A study found that depression increases cardiovascular events due to a lack of physical activity and other unhealthy behaviors. Patients with depressive symptoms had a 50% greater risk of cardiovascular events compared to those without symptoms.
The article discusses recent geological findings, including rapid exhumation of ice-covered rocks in Southeast Alaska, a 9-degree warming in Greenland 14,700 years ago, and the onset of biomineralization in skeletal metazoans. It also presents a newly recognized eastern extension of the Nile deep-sea fan.
A researcher has discovered a tool that can reveal hundreds of hidden meteorite craters using aerial forest surveys. The technology was tested on a crater near Whitecourt, Alberta, and shows great potential for finding more undiscovered sites globally.
The report found declines in both cancer incidence and death rates, as well as wide variations in lung cancer trends from state to state. Tobacco control measures are key to reducing the risk of lung cancer.
A team of researchers found that a tiny protein called alpha-catenin is essential for forming strong bonds between cells. Cancer cells with dysfunctional alpha-catenin can break free and spread the disease, but scientists may be able to develop therapies to repair or replace this protein and prevent cancer's progression.
The new device would deliver more precise and less costly proton radiation to cancerous tumors with minimal damage to surrounding healthy tissue. The Brookhaven scientists are seeking industrial partners to license and commercialize the technology.
A study published in the Academy of General Dentistry reveals that stopping antiplatelet medications before dental procedures increases the risk of permanent disability or death. Dentists can help patients by discussing treatment risks and benefits with their physicians.
A rescue robot exercise was held at Disaster City, Texas, where about three dozen robots were tested by developers and first responders. The event aimed to develop a standard suite of performance tests for candidate mechanical rescuers in urban search and rescue missions.
Researchers found that inhaled corticosteroid drugs increase the risk of pneumonia by a full third in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The study suggests that the treatment may be more harmful and pose a greater risk to some individuals, particularly those with weakened immune systems.
Scientists have revised the timeline of cave bear extinction, dating it back 27,800 years. The new findings suggest a link between climate change and food supply loss, leading to the demise of these massive mammals. Researchers found no evidence of human involvement in their disappearance.
The Teaching and Learning Research Programme (TLRP) has drawn conclusions after nine years of investigations across all sectors of education. Key findings include the importance of genuine engagement, developing skills to become autonomous learners, and the positive impact of group work on pupil performance.
According to a recent report, cancer incidence and mortality have declined in the US for the first time among both men and women. The decline is attributed to decreases in the most common cancers, including prostate, lung, and colorectal cancer.
Researchers found that people see human facial features in car front ends and attribute personality traits to them, similar to how humans perceive facial expressions. The study also linked perception of cars to their physical structure, enabling the creation of a car with specific characteristics.
A study at Duke University Medical Center found that ventricular assist devices (VADs) have high hospital costs and high early death rates among Medicare recipients. The study analyzed data on nearly 3,000 patients who received a VAD between 2000 and 2006, finding that only half were alive one year later.
A WHO study suggests that universal voluntary HIV testing combined with immediate treatment after diagnosis could significantly reduce HIV cases in a severe epidemic. The strategy aims to accelerate the transition from an endemic phase to an elimination phase, reducing HIV cases to 1 per 1000 people within 10 years.
Researchers have identified reduced white matter circuitry in brains of individuals with congenital prosopagnosia, a condition that affects face recognition. This discovery may lead to further understanding of other neurodevelopment disorders.
UT Southwestern researchers have discovered a connection between disrupted calcium metabolism in nerve cells and a fatal genetic neurological disorder called spinocerebellar ataxia 3. The study suggests that blocking excessive calcium release may alleviate symptoms, with results showing improved coordination and slowed brain atrophy in...
Scientists at UNC Chapel Hill and Vanderbilt University Medical Center successfully recreated the bat variant of the SARS coronavirus, a major step forward in developing effective vaccines and treatments. The research could help prevent future outbreaks by identifying key pathways in virus emergence.
Researchers found older adults' brains show increased activation in regions processing external noise during memory encoding failure. This leads to decreased performance and 'misses' in face recognition tasks.
A study found that genetic variation on chromosome 9p21 and poor glycemic control interact to increase the risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes patients. The odds of CAD were 4-fold higher for those with two risk gene variants and poor glycemic control compared to those with one variant but good control.
A study published in the Academy of General Dentistry journal found that brewed tea has a lower erosive effect on teeth compared to soft drinks and acidic juices. The study suggests that drinking brewed tea can help prevent tooth erosion, which can wear away the enamel and lead to irreversible damage.
Research by Elizabeth Gardner shows that calorie restriction makes it harder to fight off the flu virus, leading to increased mortality and weight loss. A normal diet helps the body produce natural killer cells quickly enough to combat the infection.
The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) has published a brochure on applied mathematics and computational science careers outside of academia. The brochure answers questions about career opportunities and features profiles of professionals at top companies like Google, IBM, and NSA. It aims to increase interest in mat...
The Genomics Education Partnership (GEP) has expanded its research-based undergraduate course beyond Washington University, reaching students at historically black and Hispanic-serving institutions. Students work with in silico tools to analyze DNA sequence data, improving their understanding of genomics and its applications.
Researchers at NIST have demonstrated a way to measure low levels of stress in semiconductor devices as small as 10 nanometers across. By combining two techniques - electron back scattered diffraction and confocal Raman microscopy - they resolved the long-standing disagreement between two widely used methods of stress measurement.
Researchers have generated a synthetic SARS-like bat coronavirus that is infectious in cultured cells and mice, identifying pathways by which a bat coronavirus may have adapted to infect humans. The findings provide a model approach for rapid identification, analysis, and public health responses to future natural or intentional virus e...
A recent study found that racial disparities in liver transplantation have decreased since the introduction of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score system. In contrast, sex-based disparities persist, with women being less likely to receive a liver transplant within three years of listing.
A Mayo Clinic study found that most stroke patients do not identify their symptoms correctly, leading to delayed medical attention. The delay can result in further damage and reduced recovery outcomes.
Researchers discovered adiponectin is a metabolic link between obesity and reduced bone mineral density. Adiponectin levels were lower in obese humans and mice compared to lean controls. Higher levels of adiponectin impede bone development, leading to weaker bones and increased risk of fractures.
The report reveals declines in cancer incidence and death rates across the US, with some states experiencing significant variations in lung cancer trends. These findings underscore the need to strengthen tobacco control programs and accelerate efforts to prevent or reduce the occurrence of kidney and liver cancers.
A study by Daniel Fiset and colleagues reveals that line terminations are the most important feature for recognizing both uppercase and lowercase letters. The researchers used the 'Bubbles' technique to evaluate which areas of each letter were crucial for recognition.
Researchers have discovered that sea slugs can survive and thrive using a process similar to photosynthesis, harnessing solar power from tiny organelles called plastids. The slug's ability to retain these plastids allows it to convert sunlight into food, enabling it to make its own sustenance like plants.
A recent study published in JAMA found that Medicare patients who receive ventricular assist devices (VADs) experience high rates of death, illness, and prolonged hospital stays. The study analyzed data from 2000 to 2006 and found that VAD recipients had a one-year survival rate of 51.6% compared to 30.8% for those without the device.
A randomized trial found that systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy did not improve disease-free or overall survival in women with stage I endometrial cancer. Lymphadenectomy was associated with improved surgical staging and detection of disease spread to pelvic lymph nodes, but no therapeutic benefit.
Naomi Halas, a renowned nano-optics expert, has been awarded a $3 million grant by the Department of Defense for her research on engineered nanophotonics. This breakthrough work could lead to innovations in super-efficient solar power collectors and next-generation camouflage.
A study found that physicians with electronic health records (EHRs) had a lower incidence of paid malpractice claims, with 6.1% of EHR users and 10.8% of non-users settling claims in the past decade.
Researchers discovered a new mechanism for cell division in Sulfolobus acidocaldarius, revealing three proteins that form a band-like structure over the cell equator. This unique process could lead to new insights into ESCRT proteins and their role in protein transport within cells.
The World Agroforestry Centre argues that existing technology can effectively monitor carbon storage in developing countries, potentially saving more carbon than closing 1,400 coal-burning power plants. Implementing carbon markets could generate $10 billion annually for rural poor communities.
Experts warn that retirement accounts lost 18% of value between 2007-2008, and housing prices fell by 4-20% in the same period. The current financial crisis affects those planning to spend down assets in retirement.
A new study of 21 countries reveals that public attitudes toward government involvement in health care vary widely, but ultimately support a role for the state in ensuring access. The findings suggest that any major overhaul of health care systems is unlikely due to cultural and historical factors.
A study found that older adults taking rosiglitazone had a 15% higher rate of death and 13% greater risk of heart failure compared to those taking pioglitazone. The authors highlight the need to consider all-cause mortality risk in elderly patients, as rosiglitazone's cardiovascular effects may be more pronounced.
Researchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory have identified two distinct regions with an excess of cosmic rays, challenging nearly a century-old understanding of galactic magnetic fields. The Milagro observatory recorded over 200 billion cosmic-ray collisions, revealing statistically significant peaks in specific regions of the sky.
The European Science Foundation's EUROCORES programme enhances European leadership in international marine coring expeditions. The project investigates ocean dynamics, sediment fluxes, and hydrothermal processes to reconstruct sea-level changes and environmental shifts.
Growing plants and trees on landfills can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by four to five times. Phytocapping also cuts the cost of landfill remediation in half and provides biodiversity corridors. The technique uses a layer of top soil and dense vegetation to trap methane and water.
Phycologists and algal biotechnologists in China are addressing pressing issues in algae research, including resource exhaustion and environmental impact. The country's largest seaweed cultivation industry has become a crucial driver of innovation and growth in the field.
The presence of mineral oil in edible oils and foods exceeds recommended safety limits, raising concerns about human health. Analytical campaigns are underway to address this issue and provide toxicological data for improved safety evaluation.
Researchers discovered a Seychelles fly species that lays larvae instead of eggs, potentially revealing an evolutionary step to live birth. The study found that these flies' eggs hatch quickly and develop advanced structures, suggesting a unique reproductive strategy.
A team led by researchers at San Diego Supercomputer Center successfully completed record-setting, petascale-level simulations of the earth's inner structure. They achieved a shortest period of 1.15 seconds and 161 teraflops, using 149,784 cores.
Undergrads are enlisted by lecturers to tackle DNA annotation challenge using innovative Annotathon approach. This teaching method trains students as apprentice bioinformaticians to analyze unknown metagenomic DNA fragments and gain confidence in bioinformatics.
A new study published in PLoS Medicine finds that artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) can reduce malaria transmission in low-transmission areas, comparable to the use of insecticide-treated bed nets. Longer-acting anti-malarial regimens may also be effective in reducing transmission in high-transmission areas.
A new study found that African American adolescent girls whose mothers used psychological control, such as guilt trips and withdrawn affection, reported higher levels of depressive symptoms. In contrast, boys showed no such effect. The researchers suggest a need for parents to strike a balance between giving children autonomy and guidi...
The Milagro collaboration has discovered two nearby regions with an unexpected excess of cosmic rays, suggesting the presence of high-energy particle acceleration near Earth. This finding is the second recent study indicating a source of galactic cosmic rays relatively close to our planet.
Researchers at Joslin Diabetes Center have identified pancreatic progenitors that can form into insulin-producing cells after birth or injury, contradicting earlier studies. This finding offers new hope for treating and potentially curing diabetes through replacement therapy.
The Panamanian termite has recorded the fastest mandible strike ever, with footage showing a soldier termite's jaws striking an invader at speeds of up to 70 meters per second. This rapid strike is thought to be due to the termites' need to store energy in their mandibles to generate force.
Research challenges the idea that longer sperm are faster due to drag from their heads. Streamlining and tail shape may be more important factors in determining sperm performance.
Researchers at the University of Utah have developed a synthetic version of sandcastle worm glue, which has shown promise in repairing shattered bone fragments. The glue performs 37% as well as commercial superglue in lab tests and may be used to align small bone fragments in joints and the face before they heal.
Researchers found blood transfusions in hospitalized cancer patients increased venous thromboembolism (VTE) and arterial thromboembolism (ATE) rates, comparable to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). This study highlights the need for cautious use of transfusions and exploration of ways to reduce clot risk in cancer patients.
Parkin protein prompts neuronal survival by clearing damaged mitochondria. Researchers found that Parkin translocates to mitochondria upon damage, sending them to autophagosomes for degradation. This process prevents damaged mitochondria from triggering cell death.
In a breakthrough study, researchers discovered that social amoebas form multi-cellular organisms with genetically similar 'kin' to ensure survival. By aggregating based on genetic similarity rather than true kinship, cells can increase their chances of reproducing and passing on their genes.
In response to environmental stress, yeast cells trigger a protein-misfolding mechanism that reveals hidden genetic variation, allowing them to adapt and evolve rapidly. This 'prion switching' enables cells to digest previously inaccessible materials, such as certain nutrients and antibiotics, without prior genetic mutation.