University of Michigan researchers discovered that less evolved dwarf galaxies have bigger regions of star factories with higher rates of star formation. A 10-million-year delay in blowing out gas allows these galaxies to hang on to their gas and dust, enabling more stars to coalesce and evolve.
A new study published in Nutrients demonstrates that incorporating pulses into the American diet can significantly improve its nutritional profile. By replacing small amounts of protein sources with pulses, individuals can increase their fiber intake by more than 10% and decrease their cholesterol levels.
Researchers at Tufts University have created hybrid transistors using silk proteins that can detect changes in humidity, oxygenation levels, and glucose. The transistors have the potential to enable integrated circuits that train themselves and respond to environmental signals.
The University of Texas at Arlington's Nuclear Research Experiences for Minority Students (NREMST) program provides paid traineeships in particle and nuclear physics to undergraduate students. The program, now receiving a $341,571 grant, has already hosted eight trainees who contributed to heavy ion beam production, detector developmen...
Researchers found that skunks with varied fur colors, such as all-black or white individuals, were more common in areas with low mammalian predator density. This suggests that relaxed selection pressures led to the evolution of signal conformity, resulting in similar warning signals across species.
A new study examines how a carnivorous fungus senses, traps, and consumes a worm. The research reveals key biological processes involved in the predation process, including increased DNA replication and secretion of proteins that aid in trap development.
A team of researchers has developed a fast method to track surface location and adjust optical focus simultaneously without mechanical movement. The dynamic z-scanning technique reduces defocused laser pulses and increases processing speed when processing non-flat or changing samples.
A new study by the University of Kent's School of Anthropology and Conservation has found that members of the 'manosphere' community are misusing academic research to justify anti-feminist and sexist beliefs. The research highlights a double standard, where women's behavior is scrutinized while men's behavior is overlooked.
A new study from Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine found that hospital discharge patterns changed after long-term acute care hospital closures, with patients receiving prolonged mechanical ventilation discharged to skilled nursing facilities more often. Overall spending on mechanically ventilated patients decre...
The Acer i-Seed is an eco-friendly artificial seed that uses drones to monitor soil temperature. Made from biocompatible and compostable materials, it replicates the aerodynamics of natural Acer seeds and becomes luminescent in response to temperature changes.
A new fossil assemblage in Brazil has added to the complexity of classifying silesaurid phylogeny, a family of dinosauriforms that lived during the Triassic period. The study suggests that these animals were part of the evolutionary history of dinosaurs, but their classification remains uncertain due to ambiguous anatomy.
Scientists have detected solar-wind hydrogen in lunar samples, indicating that water on the Moon's surface may provide a vital resource for future lunar bases and longer-range space exploration. Hydrogen has the potential to be used directly on the lunar surface when there are more regular or permanent installations.
Researchers discovered a mixture of ring shapes unique to glass and those resembling crystals, with specific areas showing degree of order or regularity despite apparent disorder. The findings contribute to understanding phase-transitions and provide mathematical descriptions for controlling material structures and properties.
A team of researchers from Tsinghua University Press developed two organic frameworks with the same constituents but arranged differently to investigate electrode material composition. The framework with appropriate density resulted in better performance, outperforming lithium-ion batteries.
A novel machine learning model, FIREANN, accurately simulates system-field interactions for complex chemical, biological, and material systems. The model correlates response properties like dipole moment and polarizability with potential energy changes under external fields.
The gender gap among top-cited scientists is narrowing, with women now representing 32% of top-cited authors in certain fields, according to a study analyzing 5.8 million international scientific authors. However, significant disparities remain, and efforts to address promotion pathways for gifted female researchers are still needed.
Researchers have developed a novel photocatalyst system that enables the production of syngas from methane steam reforming under atmospheric pressure. The system harnesses sunlight to split methane and water into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, forming syngas.
Researchers developed an AI model to optimize the macronutrient content of pooled human donor milk recipes, decreasing production time by 60%. The model improved protein and fat levels in milk bank products without compromising bacterial safety, benefiting preterm and sick babies.
A new study found that sediment plumes from deep-sea mining can cause significant stress in midwater jellyfish, leading to excess mucus production and energetic costly responses. The researchers also discovered that the stress response is more severe than expected even for a four-degree rise in sea temperature.
The study found that median premiums decreased across the board, especially for rural communities. Rural counties gained an average of three plans overall after the switch, while urban counties lost almost nine plans.
A collaborative effort between scientists from the Natural History Museum of Utah and cavers led to the discovery of fossils spanning over 3,000 years in Boomerang Cave. The findings revealed a faithful reflection of mammal diversity in the area, including species unknown to the region.
Testing wastewater for COVID-19 provides a more accurate forecast of new hospital admissions than clinical data. The researchers found that wastewater surveillance improved prediction models by 11 and 15 percent over models using case data and regional estimates, respectively.
Researchers found that supplementing tryptophan in mice diet increased inflammation-suppressing T-reg cells and reduced colitis symptoms. The findings suggest a potential non-invasive method for improving long-term colitis management.
A new study developed a theoretical framework to re-evaluate the impact of record summer temperatures on European mortality. Using daily temperature and mortality records from 147 regions, researchers found that weekly, 2-weekly, and monthly models underestimated heat-related mortality, with errors increasing with aggregation period.
A team of researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China has designed a rechargeable hydrogen-chlorine battery that operates in a wide temperature range, from -70°C to 40°C. The battery boasts high Coulombic efficiency and stability, with improved reversibility thanks to a hierarchically porous carbon cathode.
A new study found that male-named awards are highly skewed towards male winners, with men winning 88% of these prizes. In contrast, female-named awards see 47% of prizes going to women and 53% to men. The researchers propose a list of actions to address this issue.
Researchers use molecular dating approach to estimate moment of LUCA's split into bacteria and archaea, as well as eukaryotes' emergence. The study reveals archaea are younger than previously thought, with some potentially living hidden on Earth.
Forensic scientists have discovered that the protrusions from bloodstains, known as 'tails', contain valuable information about a blood drop's origin. By analyzing these tails, analysts can reconstruct the impact angle and speed of the drop, helping to determine whether a victim was standing or sitting at the time of injury.
Researchers used fMRI to study brain activity in soccer fans, finding that brain activity changes when a fan's team succeeds or fails. The study suggests that zealousness found among some sports fans can serve as an example of intense emotional investment and impaired rationality.
A new study by the University of Plymouth reveals that chlorine disinfectants used in hospitals are no more effective at killing off hospital superbugs than water. The research highlights the need for alternative strategies to tackle Clostridioides difficile, which causes diarrhoea, colitis and other bowel complications globally.
Researchers found that bilingual individuals were more efficient at ignoring irrelevant information compared to monolinguals. This ability is thought to arise from the constant language switching required in bilinguals. The study's findings suggest that bilingualism may have cognitive benefits, particularly in attentional control.
A simulation study suggests that a soft drink tax in Germany would reduce sugar consumption and illness rates, including type 2 diabetes, resulting in significant financial savings. The estimated economic benefits of introducing such a tax range from 9.5 billion to 16 billion euros over the next two decades.
KERI's team created a stretchable thermoelectric generator using a partially air-filled gasket with metamaterial, achieving high efficiency and elasticity. The device can produce power density more than 20 times higher than existing flexible thermoelectric generators, making it suitable for IoT and AI-based wearable devices.
A new study using adult Finnish twins has identified protective and detrimental factors that precede weight gain, providing valuable insights into how people can maintain a healthy weight. The researchers found that individuals who deviated from their genetically-informed BMI had a higher risk of obesity.
Researchers found that learning occurs through continuous formation of new connections between specific engram cells in different regions of the brain. This process allows us to form and store memories, with changes in synaptic wiring connectivity between these cells being a key mechanism for memory storage.
Researchers analyzed genes and brain tissue of patients with Alzheimer's disease to find sex-specific differences in immune function, cellular metabolism, and communication between brain cells. The study suggests that these differences contribute to women's increased risk for the disease and its severity.
Researchers from UC Davis analyzed 23 million Venmo transactions to find at least 83,068 unique users using drug-related emojis or slang. The study highlights the need for vigilance and adaptive regulatory measures to prevent digital footprints from being misused.
Researchers from ICIQ describe a circular process to recycle biobased polycarbonates, which can contribute to a more sustainable circular economy. The study uses a multi-task catalyst to promote depolymerization and repolymerization of the polymer.
Researchers at Universitat Oberta de Catalunya used machine learning to simulate patient conditions based on questionnaire answers, predicting stress test performance and identifying symptoms. This approach provides a warning for early diagnosis and referral to specialized units.
Photovoltaic fields can mitigate climate change faster than afforestation by 50 times in semiarid land, while still offering benefits in humid lands. Forests provide additional ecosystem and social services beyond climate regulation.
Researchers at Maynooth University have created a new molecule that can effectively kill resistant bacteria without harming human cells. The breakthrough uses supramolecular chemistry principles and has the potential to tackle the growing issue of antimicrobial resistance, which affects millions worldwide.
UTEP researchers develop a therapy based on caffeic-acid derived from spent coffee grounds to protect brain cells from damage. The treatment has potential to prevent neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's by removing free radicals and inhibiting amyloid protein aggregation.
Researchers found that babies as young as four months old display enhanced somatosensory brain activity when a touch is preceded by an object moving towards them. This suggests that even in the first few months of life, babies can sense their surroundings and understand how their bodies interact with space.
Oregon State University scientists used forest modeling to determine that a site's productivity is the main factor in maximizing above-ground carbon sequestration. The study found that 60-year rotations with low-intensity thinning are optimal for highly productive stands, while longer rotations of 80-120 years are better for less produ...
A new study reveals that COVID-19 can leave a lasting impact on older adults living in nursing homes, causing them to need more help with daily activities and experience a decline in brain function. The study found that those who tested positive for COVID had effects that lasted up to nine months.
Researchers at São Paulo State University developed a novel biomaterial that speeds up osteoblast differentiation, mimicking a low-oxygen environment. The cobalt-doped calcium phosphate material has the potential to be used in future bone regeneration procedures, reducing surgery risks and hospital stays.
Scientists have identified a key genetic factor, abfA cluster, responsible for improving gut motility and alleviating constipation. The study found that Bifidobacteria longum strains with the abfA cluster can enhance arabinan utilization, leading to improved gastrointestinal transit time.
A new study from Cornell University reveals that crowdsourced fact-checking platforms like Cofacts can effectively combat misinformation online. The research found that Cofacts users responded faster than journalists to queries, with their responses often being just as accurate, and clearer in presentation.
A phase 2 trial found that durvalumab is safe and may benefit overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients with borderline performance status. The study also showed stable quality of life and a lower incidence of severe treatment-related adverse events compared to platinum doublet chemotherapy.
The E2E-BPF microscope overcomes traditional microscopes' limitations by extending depth-of-field using a learning-based binary phase filter and image deconvolution. This enables high-resolution imaging over larger spatial scales, reducing the need for refocusing.
A novel AI system analyzing brain MRI scans can diagnose autism in children between 24 and 48 months with a 98.5% accuracy rate. This technology enables early detection of autism, potentially leading to improved independence, IQs, and therapeutic outcomes.
A leading paediatrician calls for ban on strip searching minors in absence of an adult, citing a
Research by Clotilde Napp found that gender biases in language are stronger in more economically developed and individualistic countries. The study used natural language processing to analyze text corpora from over 70 countries, revealing a phenomenon known as the gender equality paradox.
A new study found that vosoritide treatment increases height, facial volume, and foramen magnum size in young children with achondroplasia, reducing sudden infant death syndrome, sleep apnea, and surgery needs. Vosoritide may improve quality of life and potentially save lives by addressing the root cause of the condition.
Researchers have identified a new therapeutic target for pulmonary hypertension treatment by discovering an epigenetic pathway mediated via the protein SPHK2 that can reduce and potentially reverse vascular remodeling. This discovery offers new hope for treating pulmonary hypertension, which is a complex and often fatal condition.
A Phase II clinical trial has shown a clear clinical benefit of combining Dabrafenib and Trametinib in treating BRAF mutated low-grade paediatric gliomas. The combination therapy improved overall response rate by over four-fold and increased median progression-free survival.
A study using optical tweezers reveals new insights into the roles of specific DNA motor proteins in packaging viral genomes. Researchers found that a conserved TerS subunit plays a key role in controlling viral genome packaging, and suggests a universal mechanism for terminase motor function.
Researchers developed a new method that accumulates drugs in cancer lesions while rapidly clearing them from healthy tissues. The method uses radiopharmaceuticals with a new ligand that promotes rapid excretion, reducing toxicity and improving treatment outcomes.
The Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory has developed the "Bicycle Principles" to tackle the shortcomings of short STEM training programs. The principles aim to make training effective, inclusive, and scalable, with a focus on setting clear objectives and making training adaptable for different institutions.
Scientists at the University of Kansas have identified a previously unknown gene cluster responsible for producing sartorypyrones, a chemical made by the fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. This discovery could lead to new therapies for fungal infections and eco-friendly industrial uses.