Researchers discovered that high-pressure air in front of meteoroids seeps into their pores, cracking them and causing explosions. A unique computer code allowed the team to simulate this phenomenon, explaining why some meteoroids disintegrate before reaching Earth's surface.
Research reveals significant gaps in participation among older adults with blood cancers, underscoring the need to close the gap and increase enrollment. Most patients under 65 are over-represented, while those aged 75+ account for only 4% of trials despite being diagnosed at a higher rate.
A cost analysis shows that individualized blood sugar goals for diabetes patients can save more than $13,500 over a lifetime compared to uniform national recommendations. Lower medication costs are the primary factor in these savings.
Researchers developed a hyperlens crystal made from isotopically purified boron, increasing its potential imaging capability by a factor of ten. The new material can capture images of objects as small as 30 nanometers in size, enabling direct observation of cellular processes.
Researchers have developed a new method for 3D printing metals that achieve exceptional strength and ductility. The breakthrough uses ultrafast cooling rates, resulting in non-equilibrium states that lead to improved mechanical properties.
Patients with advanced leukemia who rely on blood transfusions face barriers to quality end-of-life care, including limited hospice services and higher hospital deaths. Research suggests that improving access to blood transfusions could increase hospice care use among these patients.
A new study found that person-to-person genetic differences can impact the efficacy of gene editing technologies like CRISPR-Cas9. The researchers analyzed 7,444 whole-genome sequences and discovered that about 50% of guide RNAs could be affected by variants at their target sites.
A comprehensive study revealed that the common silky anteater is actually a complex of at least seven different species, including three previously revalidated and three newly described species. The discovery was made using genetic and anatomical data from 33 DNA samples and over 280 museum specimens.
A Northwestern Medicine study reveals autophagy's promoting role in malignant glioblastoma and identifies MST4 and ATG4B as key players. Inhibiting ATG4B with radiotherapy significantly slows tumor growth, increasing overall survival rates.
Researchers tracked Henst's goshawk population by analyzing strontium isotopes in leaves and animal remains, revealing the birds' hunting habits. The findings suggest that goshawks mainly inhabit lower elevations in forest areas vulnerable to human impacts, which could inform conservation efforts.
Exposure to air pollution just prior to conception or during the first month of pregnancy increases the risk of birth defects, such as cleft lip or palate. The study found that fine particulate matter is a significant health hazard and public health efforts should minimize population-level exposure.
A new study published in Annals of Internal Medicine found that personalized blood glucose goals can save an estimated $234 billion nationwide over time, mainly due to lower medication costs. The approach also improves quality of life compared to uniform intensive control.
Researchers at Queen Mary University of London used harmonic radar technology to study how bees develop efficient routes. They found that experienced bees use a combination of visiting feeders in the same order and flying along habitual flight paths to reduce travel distance.
A new study by University of Chicago researchers found that nearly 60% of Americans are connected to Medicaid, making it an important part of the middle-class social safety net. These constituents are more likely to view Medicaid as important and support increases in spending than those with no connection.
Researchers at the University of California, Irvine have developed a new satellite-based drought severity index that incorporates groundwater storage. This tool provides reliable information on drought conditions, enabling effective water management and impact assessment.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute find Runx3 protein enables killer T cells to accumulate in solid tumors, potentially improving cancer immunotherapy strategies. Enhancing Runx3 activity delays tumor growth and prolongs survival in mouse melanoma models.
Researchers announce innovative tools and therapies for hard-to-treat blood disorders, including gene editing platform CRISPR/Cas9. Interim results from a Phase I/II clinical study show restoration of all immune cell types in infants with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency.
Researchers at Arizona State University propose a spectral analysis tool to predict fisheries production and inform flow management strategies in the Mekong basin. A new study suggests this tool could provide innovative solutions for preserving river flow and biodiversity conservation in developing countries.
A study analyzed Twitter and Google search data to identify trends in vaccine sentiment before the 2014-2015 Disneyland measles outbreak. The findings suggest that social media users' attitudes toward vaccines exhibit increased variability, characteristic of systems approaching a tipping point.
The study found that human activities release significant amounts of vanadium into the environment, primarily through fossil fuel extraction and combustion. The annual global flux of vanadium is dominated by anthropogenic processes, with emissions to the atmosphere estimated to exceed natural emissions by up to 1.7.
Researchers developed a model that shows how planetary chemistry could create a greenhouse effect on an exoplanet, keeping it warm despite a cold sun. The model, based on Earth's possible geological and biological chemistry three billion years ago, suggests that methane may have played a key role in maintaining the planet's temperature.
A multi-national phase Ib study has demonstrated a complete response in up to 50 percent of patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treated with venetoclax and idasanutlin. The combination therapy shows promise as an effective treatment option for patients with limited treatment options.
A $500,000 USDA-funded project at the University of Nevada, Reno is using genetic studies and new seed stock to find compatible seeds for various zones in the Great Basin. The four-year study aims to improve restoration results, exploring the use of native seeds grown in local conditions.
Researchers are developing a new method to monitor hurricane intensity using seismic data, analyzing pressure changes on the surface that generate seismic waves. The technique, called beamforming backprojection, can detect even when the storm is still out at sea, offering a remote way to track storms.
A new study from Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis suggests that kidney dysfunction increases the risk of diabetes. Elevated urea levels, which can be lowered through medication and diet, are a likely cause of this relationship.
A team of researchers at Caltech has developed a way to encode multiple holographic images in a single surface using carefully engineered silicon oxide and aluminum surfaces. The technology works by reflecting light differently depending on the angle of incoming light, allowing for high-quality images with no loss of resolution.
Researchers have identified regions of the genome contributing to resistance against western corn rootworm, with ascorbate biosynthesis and nematode-attracting compounds implicated in the process. The study's findings offer hope for developing native resistance mechanisms into elite hybrids without using transgenics.
Research found that female physicians and rural doctors retire 4.1 years and 2.3 years earlier than their male and urban counterparts, respectively. About 40% of physicians reduce practice activity leading up to retirement, posing challenges for healthcare planning.
A new qualitative study found that people's desire for longevity is linked to their health status, with many wanting to live longer only if they can maintain their current level of health. Researchers recommend focusing on health and quality of life when considering policies related to aging.
Scientists improve photothermal properties of bismuth sulfide nanorods by adding gold nanodots, increasing heat generation in tumor cells under near-infrared light irradiation. This leads to enhanced inhibition of tumor growth with no toxic side effects.
Researchers at Scripps Research Institute have discovered a family of compounds, leinamycin (LNM), with potential as anti-cancer agents. By mining bacterial genomes, the team identified 49 bacteria with genes that code for LNM compounds, offering new avenues for cancer treatment.
Congenital myotonic dystrophy (CDM) is characterized by progressive muscle wasting and weakness. Researchers have identified an upregulation of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) myokine signaling pathway in CDM muscles, suggesting that enhanced RNA toxicity contributes to severe CDM phenotypes through aberrant IL-6 signaling.
The article proposes mental health and disorder recommendation programs to strengthen policy implementation in the Greater Mekong Subregion. The programs aim to address regional disparities and promote mental wellness by building international mental health networks.
A Stanford-led study of nearly 3,000 women with early stage breast cancer reveals a significant decline in chemotherapy use between 2013 and 2015, from 34.5% to 21.3%. This decrease reflects a growing trend towards personalized treatment approaches, with physicians increasingly considering tumor genomic testing to guide treatment choices.
ANU researchers have made significant progress in developing shatter-proof mobile phone screens, shedding light on the structure of glass and its resistance to fractures. The study's findings could also inform ways to produce glass suitable for storing nuclear waste more effectively.
Breast cancer survivors who consumed more soy foods and cruciferous vegetables experienced fewer menopausal symptoms and fatigue. Phytochemicals in these foods may modulate inflammation and estrogen levels, potentially reducing treatment-related side effects.
Researchers predict and demonstrate a giant spin anisotropy in graphene, paving the way for new spintronic logic devices. This phenomenon enables control over the lifetime of different spin orientations in graphene.
A two-year study in Monterey Canyon challenged existing paradigms on turbidity currents, finding sediment-transport events are more common and complex than previously thought. Researchers observed multiple turbidity currents with large-scale movements of the entire seafloor, which changed character as they moved down-canyon.
A new study found that Salmonella typhi toxin targets specific cells expressing multiantennal glycan receptors, which could lead to the development of targeted treatments for typhoid fever. The research also highlights the potential for sugar-based therapeutics to combat antibiotic-resistant diseases.
Extragalactic jets from supermassive black holes can disintegrate due to a previously unknown centrifugal instability. This study reveals that an instability similar to water flowing in curved pipes creates a weak point in the jet's flow.
A machine learning analysis found an association between genetic variability in the PPARG gene and altered cerebral connectivity in preterm infants. This study suggests that the PPARG signaling pathway may influence neurocognitive problems after preterm birth.
A clinical trial found that combining an antibody drug with food desensitization treatment improved allergy relief for children with multiple food allergies. The treatment, omalizumab, showed promising results in reducing allergic reactions when introducing small amounts of trigger foods into their diet.
Researchers at German Cancer Research Center prove grid cells measure distances and enable path integration in mice, aiding spatial orientation. This innate behavior helps animals find the most direct route from A to C without learning or visual cues.
Researchers at Princeton University have created a key piece of silicon hardware that controls quantum behavior between two electrons with extremely high precision. The demonstration of this nearly error-free gate opens the door to larger scale experiments and has the potential to scale to more qubits with even lower error rates.
A study of over 7,500 children in Sudan found that indoor nonpyrethroid insecticide spraying was more effective at reducing malaria incidence than pyrethroid spraying. The increased cost of using nonpyrethroid insecticides is relatively low, suggesting that resistance to pyrethroids may be driving the switch.
A study of 142 women and 12 men found an association between maternal immune response to the Y-linked protein NLGN4Y and sexual orientation in male offspring. Higher antibody concentrations were detected in mothers of homosexual sons compared to those with heterosexual sons or no sons.
Patients with atrial fibrillation admitted to rural hospitals have a 17% increased risk of death during hospitalization compared to urban hospitals. The study analyzed data from the National Inpatient Sample and found that rural hospitals are associated with higher mortality rates for AF patients.
Researchers at Yale University have reestimated African deforestation, finding a 21.7% loss of closed-canopy forests since 1900. The study highlights the importance of focusing conservation efforts in areas with actual deforestation rather than incorrectly labelled savannas.
A new study found that e-cigarette users are more than four times as likely to begin smoking tobacco cigarettes within 18 months. The research, published in the American Journal of Medicine, suggests that e-cigarettes serve as a gateway to traditional smoking, contradicting their use as a smoking cessation tool.
A global survey found that 91% of entangled marine turtles were dead, with serious wounds from entanglement and maiming. The study highlights the risk of plastic pollution to marine turtles, particularly young hatchlings and juveniles.
Researchers at TGen and Baylor Scott & White Research Institute are developing an early detection system for pancreatic cancer using a non-invasive blood test. The goal is to identify patients before symptoms appear or spread, improving mortality rates.
Researchers analyzed 800 million Twitter messages to find strong patterns of positive and negative moods reflecting circadian rhythms. The study also discovered seasonal variations in anger, sadness, and fatigue patterns.
A new study establishes expert consensus on managing concerning behaviors in patients taking opioids for chronic pain, including assessing risk and safety concerns, identifying pain symptoms, and providing patient education. The study also highlights the importance of referral to other pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic therapies.
A research team led by Professor Jens Nielsen has mapped out the complex metabolism of yeast cells, enabling the efficient production of protein therapies for diseases like cancer. The breakthrough could lead to significantly cheaper treatments, potentially reducing costs by 10%.
A new phase 2 trial found that high-intensity exercise three times a week for six months is safe and decreases worsening of motor symptoms in early-stage Parkinson's disease patients. The study compared high-intensity exercise to moderate intensity and found significant benefits for the high-intensity group.
The $125,000-per-dose cost of the drug nusinersen poses barriers for many patients with spinal muscular atrophy, who may not have access to it due to insurance restrictions. Early treatment is crucial for halting muscle degeneration, but unequal access to the medication raises ethical concerns about fairness and decision-making.
The Andes were formed due to the South American subduction zone, where an oceanic plate sinks into the Earth's mantle, causing crustal shortening and mountain building. The subduction zone's size and depth led to large-scale flow in the deep mantle, resulting in the continent's westward drag and collision with the subduction zone.
A Phase 1 trial of the targeted agent BLU-285 demonstrated rapid and durable responses with minimal adverse effects in patients with advanced systemic mastocytosis. The study found that 72% of evaluable patients achieved an overall response, with 100% having disease control.
A new study demonstrates techniques to track genetic changes in multiple myeloma over time using cell-free DNA found in blood. This approach potentially provides a more representative view of the disease throughout the body than traditional bone marrow biopsies.
A study showed that treating younger patients with a combination of chemotherapy and a molecularly targeted drug significantly improves response over traditional chemotherapy alone. The therapy combination resulted in a complete response rate of 37% compared to 20% historically, with ongoing maintenance showing deepened responses.