Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology found that fatty fish provide clear protection against type 2 diabetes, but only if they are free from environmental pollutants. The study used innovative methods to analyze data and identified biomarkers in blood samples to objectively measure fish consumption.
A recent study published in Plants revealed that electrons flowing through the reaction center chlorophyll (P700) in photosystem I undergo a charge recombination, producing chemical energy used in photosynthesis. This finding suggests an alternative pathway to suppress reactive oxygen species production and mitigate plant stress.
The University of Illinois Chicago is collaborating with TB Alliance to develop new clinical-stage drug candidates for treating tuberculosis, a bacterial infection resistant to available antibiotics. The five-year research project aims to produce two new treatments, with UIC receiving up to $9 million in funding.
A new study found that even people with well-controlled epilepsy are at risk of sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). Researchers analyzed cases referred to the North American SUDEP Registry and found that sleep deprivation, skipping medication, and lack of seizure activity were common factors contributing to SUDEP.
A new Michigan State University study found that taking vitamin D supplements did not decrease the incidence of heart attacks, strokes or other major adverse cardiovascular events. The study of over 83,000 patients showed no benefit from vitamin D supplements in reducing cardiovascular risk.
Walter Siqueira, a renowned researcher, has been recognized with the 2019 Salivary Research Award for his groundbreaking work on salivary gland structure, secretion, and function. His contributions have significantly improved our understanding of oral health, and he continues to inspire new research in this field.
New research finds that climate change could lead to more frequent and intense spruce beetle outbreaks in the Rocky Mountains. Warmer temperatures could extend the beetle's flight period and make coordinated attacks harder to predict.
A recent study has analyzed the genomes of nearly 50,000 non-European individuals to maximize genetic discovery and lessen clinical disparities. The study revealed nearly 1,500 associations between genes and disease in minority populations, providing valuable insights into the genetic underpinnings of disease affecting non-whites.
A recent study found that up to 40% of asylum seekers in Finland suffer from major depression and anxiety symptoms, with those from Sub-Saharan Africa experiencing the highest rates. The study also highlighted the need for better support for mental health and healthcare services for asylum seekers, particularly children and families.
A study by FEFU ecologist Vasiliy Tsygankov reveals a significant decrease in pesticide concentrations in Russian Far Eastern mussels, suggesting a shift in the environmental situation. Pesticides accumulate in marine organisms' fat tissue and can lead to biomagnification, causing poisoning and genetic changes.
Researchers have successfully prepared a remote quantum state in the microwave regime, enabling secure communication. This breakthrough has the potential to transform the field of quantum cryptography and ultra-accurate quantum metrology.
Computer vision researchers demonstrate a new technique that enables them to reconstruct the shapes of unseen objects with great detail, including George Washington's profile on a U.S. quarter. The technique uses special light sources and sensors to see around corners or through gauzy filters.
Dr. Julie Marchesan, a rising young researcher, is the recipient of the $10,000 AADR Anne D. Haffajee Fellowship to support women in oral biology research. The fellowship aims to increase female representation in science and academia.
Scott L. Tomar, a University of Florida professor, received the 2019 AADR Jack Hein Public Service Award for his efforts to understand and eliminate disparities in oral health and tobacco epidemiology. He has also made significant contributions to various reports on tobacco and public health, including those by the U.S. Surgeon General.
Researchers found 87 genes in E. coli bacteria that protect against plasma treatment, including a heat shock protein Hsp33. The study suggests that genetic changes can increase plasma resistance in bacteria.
Researchers developed a direct method to etch-embed cerium (Ce) onto copper-based oxide surfaces, resulting in highly interactive surface structures with synergistic effects. The obtained catalysts exhibited attractive catalytic performance even in the presence of SO2.
Researchers at King's College London have identified the earliest signs of Parkinson's disease in the brain, many years before symptoms appear. The study found changes to the serotonin system as a key early warning signal for the disease.
A KAUST-led team has developed a new platform for speeding up and controlling the evolution of proteins inside living plants. This allows plant breeders to rapidly engineer new crop varieties with improved yield and immunity to pathogens.
The study found that climate change could lead to a decline in ectomycorrhizal tree species by up to 10% if CO2 emissions continue unabated until 2070. This decline may have significant implications for forest ecosystems and growth.
Researchers at Swansea University have developed a new material capable of capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) using a common epoxy resin. The material shows high CO2 uptake and could potentially be used to capture CO2 from industrial flue gas streams or from the air.
Researchers have identified different forces behind variations in near-surface temperature with elevation, time, and space on the Third Pole. This new understanding will provide a more accurate basis for modeling and predicting glacier movement, forestry, and agriculture in the region.
Graham Ogden, Chair in Oral Surgery at the University of Dundee, Scotland, is recognized for his sustained peer-reviewed research on oral cancer. The award acknowledges his contributions to understanding the mechanisms governing oral health and disease.
Researchers created a synthetic lubricant that mimics the natural lubricin found in joints, providing a potential cure for osteoarthritis. The synthetic lubricant is being tested in canine clinical trials and holds promise for future human use.
A UK study published in Diabetologia found that obesity during pregnancy is associated with a 3.5 times increased risk of type 2 diabetes in the child, while being overweight increases this risk by 40%. The study suggests strategies to reduce obesity and overweight in women of reproductive age are urgently needed.
Researchers found KLF4 protein stability is critical for stem cells to specialize and become specific cell types. By preventing this breakdown, stem cells can differentiate into organs.
Researchers found a 14-gene signature that predicts two-year transplant-free survival in children with biliary atresia. The antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine reduced liver injury and fibrosis, increasing survival times in mouse models.
Virginia Tech researchers uncovered how soap films and bubbles freeze, revealing a previously unknown phenomenon called Marangoni Flow. The study found that temperature gradients cause the flow of ice crystals within the bubble, hastening its complete freezing.
Scientists have recreated the conditions of the Earth's mantle, where diamonds form, by simulating extreme pressure and heat. They found that the sediments represent a plausible source of potassium for the saline fluid inclusions in diamonds.
Scientists have detected the first polarized radio waves from a gamma ray burst jet, revealing that magnetic fields are more patchy and tangled than previously thought. The discovery was made possible by advanced radio telescopes and allows researchers to test theories about the structure of magnetic fields within jets.
Researchers found that birds are more likely to thrive in environments with similar native habitats and climates, as well as in areas where other alien species are already established. This study analyzed 4,346 global invasion events spanning 708 species to understand the factors enabling bird success in new habitats.
A new study published in the journal Behavior Therapy found that people with hoarding problems associate objects with positive memories, making it difficult to discard them. The researchers suggest that training individuals to respond differently to these memories could enhance cognitive-behavioral therapy for hoarding.
Researchers discovered a novel nanotube material that generates electricity through the photovoltaic effect, outperforming existing materials by an order of magnitude. This breakthrough could lead to more efficient solar panels and advanced optical sensors for applications in astronomy and self-driving cars.
A study by UC Berkeley researchers demonstrates that information and money activate the same dopamine-producing reward system in the brain. The research lays the groundwork for understanding digital addiction and why people overvalue information.
A study published in Annals of Neurology suggests that serotonin may play a role in heightened somatic awareness, a condition characterized by unexplained physical symptoms. Patients with this condition are more likely to develop chronic pain and have lower levels of serotonin in their blood.
Researchers found that coastal, indigenous forests in South Africa store a moderate to large amount of carbon, making them important for conservation. The study also highlights the need to balance forest productivity with local community needs in order to achieve sustainable development.
Researchers tested different soils' responses to multiple biochar types but found no significant impact on plant growth. However, biochar did affect soil greenhouse gas emissions. The study's findings suggest that using biochar as an additive could prevent microbe-generated greenhouse gas emissions.
A new study found increased CT use for suspected urolithiasis patients in emergency departments, with utilization rates increasing by 100.8% between 2006 and 2014. Geographic variation was also noted, with CT scans being more frequent in higher-income ZIP codes and urban hospitals.
Shunsuke Minakuchi, a Tokyo Medical & Dental University Professor, received the 2019 IADR Award for his research on geriatric oral health. He has published over 115 papers and was previously honored with the Neal Garrett Clinical Research Prize.
A new study by Mayo Clinic researchers found that generic and brand-name levothyroxine therapy are similar in terms of cardiovascular event rates, with lower pharmacy costs for the generic drug. The analysis used deidentified claims data from a large private health plan and included over 87,000 patients.
Researchers from Hokkaido University used a taxonomic approach to re-identify the huge birds etched into Peru's desert plains as hermits or pelicans. The study, published in Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports, reveals that the Nasca people drew exotic birds, not local species, which could be a clue to their significance.
Research by social scientists reveals the US military is one of the largest climate polluters in history, consuming vast amounts of liquid fuels and emitting significant CO2e emissions. The study calculates part of the US military's impact on climate change through its global logistical supply chains.
A new modeling study published in Science Advances predicts that melting at the present rate could contribute 19-63 inches of global sea level rise, exceeding previous estimates of up to 35 inches. The study's updated model accurately represents outlet glacier flow and shows that limiting emissions could limit ice loss to 8-25 percent.
Researchers found 27 new genomic variants linked to conditions like blood pressure, type II diabetes, and chronic kidney disease in diverse populations. The study aimed to understand how genomic variants influence disease risk in different ethnic groups.
Researchers at Carnegie Mellon University have successfully developed a noninvasive brain-computer interface (BCI) that enables continuous control of a robotic arm using only thoughts. This breakthrough technology has the potential to revolutionize the lives of paralyzed patients and those with movement disorders.
The IADR/AADR Journal of Dental Research has announced the winner of its Cover of the Year Award, 2018 for a study on Schwann cell phenotypes in aging human dental pulp. The award recognizes an aesthetically pleasing and scientifically novel image that enhances the impact of the article.
A new study reveals a frog protein that can detect and neutralize a poisonous compound produced by red tides and other harmful algal blooms. The protein, saxiphilin, acts as a 'toxin sponge' that sops up and sequesters the deadly microbial poison.
A team of researchers found an association between hip joint hypermobility and behavioral alterations in dogs, which may suggest a universal trait among mammals. The study suggests that joint hypermobility could be linked to anxiety disorders in animals, mirroring findings in humans.
Researchers analyzed paper mulberry genetic samples to study prehistoric human movements in Oceania. The analysis revealed a clear genetic structure and dispersion patterns that match archaeological and linguistic data, providing insights into past human interactions and population dispersal.
Researchers develop new assessment tools using implicit signs like eye movement, pupillary dilation, and brain activity to measure vocabulary knowledge in individuals with severe autism spectrum disorder. These tools show potential to be more accurate than traditional behavioral assessments.
A team of engineers is investigating the risk of coastal flooding in three Sri Lankan communities due to cyclones, incorporating the impact of rainfall and climate change. The project aims to develop compound flood hazard maps that will help local communities understand the threat and take action to minimize risks.
The IADR/AADR announced winners of the 2019 William J. Gies Awards for outstanding contributions to dental research, recognizing advances in biological, biomaterials and bioengineering, and clinical research categories. The awards honor publications in the Journal of Dental Research with significant impacts on oral health worldwide.
Researchers from OU physics group discover a novel Mott state in twisted graphene bilayers at the magic angle, characterized by ferromagnetic spin alignment. This phenomenon is unlike conventional Mott insulators and has potential implications for superconductivity.
Asbjørn Jokstad, a Professor at Arctic University of Norway, is recognized for his contributions to prosthodontic and implant research. He received the 2019 Research in Prosthodontics and Implants Award from the International Association for Dental Research for his outstanding research accomplishments.
An observational study found that patients whose surgeons were more often reported for unprofessional behavior experienced a greater risk of postoperative complications. The analysis included data from over 13,000 patients and suggested a potential link between surgeon behavior and patient outcomes.
Researchers have developed an efficient and low-cost method to convert waste denim into reusable cotton fibers, reducing textile waste and conserving resources. The new process uses a 1:4 mixture of ionic liquid and DMSO to dissolve cellulose building blocks, resulting in white or colored viscose-type fibers.
Researchers built a phylogenetic tree based on DNA from newly collected anemone specimens to fill gaps in the origin of these species. They found that as a group, anemones independently evolved the ability to host clownfish three times throughout history, with two groups originating in the Tethys Sea.
A new system uses a single labeled scan and unlabeled scans to automatically generate a large dataset of distinct training examples. The system's approach learns anatomical, brightness, and contrast variations from unlabeled scans to synthesize realistic and accurately labeled scans.
Scientists at Linköping University have created artificial muscles that harness energy from glucose and oxygen, mimicking biological muscle movement. The innovation uses enzymes to convert chemical energy into electrical energy, enabling the creation of implantable and autonomous microrobots.
A team of researchers from Henan University has investigated the flame retardant performance of epoxy resin using a boron nitride nanosheet decorated with cobalt ferrite nanoparticle. The as-prepared CFN-BNNS exhibits superior paramagnetic properties, contributing to better flame retardant performance compared to random alignment.
Researchers have discovered that platinum crystals grow directly on the floor of magma chambers, contradicting a long-held theory. This finding has significant implications for understanding the formation of other precious metal deposits.