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Science News Archive September 2022 - Page 19


Page 19 of 38

New software platform advances understanding of the surface finish of manufactured components

Scientists developed a software platform to analyze surfaces, creating digital twins that predict material properties like adhesion and durability. The contact.engineering platform standardizes procedure and facilitates open science, allowing users to share measurements and collaborate.

SourceUniversity of Pittsburgh·JournalSurface Topography Metrology and Properties·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 19, 2022

Collaborative network led by Cincinnati Children’s receives $8 million grant to fund rheumatic heart fever research

A collaborative network led by Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center has received an $8 million grant to identify and validate biomarkers for acute rheumatic fever. This will enable the development of a sensitive and specific diagnostic test, crucial for diagnosing rheumatic heart disease, which is caused by a slow but progress...

SourceCincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center·DateSep 19, 2022
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

New clues into how the circadian clock helps the brain recover after injury

A study from Children's National Hospital reveals that the circadian clock helps regulate the renewal of NG2-glia cells in the brain after injury. The findings provide new insights into how the body's internal clock promotes healing after traumatic brain injuries, which are currently managed with supportive care and rehabilitation.

SourceChildren's National Hospital·JournaleNeuro·DateSep 19, 2022

HPV vaccinations before, during pandemic

Researchers found that HPV vaccination rates rose significantly during the pandemic, particularly among younger children and adolescents. The study suggests that the increased vaccination rates may be attributed to changes in healthcare access and scheduling.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateSep 19, 2022

Online yoga programs may improve knee function in the short term

A randomized trial found that a 12-week online yoga program improved knee function in participants, but did not significantly reduce knee pain during walking. The study suggests that unsupervised online yoga programs can be feasible and improve physical function, but more research is needed to sustain the effectiveness.

SourceAmerican College of Physicians·JournalAnnals of Internal Medicine·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 19, 2022
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Earth Summit mission 2022: Scientific Expedition and Research on Mt. Qomolangma helps reveal synergy of westerlies and the monsoon as well as their climatic and environmental effects

Researchers conducted the Earth Summit Mission 2022 to investigate the interaction mechanisms between westerlies and monsoonal flow near Mt. Qomolangma. They discovered strong glacial wind and vertical momentum exchange between large-scale westerlies and boundary layer in the region.

SourceInstitute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences·JournalAdvances in Atmospheric Sciences·DateSep 19, 2022

Undergrad publishes theory on immune dysfunction in space

A Cornell undergraduate has found a potential solution to immune dysfunction in space, suggesting that a transcription factor called MRTF could be the missing link. The study identified changes in the cytoskeleton of macrophages as a key factor in immune system dysfunction.

SourceCornell University·JournalFrontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·DateSep 19, 2022
Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope

Celestron NexStar 8SE Computerized Telescope combines portable Schmidt-Cassegrain optics with GoTo pointing for outreach nights and field campaigns.

SwRI scientist helps identify new evidence for habitability in Enceladus’s ocean

Scientists have discovered new evidence of phosphorus availability in Enceladus's ocean, making it a prime target in the search for extraterrestrial life. The discovery suggests that Enceladus's subsurface ocean is likely habitable due to its high levels of dissolved phosphorus.

SourceSouthwest Research Institute·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 19, 2022

CCNY researchers create new magnetic quasiparticle

CCNY researchers have successfully created a new type of magnetic quasiparticle by combining light with two-dimensional magnets. This achievement could lead to the development of materials that interact strongly with light, enabling applications in lasers and digital data storage.

SourceCity College of New York·JournalNature Nanotechnology·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 19, 2022

Genomic analysis reveals true origin of South America’s canids

A recent genomic analysis reveals that all South American canid species descended from a single ancestral population that arrived on the continent between 3.5 million and 4 million years ago. The study found that genetic mutations leading to extreme variations in height, size, and diet were introduced artificially through selective bre...

SourceUniversity of California - Los Angeles·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 19, 2022
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

Cilia in 3D: Miniature train station discovered

The study reveals a specialized transport hub at the base of cilia, where trains assemble and load cargo for transport. This discovery provides new insights into molecular basis for various diseases, including cystic kidneys and blindness.

SourceUniversity of Basel·JournalScience·DateSep 19, 2022

Machine learning generates 3D model from 2D pictures

Researchers developed a machine learning algorithm that can generate a continuous 3D model of cells from a partial set of 2D images. The neural field network learns a mapping from spatial coordinates to physical quantities, allowing for smooth zooming and no pixelation.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalNature Machine Intelligence·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 19, 2022

Prions: New possible therapeutic target discovered

A new study reveals the molecular mechanism that causes prion proteins to take on their pathological form, paving the way for possible therapeutic options. The discovery highlights the structure of the human prion protein and its intermediate forms, enabling the design of new organic molecules to block disease progression.

SourceScuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati·JournalChemical Science·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 19, 2022

New recommendations address the use of integrative therapies for pain management in cancer populations

The new SIO-ASCO guideline recommends the use of acupuncture, massage therapy, and other integrative therapies for managing breast cancer-related joint pain, general cancer pain, and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy. The guidelines also acknowledge areas that need further research to support their recommendations.

SourceThe Reis Group·JournalJournal of Clinical Oncology·DateSep 19, 2022
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Greener crypto mining possible with industry incentives

A new study by Cornell University researchers suggests that green policy incentives for carbon capture and renewable energy can help reduce the environmental impact of cryptocurrency mining. States with lower electricity prices and a higher share of renewable energy in their grids are best suited for this approach.

SourceCornell University·JournalEnergy & Environmental Science·DateSep 19, 2022

A better understanding of crop yields under climate change

Researchers found that models using soil moisture explain 30-120% more year-to-year variation in yield than those relying on rainfall, revealing a critical link between temperature and water supply for crops. Extreme heat is less damaging to crop yields than previously estimated, while drought and flooding sensitivity increases.

SourceHarvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences·JournalNature Food·DateSep 19, 2022

Heart medication shows potential as treatment for alcohol use disorder

A new study suggests that spironolactone, a medication for heart problems and high blood pressure, may also be effective in reducing alcohol drinking. The research found that increasing doses of spironolactone decreased alcohol consumption in mice and rats, as well as in humans with excessive alcohol drinking.

SourceNIH/National Institute on Drug Abuse·JournalMolecular Psychiatry·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 19, 2022
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

How stressed tumor cells escape cell death: new mechanism discovered

Researchers at German Cancer Research Center have found that persulfides, small molecules produced by cells, efficiently suppress membrane damage and ferroptosis. Persulfides act as radical scavengers, interrupting the destructive chain reaction threatening cell integrity.

SourceGerman Cancer Research Center (Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, DKFZ)·JournalNature Chemical Biology·DateSep 19, 2022
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

How far can a proton make its presence felt when embedded in water?

Researchers have gained insight into the electronic structure of hydrated proton complexes, revealing that three inner water molecules are drastically modified by the proton. The first hydration shell senses the electric field of the proton through Coulomb interactions.

SourceMax Born Institute for Nonlinear Optics and Short Pulse Spectroscopy (MBI)·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 19, 2022

Research shows constituents ask female legislators to do more

A new study found that female legislators receive 14% more issue requests from constituents and are 10% more likely to be contacted than their male counterparts. The increase in workload is seen on various issues, including education, health, and fiscal matters.

SourceWashington University in St. Louis·JournalThe Journal of Politics·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 19, 2022

Social touch and its newly discovered neural pathway

Researchers at Eötvös Loránd University identified a novel neural pathway in the brain that processes touch information, which plays a crucial role in social behavior. The thalamo-hypothalamic neural pathway uses PTH2 as a neurotransmitter and facilitates friendly social interactions between rats.

SourceEötvös Loránd University·JournalCurrent Biology·DateSep 19, 2022

Endangered mouse study shares no-contact sampling method

A new noninvasive genetic survey technique allows researchers to identify salt marsh harvest mice and other small mammals without capturing them. The technique uses bait stations and genetics to collect fecal pellets from mice that come and go on their own.

SourceUniversity of California - Davis·JournalJournal of Mammalogy·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 19, 2022
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Development defect in macrophages causes lung disease

A deficiency in gene regulation disrupts the clearance of surfactant lipids in alveolar macrophages, leading to their bloating and foaming. This defect is associated with conditions like pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, obesity, and atherosclerosis.

SourceUniversity of Turku·JournalScience Immunology·DateSep 19, 2022

Researchers identify molecular mechanisms leading to zika-associated microcephaly

The study proposes a model to understand the complications caused by zika virus infection during pregnancy. The researchers found that zika virus alters protein expression in neural cells, affecting energy production and RNA metabolism, which can lead to defective myelination and microcephaly.

SourceFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo·JournalMolecular Neurobiology·DateSep 19, 2022

Fit for work at over 50

A study by researchers from University of Bonn found that a multi-component training programme can improve mental speed, concentration, perception of competence, self-efficacy, and stress management in employees aged 50-plus. The program showed statistically significant improvements after completion and six months.

SourceUniversity of Bonn·JournalEuropean Journal of Ageing·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 19, 2022

Mimicking the Earth’s crust: Examining solidification of Mg–C–O–H systems by cold sintering

Researchers from Nagoya Institute of Technology investigated the solidification mechanism of magnesium carbonate and hydroxide systems using cold sintering. The study found that water played a crucial role in promoting dissolution-precipitation reactions, enabling densification at lower temperatures.

SourceNagoya Institute of Technology·JournalCeramics International·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 19, 2022
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

QUT study finds most food delivery riders don’t cut corners when it comes to safety

A QUT study observed and compared 3401 bicycle food delivery riders and private cyclists in Brisbane, finding that they generally don't take more risks on the roads. The study found that helmets were worn by 97.4% of riders, with delivery riders wearing them at a higher rate than private cyclists.

SourceQueensland University of Technology·JournalAccident Analysis & Prevention·TypeObservational study·DateSep 18, 2022

Researchers reveal reactive gallium-hydride species on gallium oxide surface

A research team from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics has revealed the existence of reactive gallium-hydride species on the surface of gallium oxide using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. The discovery provides comprehensive information on the structural configuration and formation mechanism of these special M-H species.

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateSep 18, 2022
Creality K1 Max 3D Printer

Creality K1 Max 3D Printer rapidly prototypes brackets, adapters, and fixtures for instruments and classroom demonstrations at large build volume.

Lanthanide doping could help with new imaging techniques

Researchers developed lanthanide-doped fluoride nanoparticles that exhibit superior photostability, low toxicity and convenient device processability. These particles also show promising applications in biomedicine and optical information encoding, enabling broadband detection in theory.

SourceLight Publishing Center, Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics And Physics, CAS·JournaleLight·DateSep 18, 2022

Researchers propose new coupling strategy for organic wastewater treatment

Researchers propose a new coupling strategy combining photocatalytic water oxidation and catalytic wet peroxide oxidation to efficiently remove organic pollutants from wastewater. The proposed strategy achieves higher total organic carbon removal rates compared to traditional methods.

SourceDalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy Sciences·JournalApplied Catalysis B Environment and Energy·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateSep 18, 2022
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

First-in-human study finds mechanical circulatory support and renal perfusion success with the ModulHeart device

A first-in-human study using the ModulHeart device showed significant improvements in cardiac output, left ventricular end diastolic pressure, and urine output in patients with heart failure. The study demonstrated the feasibility and safety of cardiorenal support among patients undergoing high-risk PCI.

SourceSociety for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions·JournalJournal of the Society for Cardiovascular Angiography & Interventions·DateSep 17, 2022

STS/ACC TVT registry analysis assesses use of transcatheter edge-to-edge repair in severe mitral regurgitation and cardiogenic shock

A study using STS/ACC TVT Registry data found that most patients with severe mitral regurgitation (MR) and cardiogenic shock who underwent TEER achieved successful MR reduction, with associated lower mortality and heart failure hospitalizations at one year. Device success was linked to improved survival rates in a high-risk population.

SourceCardiovascular Research Foundation·JournalJournal of the American College of Cardiology·DateSep 17, 2022
GoPro HERO13 Black

GoPro HERO13 Black records stabilized 5.3K video for instrument deployments, field notes, and outreach, even in harsh weather and underwater conditions.

Novel carrier doping in p-type semiconductors enhances photovoltaic device performance by increasing hole concentration

Researchers have developed a novel carrier doping method for p-type semiconductors, which improves photovoltaic device performance by increasing hole concentration. The new method uses alkali ion impurities to enhance conductivity in copper(I)-based semiconductors.

SourceTokyo Institute of Technology·JournalJournal of the American Chemical Society·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 17, 2022

New wearable device measures the changing size of tumors below the skin

A new wearable device called FAST can measure tumor size changes to the hundredth of a millimeter, providing a fast, accurate, and inexpensive way to test cancer drugs. This technology represents a significant advance in cancer treatment, offering continuous monitoring, flexibility, and non-invasiveness.

SourceGeorgia Institute of Technology·JournalScience Advances·DateSep 16, 2022
Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only)

Sony Alpha a7 IV (Body Only) delivers reliable low-light performance and rugged build for astrophotography, lab documentation, and field expeditions.

Cognitive health may benefit from balanced meal timing

A recent study published in Life Metabolism found that maintaining balanced energy intake throughout the day may improve cognitive function. The study analyzed data from over 3,300 participants and discovered that those with unbalanced eating patterns, such as skipping breakfast, were at higher risk of cognitive decline.

SourceHigher Education Press·JournalLife Metabolism·TypeSurvey·DateSep 16, 2022

Towards a better understanding of depression

Researchers at Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz are studying the effects of natural substances used in traditional Asian medicine on depressive states in Drosophila flies. They found that certain substances can prevent the development of a depression-like state and even boost resilience to chronic stress.

SourceJohannes Gutenberg Universitaet Mainz·JournalCurrent Biology·DateSep 16, 2022

Diet could play a role in cognitive function across diverse races and ethnicities

Researchers found that blood metabolites related to sugars were linked to older adults' global cognitive health, while a Mediterranean diet was associated with higher levels of beta-cryptoxanthin. This study expands on previous work and highlights the importance of diet in safeguarding cognitive function across different populations.

SourceBrigham and Women's Hospital·JournalAlzheimer s & Dementia·DateSep 16, 2022
AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope

AmScope B120C-5M Compound Microscope supports teaching labs and QA checks with LED illumination, mechanical stage, and included 5MP camera.

Highlights from the journal CHEST®, September 2022

The September issue of CHEST journal features 40 articles on clinically relevant topics, including disparities in rural populations with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. The journal also offers complementary web and multimedia activities to expand its reach.

SourceAmerican College of Chest Physicians·JournalCHEST Journal·DateSep 16, 2022

Seismic device made for extraterrestrial research can help tackle climate change on earth

Researchers developed an ultra-compact seismic source to continuously monitor carbon reservoirs, detecting CO2 leaks and changes that require attention. The Portable Active Seismic Source (PASS) technology can be deployed affordably and has potential applications in monitoring for disasters and imaging subsurface structures.

SourceKyushu University, I2CNER·JournalSeismological Research Letters·DateSep 16, 2022