical trial found that varenicline was well-tolerated but did not significantly improve abstinence rates among adolescents and young adults. However, secondary findings suggest that varenicline helped smokers achieve earlier and better self-reported abstinence during treatment and follow-up.
Researchers will develop novel metrics to gauge the impact of tobacco ads on adolescent smoking and vaping rates. The grant aims to improve the selection of effective ads for youth tobacco prevention campaigns.
Between 2008 and 2014, approximately 1,972 firearm-related eye injuries occurred in patients under 21, mostly sight-threatening and associated with severe trauma. Black patients were more likely to be injured in assaults, while white patients had a higher rate of self-inflicted firearm-related injuries.
A phase IIa trial and a subsequent extension trial show dupilumab's long-term safety and efficacy in treating moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis in adolescents. The medication works by blocking specific substances that cause eczema symptoms, providing substantial clinical benefit with an acceptable safety profile.
A new study analyzed data from 2010 to 2015 and found that body mass index of Wisconsin children rose in the summer and decreased in the fall. The study suggests that school-based obesity prevention initiatives may benefit from additional weight management support delivered at the start of the school year.
People with low intelligence scores are at a higher risk of suicide and attempted suicide later in life. The study found that the association between suicidal behavior and emotional control develops over time, with men with low IQ remaining vulnerable throughout their lives.
A review and meta-analysis of 47 articles found childhood hypertension affects 4% of children and adolescents globally. The condition is more prevalent among overweight or obese youth undergoing puberty.
A study of 18,000 adolescents found that positive family relationships during adolescence were associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms from adolescence to midlife. The benefit was greater for females than males, particularly during the early adult years.
A Swedish study of over 384,000 women found that those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) had a higher likelihood of giving birth as teenagers. The research suggests that teenage girls with ADHD may face increased risk of early childbirth, highlighting the need for closer monitoring and support.
A study of over 1,000 Dutch adolescents and young women found that concurrent oral contraceptive use was associated with increased depressive symptoms, especially among 16-year-old girls. The authors suggest that this association may be due to the impact of oral contraceptives on hormone levels and mood regulation.
A new study found that traumatic grief reactions in youth post-9/11 warrant separate clinical attention. The study, published in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, identified a distinct bereavement-related disorder that captures maladaptive reactions after 9/11.
South Africa sees a tenfold increase in adolescents on HIV treatment since 2010, yet fewer than 50% successfully initiate antiretroviral therapy. The rise is attributed to the country's successful ART program, but concerns about stigma and care barriers persist.
A new paper published in JAMA recommends a continuum of care approach, including lifestyle modification therapy, medications, and bariatric surgery, to treat adolescents with obesity. The study suggests that filling the treatment gap between lifestyle modification and surgery is crucial.
Teenage e-cigarette use is heavily influenced by parental and sibling attitudes, with flavors being a major draw for young users. Research also highlights the need for mandatory education on e-cigarette use among teens and increased regulation of flavored products.
A new study found that schools are breeding grounds for teenage vaping, with students accessing devices and peer influence playing a significant role. Schools can be effective in preventing teen e-cigarette use if they implement health education programs and restrict access to devices.
A worldwide study found that sleep patterns differ among 16-30 year olds, with varying durations and timings based on age, sex, and region. The study tracked nearly quarter of a million nights of sleep using wearable devices, revealing significant geographical and gender-based variations in sleep habits.
A study from Stanford University School of Medicine has found that a combination of light therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy can increase teen sleep duration by 43 minutes per night. The treatment consists of brief flashes of bright light to reset the body clocks, followed by motivation techniques to encourage earlier bedtimes.
Researchers propose that teenage acne is a naturally occurring, inflammatory state caused by the sudden change in skin microbiota composition and increased sebum production during adolescence. This hypothesis challenges conventional thinking and may explain special clinical characteristics of acne.
A new study from Cardiff University found that teenagers are less responsive to instructions from their mothers when spoken in a controlling tone of voice. The researchers discovered that autonomy-supportive tones, on the other hand, elicit positive reactions and encourage self-expression.
A new Stanford University study has found that a four-week combination therapy involving brief light flashes and cognitive behavioral therapy can increase teenagers' sleep duration by 43 minutes per night. The treatment helped teens adjust their body clocks and motivated them to try earlier bedtimes.
Researchers outline effective engagement strategies, including youth community advisory boards and social media outreach. They also provide guidance on selecting and training recruitment staff, monitoring study progress, and addressing legal issues.
A study of 211 children found adverse childhood experiences and caregiver support are associated with changes in brain regions, particularly those involved in emotional regulation and social behavior. The research suggests that strong caregiver support can mitigate negative effects of childhood adversity on brain development.