Researchers discovered fossil clams in Sarasota County that contained dozens of tiny glass beads, likely originating from an ancient meteorite impact. The beads were found to be microtektites, particles formed by the explosive impact of extraterrestrial debris cooling and recrystallizing before falling back to Earth.
Researchers from UNM led a study in Belize to identify and establish an absolute chronology for the earliest stone tool types indigenous to Central America, revealing strong ties between lowland Neotrop regions at the onset of the Holocene. The findings support previous research on genetic relationships between early colonists in Centr...
Scientists at WashU Medicine have found a set of genes that help cells survive exposure to cytokines, which can trigger a deadly cytokine storm. Targeting these genes may lead to new treatments for sepsis, a life-threatening condition that claims 15% of patients despite prompt medical care.
Researchers at Penn State found that plants can induce 'leaky gut syndrome' in insects by disrupting their protective gut barriers. This can lead to septicemia or an immune response that weakens the insect, providing a new strategy for plant defenses.
Researchers found a common vulnerability among aneuploid cancer cells, which are bloated and overstuffed due to high intracellular protein concentrations. The team identified a molecular pathway involving proteins ART1 and Rsp5 that regulates nutrient uptake in these cells.
A team of researchers suggests adopting a holistic approach to understanding environmental risks, considering social history, power relations, and environmental ethics. This perspective challenges traditional views on complex environmental risks, highlighting the importance of taking a broader approach to navigate new risks.
The Luxembourg Parkinson's Study aims to understand the disease mechanism and develop better treatments through a unique approach. By including 800 patients and a control group, researchers will monitor their progress annually to find new biomarkers and test personalized therapies.
A clinical trial found that men who have sex with men and transgender women with unsuppressed HIV can be engaged in care when connected with HIV treatment services. Nearly half of study participants achieved viral suppression within a year, highlighting the effectiveness of connecting hard-to-reach populations with care.
A recent DNA analysis revealed surprising genetic diversity in a bacterium that targets commercial algae, posing a persistent threat to the biofuels industry. The discovery suggests that treatment for one algae pest might not work for another, complicating large-scale algae cultivation.
A machine learning algorithm identified altered pupil diameter fluctuations in mouse models of autism spectrum disorders, allowing early detection of developmental disorders. The algorithm distinguished Rett syndrome patients from controls based on heart rate fluctuations, suggesting a potential biomarker for early detection.
Researchers suggest a genetic mutation two to three million years ago led to a heightened risk of cardiovascular disease in all humans, while also setting up a further risk for red meat-eating humans. Human-like mice modified to lack the CMAH gene showed a significant increase in atherogenesis compared to control mice.
A new study found non-internal carotid artery occlusion, balloon-guided catheter use, and better collateral grade to be independent predictors of the first pass effect (FPE) in mechanical thrombectomy. FPE was achieved in 40% of patients, resulting in lower mortality rates at 90 days compared to non-FPE patients.
A study by North Carolina State University found that drivers tend to overlook low-salience targets when high-salience hazards are present in traffic images, with low-salience targets being up to 40% less likely to be detected in two-hazard scenes.
Researchers discovered that the forces of flight through the atmosphere lead to the formation of conical meteorites. The 'Goldilocks' cones have angles that match real-world conical meteorite shapes. This finding sheds light on why many meteorites arrive on Earth in cone-shaped forms.
A recent study proposes a quality control framework for umbilical cord blood-sourced allografts, outlining future safety and potency benchmarks. The study identifies a unique liaison among the UCB-sourced allograft, host mesenchymal stem cells, and their secreted exosomes that influences tissue regeneration in vivo.
A study by the Drugs for Neglected Diseases Initiative found that nearly 60% of patients with PKDL passed on parasites to sandflies, which can then infect others. Early treatment of PKDL patients is crucial to prevent transmission of leishmaniasis in South Asia.
A new bariatric surgery protocol has been implemented to reduce postoperative hospital stays and readmissions. The Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol, which includes early ambulation and liquid administration, as well as targeted pain management, has been shown to reduce hospital stays by half and readmissions by 38%.
A new study from SMU finds that public university students in Texas graduate with high debt-to-income ratios, averaging 74% of their first-year wages. Historically underserved students, including black and Latinx students, are predicted to borrow more than their white peers.
Researchers found that people on the Paleo diet had twice the amount of a key blood biomarker linked closely to heart disease. The study suggests that the diet's exclusion of whole grains may be to blame for elevated TMAO levels, which are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.
Children's Hospital Los Angeles researcher Dr. Mark Frey will investigate epithelial growth and regeneration in the intestinal tract, with a focus on proteins ErbB3 and ErbB4, to minimize chemotherapy and radiation toxicity.
A new study found that firearm ownership significantly increases the risk of intimate partner and family homicide, with a 13% increased incidence for each 10% increase in household gun ownership rates. The majority of domestic violence victims are women who are more likely to be killed if there is a gun in the household.
Researchers uncovered the molecular action of cilantro as a potent KCNQ channel activator, reducing seizure activity and opening potassium channels in the brain. This discovery may lead to more effective use of cilantro as an anticonvulsant or development of safer and more effective anticonvulsant drugs.
A 15-year study of 4582 Chinese adults found evidence of faster cognitive decline in those who consistently ate more than 50 grams of chili a day. Memory decline was even more significant if the chili lovers were slim.
Researchers identified four characteristics - fall history, malnutrition, delirium, or decubitus ulcer - as predictors of extended stay in a care facility. These findings empower physicians to counsel patients on possible post-operative impacts and guide hospital quality improvement initiatives to address these factors.
Researchers at Ohio State University found that using first-person mental technique can help people overcome barriers to finding their passions. Visualizing activities from a first-person perspective can tap into memories and accurately identify what experiences are actually enjoyable.
The August edition of SLAS Technology features a review on technologies for the directed evolution of cell therapies, which are moving beyond small molecules and proteins to using whole cells. Researchers can utilize emerging tools like image-activated cell sorters to accelerate high-throughput automation technologies.
Arizona State University will create a field-deployable device that can detect epigenetic signatures created by exposure to threat agents in under 30 minutes. The project, valued at $38.8 million, aims to identify and discriminate epigenetic changes to reveal the exact type and time of exposure.
A new tropical depression formed in the Eastern Pacific Ocean with strongest storms southwest of its center due to vertical wind shear, indicating potential for heavy rainfall. The depression is moving north at 9 mph and expected to become a tropical storm later today or tonight.
A multi-country randomized trial found that half of patients in Cambodia, Thailand, and Vietnam were not cured by first-line malaria treatment. The authors call for abandoning widely used drug combinations and adopting alternative treatments to prevent further development of multidrug-resistant malaria.
Stylianos E. Antonarakis is awarded the William Allan Award for his life's work on understanding the human genome and its relation to complex disorders. He has made significant contributions to the genetic basis of Mendelian and complex genetic disease, chromosome 21 biology and Down syndrome.
A study found that the effective drug Entresto may be unaffordable for senior citizens due to high insurance copayments. The therapy, a combination of sacubitril/valsartan, costs over $5,000 and can result in annual copayments exceeding $1,600.
Researchers found that fruit flies compare their current direction to a goal direction, calculate the difference, and adjust their next step. The animals' brain activity suggests they aim to keep their neural compass needle at an internally-generated goal angle.
A recent study found that American nursing programs provide inadequate instruction on handling catastrophic situations like nuclear events, pandemics, and water contamination crises. The study's results showed most students felt underprepared for emergency response, while professors believed they needed more training to teach care duri...
University of Illinois researchers have developed a method to fabricate beta-gallium oxide, a potentially low-cost alternative to gallium nitride, using metal-assisted chemical etching. The process enables the production of 3D fin structures that can increase power handling and reduce chip size.
A new study published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine found that online symptom self-management works to decrease pain, anxiety, and depression symptoms. The study also showed that combining online self-management with clinician telecare leads to greater symptom improvement for some individuals.
Frankfurt researchers successfully decrypted all stages of the transport mechanism of ABC transporters, a crucial protein complex responsible for resistance to antibiotics and chemotherapy. The team used cryo-electron microscopy to obtain high-resolution images of the transporter in motion.
Researchers found a 0.2% increased risk of neural tube defects among children born to mothers on HIV therapy containing dolutegravir since conception compared to those on other regimens. The study tracked birth outcomes in Botswana and suggested that starting dolutegravir around conception may pose a risk.
Researchers developed an algorithm that analyzes immune cell responses to predict disease onset and progression. The algorithm uses 'first impressions' from early interactions between immune cells and bacteria to identify patterns that can be applied to real-time blood tests.
A research team led by Jonas Barandun has discovered a near-atomic model of the smallest known eukaryotic cytoplasmic ribosome found in microsporidia. The study reveals that microsporidian ribosomes have lost essential genes and expansion segments, allowing them to survive with a highly compacted genome.
A Canadian study reveals a dramatic increase in emergency department visits related to alcohol consumption among young adults. The research found that the number of ED visits for alcohol-related issues skyrocketed by 175% in people aged 25-29, with women being more likely to visit due to binge drinking. The study also highlights dispro...
A study by researchers at the University of Maryland found that white officers were not more likely to shoot minority civilians than black or Hispanic officers. Violent crime rates where the shooting took place were the strongest factor in predicting the race of a person fatally shot by police.
Researchers analyzed 25,000 tourist photographs to estimate population densities of five top predators in northern Botswana. The study found that tourist-contributed data can accomplish similar goals as traditional surveying approaches at a lower cost.
Nonprescription antibiotic use is a significant public health concern, with varying prevalence rates across different socioeconomic groups. The study highlights the need for increased awareness and education to prevent unnecessary antibiotic use and its associated adverse events.
Researchers found that molecular properties of odors do not hold predictive power when new odor pairs or shuffled properties are tested, highlighting the complexity of smell perception. The study suggests that the brain extracts different features from smells and that olfactory experience is highly subjective and context-dependent.
A study by Michigan State University reveals that crime rates, not racial bias, predict fatal police shootings. The findings show that black officers are more likely to shoot black citizens due to demographics, but this does not support the idea of white officer bias.
Research analyzed mortality rates among 10,451 MLB players from 1906 to 2006, finding differences in death rates by position and career length. Longer playing careers were associated with lower cardiovascular-related deaths but increased cancer deaths.
Researchers developed an affordable sensor network to track black carbon, a significant contributor to global warming and adverse health outcomes. The study found sharp variations in black carbon levels over short distances and time spans, with truck activity associated with high concentrations.
Researchers report the discovery of a methane hydrate phase in which water molecules surround and trap methane, remaining stable at pressures up to 150 gigapascals. This phase is similar to those found in the mantles of Uranus and Neptune.
Researchers at Emory University have identified a way to inhibit cancer cell growth by targeting the bottleneck enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. By regulating its active site, scientists hope to develop novel anticancer agents that preferentially target cancer cells.
A nationwide program to unify research on liquid metal components for future tokamaks will be coordinated by Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory's Rajesh Maingi. The three-year project aims to develop a strategy for coating the divertor with flowing liquid lithium to protect it from extreme heat.
Researchers at Ruhr-Universität Bochum identified a new mechanism for deactivating switch proteins, which regulate various body processes. The discovery provides insights into disease mechanisms and could lead to the development of anti-cancer drugs.
Researchers at Tokyo Tech and NTT Advanced Technology Corporation have developed a low noise and high sensitivity MEMS accelerometer with a mass per area increase using multi-layer gold structures. This breakthrough enables high-resolution accelerometers to detect 1 μG level input acceleration, with applications in medical technology, ...
Geneticist Hal Dietz receives ASHG Mentorship Award for his sustained pattern of exemplary mentorship. Dr. Dietz has mentored over 50 successful mentees, many of whom have received prestigious awards and independent funding.
Researchers discovered microdroplets that can act as compartments for chemical reactions and compounds, including genetic material. These findings suggest that membraneless microdroplets may have played a crucial role in the development of living systems.
A Dutch observational study examined melatonin use and its association with sleep patterns in school-age children. The results suggest a significant correlation between melatonin intake and improved sleep quality.
A recent study by Yale researchers has identified middle-aged adults as a vulnerable population to serious falls due to medication use. Polypharmacy and the simultaneous use of benzodiazepines, muscle relaxants, and prescription opioids increase fall risk.
Researchers discovered that giving antibiotics to mice and humans before a liver transplant led to improved liver function after surgery. The treatment inhibited bacteria causing inflammation, reducing organ rejection and accelerating cell removal, resulting in better outcomes for patients.
A recent study published in CANCER found that the incidence of colorectal cancer in adults under 50 years old has increased in the United States since 1970. Younger adults are diagnosed with more advanced disease, and African American and Hispanic populations have a higher proportion of young onset disease.
A new class of lead-free double perovskites has been developed, showcasing broad emission across the entire visible spectrum and achieving a record-high photoluminescence quantum efficiency (PLQE) of 70.3%. The material's stability and potential for efficient warm white-light emission make it promising for LED applications.
Researchers from the University of Otago propose a more nuanced approach to gender divisions in elite sports, considering principles of inclusion and fairness. They suggest alternatives to current guidelines, including options for transwomen's participation, to balance diversity and fair competition.