Researchers used drum mills to manufacture kilograms of ibuprofen-nicotinamide, a formulation that improves therapeutic efficacy and stability. The study demonstrates the possibilities of drum mills for large-scale synthesis of pharmaceutical co-crystals.
The study provides detailed measurements of ribosomal translation dynamics, including eEF2's role in stabilizing the environment for peptidyl transfer. It also identifies the fully rotated ribosome bound to eEF3 and elucidates the dynamic multi-conformational characteristics of ribosomes during translation.
The discovery of ritual sun stone sacrifices coincided with a large volcanic eruption that made the sun disappear in Northern Europe. The eruptions had devastating consequences for Neolithic agriculture and populations, leading to significant cultural changes.
Researchers found that cavity-nesting birds are more likely to use shed snake skins in their construction, which helps deter predators from eating eggs. The practice is thought to be an evolutionary adaptation to reduce nest predation, with benefits most strongly expressed in cavity nests.
Researchers found that the percentage of female students identifying as LGBQ more than doubled between 2015 and 2021, correlating with a rise in suicidal ideation, planning, and attempts among females. This trend is not observed among male students, emphasizing the need for targeted support for LGBQ youth.
A 12-week randomized controlled trial found that IDPN using ENEFLUID increased energy intake from food and reduced hypoglycemia during dialysis, suggesting potential benefits for malnourished hemodialysis patients. However, the study did not demonstrate direct improvements in nutritional markers.
The new NCCN Guidelines for Patients: Genetic Testing for Hereditary Breast, Ovarian, Pancreatic, and Prostate Cancer provide evidence-based recommendations for assessing and testing for inherited genetic mutations. The resource aims to inform individuals about their cancer risks based on personal or family history.
A recent study from the University of Illinois shows that gene-edited bacteria can supply equivalent of 35 pounds of nitrogen from air during early corn growth, increasing vegetative growth, nitrogen accumulation and yield by an average of 2 bushels per acre.
The US Department of Energy awards $107 million to six projects in the Fusion Innovative Research Engine (FIRE) Collaboratives, supporting commercial fusion energy development. Several privately funded fusion companies complete early critical-path science and technology milestones in the Milestone-Based Fusion Development Program.
The US Department of Energy is investing $71 million in 25 projects combining theory and experiment to explore the universe. Researchers will develop innovative solutions using quantum information science to advance our understanding of fundamental physics, including theories of gravity and spacetime.
Megakaryocytes exhibit diverse immune functions through expression of immune sensors and participation in immune activities. They modulate HSC quiescence and proliferation, engage in immune responses, and phagocytose pathogens.
Researchers have identified the pathogens and diagnostic tests for the two diseases, revolutionizing cassava disease management in Latin America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia. The study, published in peer-reviewed journals, marks a significant milestone in fighting the spread of these devastating diseases.
Zebrafish have pineal gland photoreceptors that detect color using parapinopsin 1 (PP1) protein. Two genes, Sagb and Arr3a, play a crucial role in the inactivation of PP1 based on light intensity, with Sagb taking over at higher intensities.
Researchers found greater phonetic markers among Pacific Islander teens in a more diverse school, indicating prominent ethnic boundaries. The study suggests that language shifts serve as subtle signals to establish identity and connect with cultural communities.
A six-month exercise programme improved language comprehension in older monolingual adults, with a 7% increase in detection speed. In contrast, bilingual participants did not show the same improvement, suggesting a complex relationship between fitness and language processing in bilingual brains.
A study found that intestinal bacterium Bacteroides vulgatus and its metabolite pantothenic acid regulate sugar preference by activating the GLP-1-FGF21 hormone axis, providing a promising strategy for diabetes prevention.
A new study from Holden Forests & Gardens reveals that climate warming can change the order of seed germination, giving more responsive plants an advantage and ultimately altering plant communities. This shift in 'assembly order' could have a lasting impact on ecosystem function and species composition.
A recent study found that schools are not strategically adjusting their salary scales to better attract novice teachers. The research, published in the Labor Studies Journal, reveals that when teacher salaries in districts increase, adjacent districts increase their own pay scales by a much smaller percentage.
Researchers discovered that boys tend to overestimate their abilities compared to girls and are more likely to negotiate for higher bonuses. In a series of experiments, children aged six to nine showed similar perceptions of negotiation but differed in how they applied these perceptions to real-life scenarios.
Researchers warn of environmental risks posed by snakes and insects in imported ornamental plants, calling for improved regulations and sustainable practices. The study highlights the difficulty of monitoring and controlling pests due to high-volume trade, posing a threat to ecosystems and human health.
The University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign has received USGIF accreditation for its online graduate certificate and master's degree in CyberGIS and Geospatial Data Science. The partnership will train students to address large-scale problems using geospatial sciences, mathematical and statistical sciences, and cyberinfrastructure.
Researchers found that inhibiting protein RSK1 reduces inflammation and stops progression of blood cancers like myeloproliferative neoplasms and acute myeloid leukemia. The RSK1 inhibitor is already in clinical trials for breast cancer and shows promise as a treatment for blood cancers.
Researchers found that wearable devices can identify, differentiate, and predict flares in IBD by analyzing circadian patterns of heart rate variability, heart rate, oxygenation, and daily activity. The study showed that these metrics changed up to seven weeks before flares developed, enabling continuous disease monitoring.
Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology found that biochar significantly reduces DDT uptake by earthworms in contaminated soil, halving the toxin's presence. This method could enable farming on land deemed unusable due to environmental risks.
Researchers from UCalgary and around the world have discovered that early humans, Homo erectus, were able to thrive in extreme environments, including hot and dry periods. This finding changes our understanding of human adaptability and suggests that ancient humans had a wider range of survival capabilities than previously thought.
A cluster randomized trial involving 31 Canadian high schools and 3,800 students found that delivering personality-targeted brief cognitive behavioral interventions to students in the 7th grade reduced risk for substance use disorders by the end of high school. The intervention was associated with a 23%-80% reduced odds of SUD compared...
Tufts economist Elizabeth Setren has received the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) for her research on Boston's METCO school desegregation program. Her work demonstrates significant positive impacts on urban students, and she will continue to study immigrant integration in Massachusetts schools.
This study investigated the performance of plasma neurodegenerative biomarkers (NfL, GFAP, tau, and UCHL1) in diagnosing minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) and predicting overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) in Chinese patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The results showed that a combination of NfL, GFAP, tau, and UCHL1 was effective in d...
Researchers developed an AI-powered technology that transforms low-resolution, label-free images into high-resolution, virtually stained ones without fluorescent dyes. This innovation delivers stable and accurate cell visualization, overcoming limitations of traditional imaging methods.
Researchers developed a novel bioconversion system using mealworm and black soldier fly larvae to transform plastic waste into valuable by-products, including biochar and compost. The system has potential for large-scale adoption in sustainable waste management industries.
Researchers have created a model system with a defect in graphene that allows certain ions to pass through, including chloride. This breakthrough has significant implications for water filtration membranes, artificial receptors, and chloride channels.
The Lancet Commission on Clinical Obesity proposes a new model for diagnosing clinical obesity based on objective measures of illness at the individual level. The proposal aims to settle the ongoing dispute around the idea of obesity as a disease, providing a medically coherent framework for diagnosis.
Scientists have identified flickering loops in the solar atmosphere that signal impending solar flares. The loops' brightness variability can be measured to predict flares with up to 80% accuracy, potentially providing 2-6 hours of warning time for astronauts and technology.
Acemoglu's research focuses on political economy of long-term economic growth and development. He has made outstanding contributions in understanding pressing social issues through his scholarship.
Researchers have discovered a key strategy through which persister cells evade the immune response and resist cancer treatments. Inhibiting an epigenetic mechanism could unlock inflammatory genes and compromise persister cell viability.
New dummies and tests aim to reduce hedgehog fatalities in robotic lawnmower crashes. A ban on night-time use is also seen as a promising solution to protect these animals.
A recent Chapman University study found that only 13.9% of seafood products were substituted with a different species, suggesting that popular seafood choices like salmon and shrimp are relatively safe from mislabeling. The study highlights the need for better consumer education and compliance with FDA seafood labeling standards.
The Nipah virus, a zoonotic paramyxovirus, has recurrent outbreaks in South and Southeast Asia due to contact with infected animals or contaminated food products. Human infections have been reported across several countries, with severe disease and death resulting from its pathogenicity.
A new research project led by Cambridge will review existing studies on the impact of smartphones and social media on children's mental health and wellbeing. The team aims to provide policymakers with high-quality insights to inform future action, considering factors such as online habits, emerging technologies, and vulnerable groups.
Researchers at the University of Washington have developed new proteins that can neutralize lethal snake venom toxins using deep learning computational methods. These protein designs show promise for creating safer and more cost-effective antivenoms, potentially saving millions of lives annually.
Astronomers have detected a supermassive black hole with a jet pointed towards Earth in the first billion years of the universe. The discovery offers crucial information for studying reionization and could point to other supermassive black hole candidates from the early universe.
A multicenter study shows trained health professionals with AI assistance can meet diagnostic standards for lung ultrasounds. This technology has the potential to increase access to lung ultrasound in areas without expert personnel.
Researchers created new proteins using AI that bind to and neutralize deadly snake toxins, providing a safer alternative to traditional antivenoms. The study's results show an 80-100% survival rate in mice, offering potential benefits for people in developing countries.
A new computational model reveals how place cells in the hippocampus can store episodic memories, including those of events without a spatial component. The model proposes that grid cells form a scaffold that anchors memories and drives recall by connecting to sensory cortex.
Researchers have developed a new geometric machine learning method called MaSIF, which enables the design of proteins that bind specifically to desired molecular structures. This approach accelerates precision drug development by allowing for precise dosing and control of biological drugs.
Regular aerobic exercise has been shown to significantly reduce disease markers associated with Alzheimer's, protecting healthy brain cells and restoring balance in the aging brain. The study highlights the potential for aerobic exercise to serve as a cornerstone in preventive strategies for Alzheimer's.
Researchers developed a new model to identify potential hosts of ebolaviruses, focusing on bat species with strong NPC1 protein binding and previous outbreak locations. The study uses large-scale binding assays and machine learning to guide future surveillance efforts.
A recent study by Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution scientists found that the AMOC has not declined in the last 60 years, contrary to previous predictions. The research used climate models and reanalysis data to reconstruct the AMOC's past behavior, indicating a more stable system than expected.
Dr. Lisa Upton received the 2025 Karen Harvey Prize for advancing our understanding of the solar corona and improving solar cycle predictions. She is a leading advocate for a solar polar mission to explore the last uncharted regions of the Sun's atmosphere.
A study of British motherhood influencers found that 3 in 4 posts feature children, with half linked to sponsorship and financial gain. The researchers express strong trust in Instagram's safety features, suggesting a deliberate strategy rather than accidental sharing.
The Tomosynthesis Mammographic Imaging Screening Trial (TMIST) has successfully enrolled over 108,000 women worldwide for a randomized controlled trial comparing 2D and 3D mammography. The study aims to determine whether 3D mammography is more effective in reducing advanced breast cancer risk.
Researchers discovered special proteins that keep tiny particle membranes intact during transport, and found these proteins influence cargo function. Animal experiments showed ion channel protein is crucial for repairing heart damage in mice.
The American Thoracic Society is opening media registration for ATS 2025, taking place May 18-21 in San Francisco. Registered journalists will have access to emerging scientists and clinicians discussing medical breakthroughs and clinical innovation.
A new study from Mass General Brigham found that approximately 1-in-5 patients experience acne recurrence after isotretinoin treatment. The researchers identified factors that increase the risk of recurrence, including female gender and lower cumulative dosages.
Researchers at Ehime University have developed a novel polymer synthesis method utilizing diazocarbonyl compounds, resulting in polymers with improved physical properties and functionalities. The new method enables the creation of high molecular weight polymers with controlled stereo-structure and incorporation of functional groups.
The FDA has revoked authorization for the use of Red Dye 3 in food and ingested drugs, citing studies linking it to cancer in laboratory male rats. This decision is an important step forward in addressing modifiable risk factors that have the potential to reduce cancer risk.
A new method has improved AI translation of sign language by adding data on hand and facial expressions, as well as skeletal information. This has led to a significant increase in accuracy, making it easier for people with hearing impairments to communicate.
A team of food scientists is developing tempeh products from chickpeas and peas to offset the health risks of a Western diet. The new fermented foods may help with obesity, fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes. Preliminary research suggests they are high in fiber and low in fat.
Researchers Choongseok Chang, Seung-Hoe Ku, and Robert Hager developed simulations that closely matched experiments in the DIII-D device, revealing that turbulence doubles the exhaust layer width. This discovery supports predictions that ITER could have a broader exhaust footprint than previously thought.
A study published in PLOS Climate found substantial connections between fossil fuel, plastics, and agrichemical industries on Twitter. The research analyzed over 125,300 tweets from nine key players in these industries, revealing strong inter-sector connections, particularly between fossil fuel and plastics organizations.