Researchers at University of Wisconsin-Madison used Hubble Space Telescope to analyze Leading Arm of Magellanic Stream, identifying it as coming from Small Magellanic Cloud. The study helps refine models of galaxy orbit and formation, shedding light on mysterious gas clouds surrounding Milky Way.
A study of 2,500 participants found that deployment to combat units was associated with lower odds of e-cigarette use. Soldiers who perceived e-cigarettes as less harmful had a 61% reduction in risk of using them.
Researchers identify SpdC as a key player in controlling S. aureus virulence, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance; Inhibiting SpdC may offer new approach to combating S. aureus infections.
Scientists at Bar-Ilan University discovered that learning in the brain occurs in dendrites, not just synapses. This new finding suggests a faster and more efficient learning process, with implications for current treatments and machine learning algorithms.
Scientists at Griffith University have unveiled a highly accurate technique for measuring electrical forces using a single atom as a sensor, with sensitivity down to 100 zeptoNewtons. This achievement allows for the investigation of surface phenomena and has potential applications in quantum computing and medical research.
Researchers at Université de Limoges developed a compact, optical fibre-based laser source that rivals synchrotron facilities in performing infrared spectromicroscopy. This breakthrough enables accurate chemical imaging of biological tissues with high precision, paving the way for early cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Researchers refuted long-held beliefs about sodium's impact on solar cell production by demonstrating its dual effect: homogenizing elements within grains but slowing inter-grain homogenization. This finding could lead to improved manufacturing processes and new insights into solar cell production.
Researchers have created new metal alloy rods with laquosuperelasticity, capable of restoring shape against large deformation, and high corrosion resistance. These alloys offer promise as biomaterials for bone implants and potential solutions to scoliosis treatment
Tropical Cyclone 16P has developed over the Arafura Sea, located between Australia's north coast and New Guinea. The storm is moving east at 4.6 mph and is expected to intensify as it enters the Gulf of Carpentaria.
Scientists at Rice University have developed a method to produce strong, lightweight graphite pellets without the need for high-temperature processing. The pellets exhibit good conductivity and stability in various conditions, making them suitable for applications such as conducting cables and electrodes.
Researchers at New York University have found that strong signals can be transmitted across many areas of the brain using a balanced large-scale neural circuit mechanism. This discovery may help explain how conscious information processing is achieved.
Researchers at the University of Nottingham are developing a new neonatal transport system to reduce vibration and stress on premature babies. The system aims to improve neurological outcomes and long-term quality of life for these vulnerable infants.
Researchers at Tufts University developed miniaturized sensors that can detect nutrients, chemicals and physiological states, offering a non-invasive way to monitor dietary intake. The sensors, with a footprint of 2mm x 2mm, transmit data wirelessly in response to radiofrequency signals.
A study by the University of Toronto Rotman School of Management found that low confidence can lead to selfish behavior, but also increased generosity when public choices are made. In contrast, high confidence participants tend to be more generous in their choices.
Scientists have developed a new type of high-capacity optical disk that can hold data securely for over 600 years, addressing the world's data storage problem. The technology enables a significant leap in capacity and lifespan compared to traditional hard disk drives.
Hemodialysis patients are vulnerable to life-threatening infections that can spread to others in dialysis facilities. A series of articles highlights the urgency of preventing these infections, emphasizing the need for evidence-based practices and leadership from nephrologists.
A recent study at Lake Abert found that low water levels and high salinity affect the availability of brine shrimp, a key food source for waterbirds. The lake's surface area has decreased by nearly 200 football fields since 1986, resulting in a 82% decline in bird sightings during periods of low water and high salinity.
A 6-inch human skeleton discovered in Chile had high-quality DNA suitable for modern sequencing technology, revealing insights into its ancestry and phenotype. Multiple genetic mutations linked to diseases such as dwarfism and musculoskeletal abnormalities were found.
A calorie restriction trial in healthy adults aged 21-50 found significant improvements in biomarkers of aging, including reduced oxidative stress and slowed metabolic rate. The study suggests that sustained calorie restriction may help decrease risk for chronic disease and prolong life.
Researchers have successfully created amorphous metal alloys using additive manufacturing, overcoming the critical casting thickness limitation. The technique enables production of metallic glasses on larger scales, with potential applications in high-performance materials for electric motors, wear resistance, and structural integrity.
Tropical Cyclone Marcus, a Category 4 hurricane, was monitored by NASA-NOAA's Suomi NPP satellite. The storm's weakening was attributed to warming cloud top temperatures and increasing vertical wind shear.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology have developed a fabric that converts kinetic energy into electric power. The textile generates electricity when stretched or exposed to pressure, and can currently light an LED, send wireless signals, or drive small electric units.
A new study suggests that certified logging operations can protect jaguars and other large wildlife species. Camera trap surveys in Guatemala and Peru found high jaguar densities in managed concessions, with an average of 1.5 to 4.5 jaguars per 100 square kilometers.
The study of a two-billion-year-old salt mineral deposit provides new insights into the Earth's atmosphere following the Great Oxidation Event. Marine sulfate concentrations were significantly lower in ancient oceans, indicating large amounts of oxygen reacted with sulfur, accumulating in the oceans as sulfates.
The Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft has approved 14 new Priority Programmes for 2019, covering a range of disciplines and topics including spatial genome architecture, Perovskite semiconductors, and digital image. The programmes will receive approximately €80 million in funding over three years.
Researchers at the University of Maryland School of Medicine are conducting trials to test the safety and efficacy of an H7N9 influenza vaccine. The vaccine, developed by Sanofi Pasteur, will be evaluated in healthy volunteers and elderly adults, with different dosages and adjuvant combinations tested.
The MedSeq Project analyzed costs six months after genetic information was returned to physicians and their patients. Sequencing did identify health-relevant genetic information, but downstream costs were similar between sequenced and unsequenced patients.
Researchers found that the microbes surrounding plant roots prefer a diet rich in organic acids, with sugars being preferred early in the growth cycle. This discovery could help scientists identify ways to enhance soil microbiome for improved carbon storage and plant productivity.
A study of beetles shows that those with physical impairments spend more time feeding their young, sacrificing resources to care for their offspring. The researchers suggest that the insects may respond by expecting not to breed again and expending more resources to guarantee their young's survival.
A joint study by the University of Exeter and Bayer AG has identified key enzymes in honeybees and bumblebees responsible for their sensitivity to neonicotinoid pesticides. This breakthrough provides valuable tools to screen new pesticides early in development, potentially avoiding costly restrictions on their use.
A systematic review of eight clinical trials found that certain nutrient supplements, such as Taurine and antioxidants, may improve mental health in young people with psychosis. The review suggests that these nutrients could be effective 'add-on' treatments when used alongside standard treatment.
Researchers found oral pathogens in colon specimens of polybacterial-infected mice, affecting the microbiome and NO synthesis. The study suggests a link between periodontitis and colon health, potentially impacting motility and antioxidant defenses.
Salk scientists discover that maternal behavior changes brain cells in mice by altering L1 gene copy number and methylation. This correlation suggests a unique role for the jumping gene L1 in shaping brain development.
A new study using fMRI scans found that Transcendental Meditation practice leads to a unique state of restful alertness, characterized by increased blood flow to frontal areas of the brain and decreased activity in pons and cerebellum. This finding supports the technique's claim to induce a deeply rested yet alert mental state.
A recent study reveals that differences in metabolic enzyme activity break down pesticide chemicals, explaining bee sensitivity. Researchers found specific enzymes like CYP9Q3 and CYP9Q4 responsible for tolerance to thiacloprid and imidacloprid, respectively.
Women with small, low-grade tumors and a genetic profile at low risk of metastasis have only a 1.4% chance of locoregional recurrence within five years. Breast conservation surgery is as effective as mastectomy in reducing the risk of recurrence.
Researchers discovered a glitch in muscle-blood vessel communication that causes vascular aging, which they reversed using NAD+ and SIRT1-boosting treatments. The findings have implications for therapies targeting humans with vascular aging disorders.
Researchers have developed a novel solution to detect, locate, and quantify methane leaks using a mobile dual-comb device. The system combines NIST's frequency comb technology with an array of corner cube retroreflectors for continuous monitoring over large areas.
A new computational method, Lancet, enables more accurate identification of rare gene mutations in cancer cells by jointly analyzing tumor and normal cell genomes. This approach outperforms existing methods in detecting somatic variants with higher accuracy and sensitivity.
Researchers at NYU Tandon School of Engineering have made a discovery that can flag the barest presence of viruses or proteins, as well as detect airborne chemical warfare agents. The breakthrough enables biosensors tailored to specific applications, from wearable sensors for soldiers to nanoparticle drug uptake.
A study found that bacterial composition differs in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, promoting immune suppression and tumor growth. Eliminating certain bacteria slowed cancer progression and increased T-cell infiltration into tumors.
Researchers have discovered a key link between RNA cytosine methylation, methyltransferases, and chromatin structure in regulating 5-azacytidine response in leukemia. The study's findings offer new insights into predicting drug resistance and potential therapeutic targets for patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myelo...
A recent study found that up to 40% of direct-to-consumer genetic tests provide incorrect readings in raw data. The findings highlight the importance of seeking clinical test validation to ensure accurate patient care.
Researchers develop an optimized approach combining AP-MS and BioID to identify protein-protein interactions, stoichiometries, and molecular context. The method enables higher resolution assignment of proteins to cellular or subcellular locations.
Researchers at Tohoku University have found that microorganisms with cilia can escape from dead ends using a swimming motion. This ability enables them to survive in intricate environments where other organisms may not be able to thrive.
A policy package of bequest taxes and land value taxes could reduce wealth inequality without diminishing economic performance. The study finds that these taxes have a strong advantage over corporate taxation, and can even help mitigate housing shortages.
A Stanford-UCSF study has analyzed the mysterious Ata skeleton, a human fetus with severe genetic mutations, revealing multiple genes contributing to bone deformities and dwarfism. The comprehensive genomic analysis adds new mutational variants to the repository of known disease-causing genes.
Researchers at Harvard Medical School propose a coordinated effort to develop clear definitions of acupuncture points and evaluate their biological basis. The study aims to address the skepticism surrounding acupuncture's legitimacy in mainstream healthcare.
Researchers at ETH Zurich developed a self-folding material inspired by the earwig's wing, which can operate without muscular actuation. This innovation has potential applications in space travel, foldable electronics, and everyday objects.
Researchers analyzed preschool-age children's supragingival microbiomes to understand early childhood caries (ECC) development. Notable differences in bacterial species abundance were found among caries-free, restored disease, and untreated disease groups, suggesting that restorative care alone may not reverse ECC-associated dysbiosis.
A study found that bariatric surgery significantly improves cardiovascular disease risk factors and blood glucose control, while medication has limited effectiveness. The analysis of existing data from two studies showed a 70% improvement rate in A1c levels among surgically treated teens.
A new study reveals that pups with less maternal care have more repeated genetic sequences in their neurons. The researchers found a link between maternal care and transposon replication in the hippocampus, but not in other brain regions or organs.
Researchers at UCSF and Stanford University sequence the genome of a mysterious skeleton, nicknamed 'Ata', revealing rare genetic mutations associated with dwarfism and bone growth disorders. The analysis highlights the power of open-source genetic data in enabling precise diagnoses.
A recent study found that the rate of hip replacement revision surgery has decreased in all age groups except those between 45 and 64 years old. In this age group, the revision rate increased by over 30%, indicating a need for longer-lasting implants.
Researchers found that participants reciprocated more with wealthy individuals, even when they displayed equal generosity. This led to a widening of the wealth gap as recipients favored the wealthy, resulting in increased social capital disparities.
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania found that hunger suppresses chronic pain by targeting specific brain cells. The study discovered that activating a group of 300 neurons responsible for prioritizing hunger over pain significantly reduced inflammatory pain responses, while acute pain responses remained intact.
Researchers from Moscow State University discovered the structure of a key region of the telomerase enzyme, which plays a crucial role in cellular aging and DNA replication. The study's findings have significant implications for developing potential anticancer drugs and understanding the regulation of telomerase activity.
Researchers from the University of Surrey tested 50 drug-free volunteers and 15 drug users, detecting cocaine and heroin residues in 13% and 1% of fingerprints respectively. A 'cut-off' level was established to distinguish between environmental contaminants and genuine drug use, even after washing hands.
Researchers at Houston Methodist have identified a compound that prevents breast cancer cells from spreading to the brain. Edelfosine, an investigational leukemia treatment, has been shown to stop cancer stem cells from growing once they reach the brain. This finding offers new hope for treating metastatic brain disease.
Researchers at MIT have developed a device that can extract potable water from even the driest of desert air, with relative humidities as low as 10 percent. The system uses metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and can be powered solely by sunlight.