A Rutgers New Jersey Medical School study has found a genetically tractable cause of drug tolerant tuberculosis, paving the way for researchers to develop new drugs. The reversible mutations in the M.tuberculosis glpK gene produce a transient form of tolerance that disappears after treatment withdrawal.
A recent study by Arizona State University researchers found that tarballs, tiny organic particles formed during wildfires, can significantly impact local and global climate. The team's analysis revealed that tarballs form through chemical and physical changes of organic aerosols within the first hours following smoke production.
A study of over 1,000 children found that those with an elder brother had a two-month delay in language development compared to those without an elder sibling. Elder sisters, on the other hand, did not seem to have a negative impact on their younger siblings' language skills.
A new software package, litsearchr, has been developed to streamline systematic reviews in ecology and conservation biology. By reducing the time required to develop a search strategy by 90%, researchers can focus on analyzing relevant information rather than wasting time searching for it.
The GERDA experiment has set a record-breaking sensitivity for detecting the neutrinoless double beta decay, which could reveal if neutrinos are their own antiparticles. The LEGEND project plans to increase the detector mass and reduce background noise to achieve even greater sensitivity.
The UCI Institute for Clinical & Translational Science will use the grant to initiate and extend efforts to translate biomedical research into new treatments, with a focus on diverse communities. The institute aims to partner with community partners to identify and resolve health needs in Orange County.
A team from the University of Pennsylvania has created a comprehensive molecular map of every cell in a developing animal embryo, using single-cell genomics methods. The study provides insights into how cells specialize their function during development and could lead to breakthroughs in regenerative medicine and cellular engineering.
A 2018 Kilauea eruption led to an unusual algae super bloom that stretched for miles, fueled by the perfect cocktail of nutrients from the ocean, including nitrate, silicic acid, iron, and phosphate. The bloom, which was hundreds of miles wide, was an unexpected outcome of the volcanic event.
A new herbivorous hadrosaurid dinosaur, Kamuysaurus japonicus, has been discovered in Japan with three distinct features. The dinosaur, measuring 8 meters long and weighing up to 5.3 tons, is closely related to other Edmontosaurini clade species.
A study published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing found that social networking site addiction negatively impacts nurses' performance and concentration. The authors suggest hospitals take steps to limit social media use and provide training to help nurses manage distractions.
Researchers found that Zika virus replicates in adult human brain tissue and impairs synapse function and memory in infected mice. The study showed that the virus causes a strong inflammatory response, leading to microglia activation and synapse damage, resulting in memory loss.
The researchers identified underlying causes of the deadly Palu earthquake and tsunami using coupled computer models. The team found that the earthquake-induced movement of the seafloor beneath Palu Bay itself could have generated the tsunami, meaning landslides contributed less to its formation than previously thought.
New research suggests that temperate loggerhead turtle nesting beaches may experience improved hatchling production under climate change, but this improvement could be short-lived. Rising temperatures and precipitation levels pose significant threats to marine turtle habitats worldwide.
A 16-year study of 452,000 Europeans found a positive association between artificially sweetened and sugar-sweetened soft drinks and an increased risk of death from circulatory and digestive diseases. The findings support public health campaigns aimed at limiting soft drink consumption.
A novel swallowable balloon device has been cleared by the FDA for clinical use, allowing for early detection of Barrett's esophagus and reducing the risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. The test is more than 90% sensitive and non-invasive, making it a promising tool for screening and prevention.
Researchers have isolated specific cells that can target rogue immune T-cells, potentially rebooting the immune system. This 'antigen-specific immunotherapy' shows promise in treating existing inflammatory autoimmune diseases.
Francesca Verones aims to create a comprehensive life-cycle assessment tool to evaluate the environmental impacts of ocean-related activities. Her research will consider everything from shipping routes and pollutants to tourism and trash management.
A new hadrosaur species, Kamuysaurus japonicus, discovered in Japan's Hakobuchi Formation, reveals insights into hadrosaur diversity and evolution during the Late Cretaceous Period. The 72-million-year-old specimen showcases unique features, such as a small crest and forward-pointing neural spines.
A study by FSU researchers found that pet owners experienced lower levels of depression and loneliness than non-pet owners after the loss of a spouse. The companionship of pets may provide an alternative to human social support networks in reducing negative psychological consequences.
The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy has released an updated guideline on screening and surveillance of Barrett's esophagus, aiming to improve patient outcomes. The guideline addresses various endoscopic procedures and technologies used in screening and surveillance, including advanced imaging and sampling modalities.
Boston Children's Hospital scientists have received funding from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative to support two projects focused on mapping specific tissues and improving imaging tools. The grants will help advance understanding of childhood diseases and develop better therapies.
A collaboration between Elsevier and Wageningen University uses analytical methods to detect and prevent citation stacking and pushing in scientific research. The study found that 0.8% of reviewers were associated with suspicious citation patterns, highlighting the importance of quality control in publishing.
Scientists analyzed China's crop production and trade over 1986-2015, finding that imports can relieve nitrogen pollution but also expose China to market risks. The study proposes 'alternative' nitrogen and land concepts to mitigate environmental damage.
A new study found that women who experienced PTSD symptoms were at a higher risk of developing ovarian cancer, particularly those with high-grade serous histotype. Researchers analyzed data from the Nurses' Health Study II and found a significant association between PTSD and increased ovarian cancer risk.
A new study published in Journal of School Health found that non-daters have good social skills and low depression. Adolescents who were not in a romantic relationship fared better or equal to peers who dated.
A recent study of 1,664 college students found that traditional cigarette smokers and e-cigarette users experienced poorer sleep quality. E-cigarette users reported greater use of sleep medications than traditional cigarette users, highlighting the potential risks of e-cigarette use on sleep health.
The Soviet Union's collapse led to a significant decrease in greenhouse gas emissions due to decreased meat consumption and abandonment of cultivated land. This resulted in a reduction of around 7.61 billion tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions from 1992 to 2001.
The Global Precipitation Measurement mission captured data on Hurricane Juliette's rainfall patterns, revealing a 'hook' shape of intense precipitation. The heaviest rainfall was found in the northwest thunderstorms, circling the storm's eye at rates over 36 mm/hour.
A new WHO autoantibody reference reagent has been developed to align autoantibody analyses, improving diagnosis and treatment for patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) worldwide. The reference reagent was evaluated in an international study and showed significant improvements in differences between different anti-dsDNA assays.
UCLA Health has been awarded a federal grant to create a regional hub for medical technology and digital health innovation. The Biodesign Hub will focus on developing healthcare technology, leveraging Silicon Beach's startup activity, and advancing patient care.
A study led by the University of Arizona found that city design factors such as housing density, lot size, and vegetated land cover significantly impact residential water use. Researchers estimated models for annual and summer water use in four cities, including Austin, Phoenix, Portland, and Salt Lake City.
A four-year study of over 500 research institutions found that promotion, recruitment, and retention of women to senior roles are lacking in STEM. Despite efforts by some institutions to implement supportive policies, the report suggests a persistent need for action to achieve gender equity.
A study from the University of Washington found that people exposed to multiple languages can identify words in yet another language better than those who live in monolingual environments. This effect was observed even among those with limited proficiency in other languages, suggesting that ambient exposure plays a role in language lea...
A genome-wide analysis of ancient DNA from over 500 individuals sheds light on the complex genetic ancestry of South and Central Asia. The study documents genetic exchanges with European Steppe, Near East, and southeast Asia, revealing a population history that reflects similar genomic patterns to those in ancient Europe.
A new study published in Journal of Internal Medicine found that coffee consumption is linked to a lower risk of developing symptomatic gallstones. Drinking more than six cups of coffee per day was associated with a 23% reduced risk, while one extra cup per day had a 3% lower risk.
A small study of adults found that hot yoga lowered systolic and diastolic blood pressures, while also reducing perceived stress. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Researchers found that phosphate levels in the surface ocean are less abundant than previously thought, using high-sensitivity measurements. This new data improves ocean models' ability to predict climate change impacts on oceans and their ecosystems.
Scientists investigated the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum across sub-Saharan Africa, identifying distinct regional characteristics and potential drivers of variation. Human movement and malaria drug resistance are key factors contributing to this diversity, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions.
A new Harvard study shows that students in 'active learning' classrooms learn more than they think, contradicting long-held beliefs about the effectiveness of traditional lectures. The study found that students felt like they learned more from lectures but actually scored higher on tests following active learning sessions.
A research team has sequenced the genome of Dysdera silvatica, an endemic species in the Canary Islands, providing valuable information on its genetic basis and trophic specialization. The study reveals a high complexity genome with repetitive elements and identifies 36,000 protein-coding genes.
Researchers discovered that patients coming off chronic opioid prescriptions were three times more likely to die of an overdose in the years that followed. This alarming outcome has raised concerns about the policy recommendations aimed at reducing opioid prescribing, highlighting the need for systems to protect patients.
Researchers have directly observed the non-Abelian Aharonov-Bohm Effect, a predicted exotic phenomenon involving optical waves and synthetic magnetic fields. The finding may offer a step toward fault-tolerant quantum computers.
A new study reveals a significant scarcity of potential male spouses who resemble the husbands of comparable married women. Unmarried women face serious shortages of partners, particularly those from racial and ethnic minorities or with low to high socioeconomic status.
Despite three failed replications, Science is maintaining an Editorial Expression of Concern (EEoC) on the 2016 study by Siddappa N. Byrareddy et al., which reported significant results for SIV virus treatment using an antibody targeting integrin protein α4β7.
Researchers discover that abnormally small epithelial cells can dissociate from each other, leading to geometric effects on tissue packing. The study provides insights into the role of cell size variation in human disease progression, particularly in tumorigenesis.
A new study reveals that serotonin and certain antidepressants can significantly impact the gut's microbiota, a crucial system of 100 trillion microorganisms. The research identifies Turicibacter sanguinis as a key bacterium responding to serotonin levels, which can influence its growth and presence in the gut.
Research linking migraines to increased risk of dementia highlights the importance of early detection and prevention strategies for Alzheimer's disease. Migraines were identified as a mid-life risk factor for dementia, including Alzheimer's disease, in a study of 679 community-dwelling adults aged 65 years and older.
UC San Diego researchers develop a method to stabilize genetic circuits in microbes for extended periods, resetting the mutation clock and keeping the circuit running. This approach has significant implications for fields like cancer therapy, bioremediation, and protein production.
A massive ancient DNA study has unveiled the complex history of Central and South Asian populations, revealing a shift away from farming ancestors and toward steppe pastoralists. The research also clarifies the origins of Indo-European languages in the region, challenging long-standing theories.
A new ancient DNA study reveals the complex origins of populations in Central Asia, combining archaeological and genetic expertise to illustrate nuanced mechanisms of genetic diversity and change. The research, published in Science, is the largest in the world to date and addresses a significant gap in the ancient DNA dataset.
Researchers developed an animal model to test HIV infection and therapies in infants, allowing them to study viral rebound after antiretroviral therapy interruption. The simian-human immunodeficiency virus-infected infant rhesus macaque model mimics breast milk transmission and simulates human infants' immune responses.
Fragmented strong storms remain in the remnants of Tropical Storm Fernand, capable of generating heavy rainfall. The storms were detected by NASA's Aqua satellite using infrared light, with cloud top temperatures as cold as -70 degrees Fahrenheit.
A study published in the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society found that older adults with newly diagnosed hearing loss who receive hearing aids have a lower risk of developing dementia, depression, and fall-related injuries compared to those who do not. The study, which analyzed data from nearly 115,000 Medicare beneficiaries, a...
A large cohort study confirms that adding transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) to sorafenib improves survival rates in patients with advanced liver cancer, with median overall survival increasing by up to 26%. The treatment combination also shows similar tolerability compared to sorafenib alone.
A new study found that same-sex male couples are excluded from equal paid parental leave opportunities, with only four countries offering the same amount of leave. The research highlights the need for policymakers to address gender-restrictive language and provide inclusive policies for all parents, regardless of sex or partnership sta...
A new measurement for the size of the proton at 0.833 femtometres confirms it is approximately five percent smaller than previously accepted value. The study resolves the long-standing proton-radius puzzle with an electron-based measurement that agrees with a 2010 finding.
Acetic acid irrigation after button battery removal may prevent continued tissue injury and long-term complications in children. A recent study found that irrigation with dilute sterile vinegar, 0.25% acetic acid, improved mucosal appearance and prevented esophageal complications.
Researchers discovered fungal communities in fetal gut, finding evidence of gradual natural colonization before birth. The study's findings suggest microbial components play important roles in human health and development.
A Tel Aviv University study reveals that coral spawning synchrony has broken down in the Gulf of Eilat/Aqaba, leading to reduced recruitment and stagnant aging populations. The researchers attribute this decline to ocean warming and endocrine-disrupting pollutants, posing a threat to the long-term survival of coral species.
Changes to environmental conditions may be causing corals to lose their synchronized mass-spawning strategy, which could drive aging populations to extinction. This desynchronization poses a previously unnoticed threat to coral survival, with implications for global reef health.