A Dartmouth study reveals that the way human fungal pathogens form colonies can significantly impact their ability to cause disease. The researchers identified a specific mutation that causes key changes in gene function, leading to improved virulence and host damage. Understanding these characteristics is crucial for developing effect...
European shags follow social cues by watching fellow birds to determine the best time and place to dive. This behaviour may help them save energy and find fish more efficiently. The study sheds light on the importance of understanding seabird species' adaptability in response to environmental pressures.
A new report highlights the limitations of cell-based therapies for treating musculoskeletal diseases like arthritis and osteoporosis due to insufficient clinical evidence. The task force recommends specific guidelines for preclinical and clinical investigations to develop more effective treatments.
Research finds that even mild long-term depressive symptoms among mothers affect their small children's emotional well-being, including hyperactivity and anxiety. The study also highlights the importance of monitoring parents' mental health during pregnancy and after birth.
A recent US pediatric heart transplant policy change aimed to reduce waitlist mortality rates but may have inadvertently increased deaths for certain patients. The study highlights the need for further discussion on optimizing organ allocation and waitlist criteria.
Researchers observed how football molecules made of carbon atoms burst in X-ray laser beam. The study reveals the temporal course of bursting process and contributes to a more detailed protein analysis with X-ray free-electron lasers.
This study examined changes in internal medicine subspecialty choices from 1991 to 2016, with women and men showing varying trends across nine subspecialties. The findings suggest shifting interests in areas like geriatric medicine and hematology and oncology, potentially driven by demographic changes.
Scientists have made new discoveries about transcription, a fundamental process in all living cells. Researchers used advanced imaging techniques to study transcription at the scale of individual genes, revealing unexpected drivers of cellular individuality.
Researchers report the discovery of a giant marine virus genome in predatory unicellular flagellates, encoding three rhodopsin photosensitive proteins. The findings suggest these viruses may confer phototrophic abilities on their hosts.
A University of Calgary-led study found that MRI scans can significantly improve the diagnosis of minor strokes and transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). In 30% of cases, the MRI scan led to a change in diagnosis. The study's findings suggest that MRI scans are essential for patients with non-traditional symptoms, reducing unnecessary med...
A recent study published in Economics and Human Biology suggests that the current obesity epidemic in adults may have been caused by excessive sugar consumption in childhood. The researchers modeled the increase in US adult obesity rates since the 1990s as a legacy of increased excess sugar consumption measured among children in the 19...
NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission detected intense rainfall rates in Tropical Storm Lorenzo, with the heaviest downpours occurring near the storm's center. The tropical cyclone is forecast to strengthen and become a hurricane by Wednesday, posing a threat to interests in the Cabo Verde Islands.
Researchers at Neuroscience 2019 announce new gene therapy research promising to prevent, treat, and reverse incurable neurological disorders. Successes in restoring lost functions in animal models of neurological diseases are discussed, as well as technique advancements that may improve future treatments.
A study of 1,461 hospital data breaches found that 71% compromised sensitive demographic or financial information, putting patients at risk of identity theft. The breaches also revealed a lack of transparency about the types of information compromised, sparking calls for policymakers to require standardized documentation.
A new study by the US Army Research Laboratory found that humans' confidence in robots decreases significantly after a mistake, regardless of transparency. Participants rated the unreliable robot as less trustworthy, likable, and safe than the reliable one.
Scientists analyzed mountain landscapes worldwide and found that after a certain elevation, channels become sensitive to subtle changes in inclines, limiting mountain height. This discovery has implications for understanding ancient climate, forecasting future patterns, and exploring geophysical links of mountain formation.
Researchers have found interactions between multiple genetic lineages of the amphibian-killing chytrid fungus, including a previously unknown lineage widespread in Southeast Asia. This discovery suggests that genetic recombinations can create more virulent hybrids, posing additional threats to amphibians and conservation efforts.
Researchers at RMIT University have developed a non-viral gene delivery method that has proven effective in laboratory tests, opening the door to treatment of various genetic diseases. The method uses Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) and could significantly reduce the time and expense involved in bringing new treatments to market.
A Rutgers-led study suggests that the breakdown of Himalayan rocks may not be responsible for long-term climate cooling over the past 15 million years. Algae production and calcium carbonate levels decreased in deep-sea sediments during this period, indicating alternative processes may have driven climate change.
Mackerel shark diversity peaked in the Early Late Cretaceous period but declined over the last 20 million years. Cooler temperatures and clade competition with ground sharks drove this decline.
A team of researchers led by Ohio University's Jason Trembly has received a $2 million grant from the US Department of Energy to develop coal-based composite decking boards. The project aims to utilize coal in the manufacture of construction composite building materials, resulting in lower energy consumption and emissions.
Researchers have developed thinner shells for delivering therapeutic biomolecules, reducing osmotic pressure required for safe release. The lopsided microcapsules can burst at lower pressures, making them suitable for controlled release in medicine and other fields.
Researchers Keefe Manning and Yong Wang propose a new method of surface modification of nanoparticles for local drug delivery to prevent thrombosis in medical devices. The goal is to develop a solution that would reduce side effects and increase drug concentration without frequent administration of antithrombotic drugs.
Fungi's genes encode enzymes that use simple building blocks to build complex molecules through a decade-long collaborative research effort, revealing a surprising Diels-Alder reaction. This discovery opens paths for improving chemical reactions and harnessing the enzyme to create new compounds with biological activities.
Researchers will investigate factors contributing to successful post-adoption development in children adopted from the child welfare system, focusing on household dynamics and physiological mechanisms.
A systematic review of 58 studies from 23 countries found no association between overall screen time and academic performance. However, excessive TV and video game use was linked to poorer grades.
Researchers have discovered a new reaction that enables the production of indoline scaffolds, which are crucial for developing new medicines. By using nitrogen as a catalyst, the reaction can create complex assemblies more easily and efficiently.
Researchers developed a kidney transplant risk model combining data from kidney donor registries, statistics of probable genetic profiles, and immunological knowledge to improve predictions of donor-recipient match. The study suggests that incorporating partial antigen match data can further enhance the accuracy of the model.
Replacing seasonal vaccines with universal ones could avert over 17 million cases and 251,000 hospitalizations per year. States with high hospitalization costs and elderly populations would experience the greatest economic benefits.
Scientists at UCL have developed a method to reactivate 'tumour suppressor' genes silenced by cancer cells. This finding could lead to new targeted biotherapies for cancer treatment.
Hurricanes Katrina and Rita had a significant impact on the mortality rate of seniors with diabetes, even ten years later. Those who lived in affected areas experienced a 40% higher one-month mortality rate compared to unaffected counties.
Researchers found that dads' childcare activities are more likely to be recreational and take place on the weekend, while mothers' activities involve infants and solo parenting. The study suggests that parents' happiness and stress levels depend on the type of childcare activity and context in which it takes place.
Scientists have discovered a new reaction to obtain water-soluble fullerene derivatives with high antiviral activity against flu viruses, HIV, HSV, and CMV. This breakthrough opens opportunities for developing effective antiviral drugs capable of suppressing untreatable infections.
Researchers have developed an electronic chip that can perform high-sensitivity intracellular recording from thousands of connected neurons simultaneously. This breakthrough has enabled the mapping of hundreds of synaptic connections and opens up new strategies for machine intelligence to build artificial neural networks.
The study found that tumor heterogeneity, not mutational burden, is a key factor in determining the success of immunotherapy for melanoma patients. Researchers developed an experimental system to systematically generate tumors with intermediate levels of genetic heterogeneity, leading to a high correlation between this factor and treat...
A new study published in INFORMS Journal Marketing Science found that AI chatbots can increase sales by four times compared to inexperienced workers. However, customer awareness of the use of AI chatbots before making a purchase leads to a significant decline in sales rates.
The survey found significant disparities in health conditions, insurance coverage, and access to care across Harris County neighborhoods. Black residents were more likely to experience economic hardship and face food insecurity, with areas such as Aldine and Settegast reporting the highest percentages of residents living in poor health.
DNA molecules have a hydrophobic interior that groups together when exposed to water, controlling the binding process. The discovery opens doors for new understanding in medicine and life sciences, with potential applications in fighting resistant bacteria and curing cancer.
Researchers propose targeting cancer patients' mindsets to improve their health, functioning, and well-being. They identify specific mindsets that can impact cancer patients' health, such as viewing cancer as manageable or seeing the body as capable and resilient.
Research found that 65% of visual cortex regions in blind individuals show synchronized activity when listening to audio clips, indicating a higher-order processing role. The study suggests an underlying organization dictates the brain's repurposing of unused regions in blind people.
A study found that losing the automatic reenrollment option in California's Covered California marketplace led to a decrease in enrollment. The researchers analyzed data and reported a significant decline in enrollment following the removal of this feature.
Researchers developed a tiny nanolaser that can function inside living tissues without harming them. The nanolaser shows promise for imaging in living tissues and can operate in extremely confined spaces.
A new study found that fat mass index is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes. Researchers analyzed data from the ACCORD study and found that participants with higher fat mass were at increased risk, while lean body mass did not provide protection.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine developed a compound that extends survival in mice models of pediatric brain tumors, particularly those expressing the MYC oncogene. The compound inhibits glutamine metabolism, making chemotherapy more effective.
New research suggests that mosasaurs used a unique swimming style that combined elements of both tail and forelimb movement. This dual approach may have allowed them to swim faster and more efficiently than previously thought, with powerful bursts of speed adding to their cruising ability.
A new association between secondhand smoke exposure and heart rhythm disorder risk has been highlighted by a study. Children of parents who smoke had a significantly increased chance of developing atrial fibrillation later in life.
Tropical Storm Tapah transitioned into an extra-tropical storm as measured by NASA's Global Precipitation Measurement mission, showing heavy rainfall on the northeastern side of the storm. The storm was characterized by strong winds of up to 63 mph and poleward displacement towards the north pole.
A new study aims to assess the impact of guided POLST form completion on patient care preferences being respected. Trained nurses will provide advanced care planning assistance to patients enrolled in the randomized controlled trial.
QUT researchers have developed a new method for analysing Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) images using deep learning techniques to detect and track eye diseases such as glaucoma and macular degeneration. The team's findings show that their program is reliable and more accurate than standard image analysis methods.
A new study reveals that coastal proximity, rain and prevailing wind direction influence the distribution of marine sulfur on land. Plants in coastal settings utilize marine-derived sulfur, which is affected by human activities such as oil refineries and vehicles.
Research published in Circulation found a strong link between pregnancy hypertension and an increased risk of cardiovascular disorders, including stroke and heart failure. Women with preeclampsia or other types of pregnancy hypertension are more likely to develop these conditions later in life.
A unique partnership between an engineer and a scientist challenged prevailing wisdom about Toxoplasma gondii's behavior, revealing potential targets for treatment. The team's work showed that parasites are actively replicating with complex patterns, forcing a reconsideration of the parasite's life cycle.
Scientists at the University of Surrey discovered that green tea's EGCG can restore antibiotic activity against antibiotic-resistant bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The study found that combining EGCG with aztreonam significantly reduced bacterial numbers and improved survival rates in infected larvae.
Researchers have developed a new CRISPR technology to accurately regulate and edit genomes in human cells, opening up nearly 90% of CRISPR-Cas systems. This approach has shown promise for biomedical research, gene therapies, and other applications.
University of Illinois researchers have created a new framework for nanoantenna light absorption, enabling the detection of individual biomolecules and catalyzing chemical reactions. The breakthrough has potential applications in cancer diagnostics, quantum computing, and novel biochemistry methods.
A study by University of Bristol researchers found that a named GP scheme did not lead to improved continuity of care or reduced emergency hospital admissions among older patients. Instead, it increased the risk of emergency hospital admissions, particularly among those aged over 75.
Researchers discovered novel brain circuits in the hippocampal formation play a critical role in object-location learning and memory. The study provides new insights into Alzheimer's disease, offering potential targets for treatment.
A new study from King's College London found that depression and binge-drinking are more prevalent among female military partners than comparable women outside the military community. The research suggests that military partners may use binge-drinking as a coping mechanism for the stress and separation caused by deployment.
Researchers found slower cell division rates in people between ages 80 and 89 compared to those between 20 and 29, potentially explaining age-related cancer decline. Mice did not exhibit similar age-dependent cell division slowdown.
Clinical trial results show that pregnant women with obesity can support fetal development without excess calorie intake. The study's findings suggest maintaining pre-pregnancy calorie intake and improving diet quality instead of increasing daily calorie consumption.