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Science News Archive September 2023 - Page 34


Page 34 of 37

ARS scientists and research partners work on developing field diagnostic kit for Lebbeck mealybug with a safer alternative

Researchers found a 5% sodium hydroxide solution successfully turns live Lebbeck mealybug specimens green, identical to the 10% potassium hydroxide solution. The new alternative is less corrosive, more water soluble and less expensive.

SourceUS Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service·JournalJournal of Applied Entomology·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 6, 2023

Study reports discovery of new cell type in thymus

Researchers at UC Riverside have discovered a new cell type in the thymus that is similar to M cells found in the gut and airways. The newly discovered cells are like gatekeepers, acting as antigen-delivery cells for the immune system in organs such as the intestine and lung.

SourceUniversity of California - Riverside·JournalNature·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 6, 2023
Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C)

Anker Laptop Power Bank 25,000mAh (Triple 100W USB-C) keeps Macs, tablets, and meters powered during extended observing runs and remote surveys.

New research sheds light on origins of social behaviors

Fruit fly research suggests visual system is involved in regulating social behaviors, which could have implications for understanding human psychiatric conditions such as autism and schizophrenia. Altering GABA signaling in the brain affects social inhibitions, leading to increased courtship behavior in males.

SourceCornell University·JournalCurrent Biology·DateSep 5, 2023

Mason researchers studying zoonotic transmission pathways

Researchers are investigating unknown transmission pathways between humans and wildlife, particularly with white-tailed deer, to predict the risk of spillover. The project aims to integrate these pathways into a modeling framework to mitigate zoonotic disease spread.

SourceGeorge Mason University·DateSep 5, 2023

Synchronizing your internal clocks may help mitigate jet lag, effects of aging

A new study suggests that synchronizing internal clocks can help alleviate jet lag and age-related problems. Researchers found that eating a larger meal in the morning can help overcome jet lag, while constant nighttime eating can lead to misalignment between internal clocks.

SourceAmerican Institute of Physics·JournalChaos An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science·DateSep 5, 2023
Apple iPhone 17 Pro

Apple iPhone 17 Pro delivers top performance and advanced cameras for field documentation, data collection, and secure research communications.

Study: Health equity an important aspect of improving quality of care provided to children in emergency departments

A new study by Indiana University School of Medicine found that increasing pediatric readiness in emergency departments can reduce racial disparities in children and adolescents with acute medical emergencies. The higher the level of readiness, the lower the disparity between racial and ethnic groups.

SourceIndiana University School of Medicine·JournalJAMA Network Open·DateSep 5, 2023

Faster postal service linked to better voter turnout

A Washington State University study found that faster USPS efficiency increases the likelihood of voting by 3.42% in restrictive states. Mail voting laws with universal or no-excuse options had a higher probability of voter turnout, up to 70%.

SourceWashington State University·JournalElection Law Journal Rules Politics and Policy·DateSep 5, 2023
Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition

Sky & Telescope Pocket Sky Atlas, 2nd Edition is a durable star atlas for planning sessions, identifying targets, and teaching celestial navigation.

Resistant starch supplement reduces liver triglycerides in people with fatty liver disease

A 4-month randomized controlled trial found that daily intake of resistant starch can lower liver triglycerides and liver enzymes associated with liver injury and inflammation. The treatment group had a different microbiota composition and functionality compared to the control group, leading to improved liver conditions.

SourceCell Press·JournalCell Metabolism·TypeRandomized controlled/clinical trial·DateSep 5, 2023

Deciphering the "highway code" of our cells

A UNIGE team has identified a new mechanism governing microtubule growth, involving two proteins that form a liquid-liquid phase separation at the tip of the microtubule. This discovery opens up unprecedented prospects for developing new treatments that can act at the heart of cells.

SourceUniversité de Genève·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·TypeNews article·DateSep 5, 2023

Fossil spines reveal deep sea’s past

A research team led by the University of Göttingen has discovered fossil spines that indicate the existence of irregular echinoids in the deep sea for at least 104 million years. The study provides insights into the past, including a mass extinction event that caused smaller species to thrive and changes in spine morphology.

SourceUniversity of Göttingen·JournalPLOS ONE·TypeObservational study·DateSep 5, 2023
SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB

SAMSUNG T9 Portable SSD 2TB transfers large imagery and model outputs quickly between field laptops, lab workstations, and secure archives.

‘Meta-synergy’ for the battle against cancer

Researchers at Technion-Israel Institute of Technology developed an AI tool to identify powerful drug combinations that significantly enhance cancer treatment. The 'meta-synergy' approach uses artificial intelligence and text mining to find optimal pairs of drugs, resulting in highly effective nanomedicines with fewer side effects.

SourceTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology·JournalJournal of Controlled Release·TypeMeta-analysis·DateSep 5, 2023

New insights into melanoma development and therapy

Researchers from Osaka University have identified a novel mechanism by which GREB1 Isoform4 is involved in pyrimidine synthesis and causes malignant melanoma. The study found that GREB1 Is4 promotes cancer cell proliferation and regulates pyrimidine metabolism, suggesting it as a new therapeutic target for melanoma.

SourceOsaka University·JournalOncogene·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 5, 2023

Obesity experts spotlight safety gap in clinical trials and drug labeling for people with obesity

A new opinion piece highlights the safety gap in clinical trials and drug labeling for people with obesity, arguing that correct dosing instructions should be included on labels. The authors recommend a three-pronged approach to address this gap, including conducting studies in people with obesity before market approval.

SourceEmerald Lake Safety·JournalHealth Affairs Forefront·TypeCommentary/editorial·DateSep 5, 2023

Newly identified cardiac progenitor cells shed light on diversity in complexity of heart formation

Researchers have identified specific progenitor cells in mouse embryos that differentiate into left ventricle cardiomyocytes, highlighting the complexity of early heart formation. The discovery provides insights into congenital heart disease mechanisms and may lead to improved treatments for left ventricle-related issues.

SourceNational Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center·JournalProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences·DateSep 5, 2023
Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount

Sky-Watcher EQ6-R Pro Equatorial Mount provides precise tracking capacity for deep-sky imaging rigs during long astrophotography sessions.

Experts propose new global definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome

A new global definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has been proposed by experts, expanding the criteria to include non-invasive ventilation and pulse oximetry. The updated definition aims to improve recognition of ARDS at an earlier stage, allowing for more effective interventions.

SourceAmerican Thoracic Society·JournalAmerican Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·TypeLiterature review·DateSep 5, 2023

Landmark NIH grant awarded to School of Nursing and Health Studies

The University of Miami has been awarded a $23.57 million grant from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to join the Environmental influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) Program. The research team will investigate how stress experienced by parents can affect their children's development.

SourceUniversity of Miami·DateSep 5, 2023

Inclusion 2.0: How to bring a scientific approach to urban design?

The new tool considers psychological and physiological characteristics of citizens, as well as spatial parameters, to provide site-specific recommendations for urban planners. The results show that balance is key to quality in urban space, with no single element more important than others.

SourceEstonian Research Council·TypeNews article·DateSep 5, 2023

Clarissa Campbell and Barbara Maier at CeMM receive ERC Starting Grants

Clarissa Campbell and Barbara Maier receive prestigious ERC Starting Grants for their research on the interplay between the immune system and metabolism, as well as the role of lymph nodes in cancer. The grants will support their work on understanding immune cells in the gut and the crosstalk between tumors and lymph nodes.

SourceCeMM Research Center for Molecular Medicine of the Austrian Academy of Sciences·DateSep 5, 2023
DJI Air 3 (RC-N2)

DJI Air 3 (RC-N2) captures 4K mapping passes and environmental surveys with dual cameras, long flight time, and omnidirectional obstacle sensing.

Study confirms it: Opposites don't actually attract

A sweeping analysis of over 130 traits and millions of couples reveals that birds of a feather flock together, with similarities common among partners. The study confirms the notion that genetics plays a role in shaping human relationships, debunking the idea that opposites attract.

SourceUniversity of Colorado at Boulder·JournalNature Human Behaviour·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 5, 2023

3D-printed ‘living material’ could clean up contaminated water

Researchers have developed a sustainable solution to clean contaminated water using 3D-printed 'living material' containing genetically engineered bacteria that produce an enzyme to transform organic pollutants. The material's surface area and geometry optimize bacterial growth and decontamination efficiency.

SourceUniversity of California - San Diego·JournalNature Communications·DateSep 5, 2023
Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4)

Apple iPad Pro 11-inch (M4) runs demanding GIS, imaging, and annotation workflows on the go for surveys, briefings, and lab notebooks.

New study shows effectiveness of mpox vaccine

A new international study published in The Lancet Infectious Diseases found that vaccinated individuals had fewer lesions, mucosal disease, and needed less pain medication. Reinfected patients also showed milder symptoms, faster recovery, and lower rates of hospitalization.

SourceQueen Mary University of London·JournalThe Lancet Infectious Diseases·DateSep 5, 2023

A free online tool can help prostate cancer patients save on out-of-pocket drug costs

A free online tool can help prostate cancer patients save thousands of dollars in out-of-pocket drug costs by comparing Medicare Part D prescription plans. The Medicare Part D Plan Finder identifies significant savings for patients taking abiraterone or enzalutamide, two common prescription drugs for advanced prostate cancer.

SourceMichigan Medicine - University of Michigan·JournalUrology Practice·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 5, 2023

Efforts to restore federal forests in eastern Oregon are working, Oregon State research shows

A study by Oregon State University found that forest thinning is enhancing native biodiversity and improving the resilience of older trees on federal lands in eastern Oregon. The research, led by James Johnston, involved long-term monitoring and partnerships between OSU, the US Forest Service, and local groups.

SourceOregon State University·JournalForest Ecology and Management·TypeObservational study·DateSep 5, 2023

OHSU scientists discover new cause of Alzheimer’s, vascular dementia

Researchers found that ferroptosis, a form of cell death caused by iron buildup, destroys microglia cells in the brain's immune response, contributing to cognitive decline. The study's findings may lead to the development of compounds targeting microglial degeneration, offering new hope for Alzheimer's and vascular dementia treatments.

SourceOregon Health & Science University·JournalAnnals of Neurology·TypeImaging analysis·DateSep 5, 2023
Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor

Aranet4 Home CO2 Monitor tracks ventilation quality in labs, classrooms, and conference rooms with long battery life and clear e-ink readouts.

Lithium recovery

Scientists introduce a novel approach to recover lithium from used LIBs by using aprotic organic solutions to avoid hydrogen gas production and simplify the process. The new method is efficient, inexpensive, and reduces waste, making it an attractive option for sustainable recycling of lithium-ion batteries.

SourceWiley·JournalAngewandte Chemie International Edition·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 5, 2023

Human shoulders and elbows first evolved as brakes for climbing apes

A study by Dartmouth researchers reveals that human shoulders and elbows evolved to facilitate 'downclimbing' - the process of descending from trees without dying. This adaptation allowed early humans to navigate their environment safely, gathering food and deploying tools for hunting and defense.

SourceDartmouth College·JournalRoyal Society Open Science·TypeObservational study·DateSep 5, 2023
Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter

Kestrel 3000 Pocket Weather Meter measures wind, temperature, and humidity in real time for site assessments, aviation checks, and safety briefings.

Disparities in who dwells behind crumbling US levees

Historically underserved communities are more likely to live behind subpar levees with fewer resources to maintain infrastructure. The study highlights the need for targeted funding to address these disparities and reduce the risk of catastrophic levee failure.

SourceAmerican Geophysical Union·JournalEarth s Future·DateSep 5, 2023

Engineering of plant cell wall modifying enzymes opens new horizons

A University of Adelaide-led study introduces a new method to engineer plant cell wall enzymes, enabling the production of valuable products. The technique involves controlling specific enzymes' catalytic function to assemble, structure, and remodel plant cell walls.

SourceUniversity of Adelaide·JournalThe Plant Journal·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 5, 2023

Crowdsourcing contests: Understanding what brings high rewards, low risk

Researchers found that crowdsourcing contests with professionals and public voting yield the highest returns and lowest volatility in stock prices. However, new product development contests carry higher risks due to uncertainty about commercial success. Large brands benefit more from crowdsourcing than small or niche brands.

SourceIowa State University·JournalJournal of Marketing·TypeData/statistical analysis·DateSep 5, 2023
Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C)

Apple AirPods Pro (2nd Generation, USB-C) provide clear calls and strong noise reduction for interviews, conferences, and noisy field environments.

Balancing biodiversity, climate change, food for a trifecta

Researchers from Michigan State University identify opportunities for win-win situations in land use, exploring the potential of legal reserves to balance agriculture with forest conservation. The study suggests an ecosystem restoration market could economically benefit regions with lower food production potential.

SourceMichigan State University·JournalScience of The Total Environment·DateSep 5, 2023

Perspective: Building megaprojects on time and under-budget

Megaprojects like Boston's 'Big Dig' are plagued by ballooning costs and extended timelines due to a lack of experience among engineers and inadequate design margins. The authors propose several solutions, including modular systems, integrated EPC contracts, and fostering a culture of curiosity and adaptability

SourcePNAS Nexus·JournalPNAS Nexus·DateSep 5, 2023
Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach

Garmin GPSMAP 67i with inReach provides rugged GNSS navigation, satellite messaging, and SOS for backcountry geology and climate field teams.

Trends in preterm infant mortality by race, socioeconomic status

US preterm infant mortality rates have declined among all categories of prematurity between 1995 and 2020. However, racial disparities persist, while socioeconomic disparities have widened over time, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address these inequalities.

SourceJAMA Network·JournalJAMA Pediatrics·DateSep 5, 2023

Measuring and Predicting collision cross section (CCS) values for unknown compounds

Researchers developed methods to predict CCS values using machine learning and computer models, offering a faster alternative to experimental determination. The study's findings provide a foundation for measurements using portable ion mobility spectrometers in the future.

SourceAuburn University College of Sciences and Mathematics·JournalJournal of Mass Spectrometry·TypeLiterature review·DateSep 5, 2023

Active children are more resilient

Research found that active children produce less cortisol in stressful situations and exhibit reduced physiological stress reactions. Regular exercise may also help prevent high cortisol levels during exams by creating a positive association with the hormone.

SourceUniversity of Basel·JournalJournal of Science and Medicine in Sport·DateSep 5, 2023

Poor water quality disproportionately affects socially vulnerable communities

A new study published in Environmental Research Letters reveals that poor water quality violations disproportionately affect the most vulnerable communities in the US. Approximately 70% of those affected ranked in the highest social vulnerability category, highlighting the need for a broader definition of disadvantaged communities beyo...

SourceIOP Publishing·JournalEnvironmental Research Letters·DateSep 5, 2023
Meta Quest 3 512GB

Meta Quest 3 512GB enables immersive mission planning, terrain rehearsal, and interactive STEM demos with high-resolution mixed-reality experiences.

Will it slip or will it grip: scientists ask, “what is snail mucus?”

A new study breaks down the complex structure of snail mucus, revealing three unique types of secretions with different functions. The researchers identified novel proteins, some of which have never been seen before, and found that subtle differences in composition can significantly impact properties.

SourceAdvanced Science Research Center, GC/CUNY·JournalNature Communications·TypeExperimental study·DateSep 5, 2023

Making plant-based meat more ‘meaty’ — with fermented onions

Researchers found that fermented onions, specifically from the Allium family, produce compounds similar to those found in meats. The team used fungi to ferment various foods and identified flavor and odor chemicals, including bis(2-methyl-3-furyl) disulfide, a potent meaty scent.

SourceAmerican Chemical Society·JournalJournal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·DateSep 5, 2023

New research predicts effects of marine heatwaves on top ocean predators

A new study forecasts the impact of marine heatwaves on top ocean predators, revealing varied effects and potential redistributions across international boundaries. The researchers developed models to provide real-time predictions of how species shift during heatwaves, informing proactive climate-ready management strategies.

SourceNOAA Fisheries West Coast Region·JournalNature Communications·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 5, 2023
Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station

Davis Instruments Vantage Pro2 Weather Station offers research-grade local weather data for networked stations, campuses, and community observatories.

KMOU scientists develop an energy-efficient wireless power and information transfer system

Researchers from Korea Maritime and Ocean University developed a new framework for solving the energy efficiency problem in IIoTs. The proposed SWIPT-NOMA-DAS system is five times more energy efficient than existing systems, with significant improvements in performance and battery life extension.

SourceNational Korea Maritime and Ocean University·JournalIEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics·TypeComputational simulation/modeling·DateSep 5, 2023

Hungarian researchers reveal the complex society of wild horses by drones

Researchers used drones to track Przewalski's horses and found a complex, multilevel social structure similar to human societies. The herd's movements revealed kinship-based relationships and familiarity between animals, with mare-mare bonds playing a significant role in harem formation.

SourceEötvös Loránd University·JournalNature Communications·DateSep 5, 2023