A comprehensive study of the protein repair system reveals changes in post-translational modifications, or PTMs, that disrupt the system's ability to respond to misfolded protein stress signals. The findings suggest that IDCM can be viewed as a protein misfolding disease, with potential treatments being explored in cancer research.
A KAIST research team has developed a technology that leverages natural ingredients to increase the strength of seaweed-based hydrogel by more than fivefold, while controlling its adhesiveness and degradation rate. The new material design strategy utilizes tannic acid to enhance mechanical strength and adhesiveness.
The University of New Hampshire will lead a national effort to grow and strengthen America's seafood supply through aquaculture research, with a focus on sustainability and environmental friendliness. The $13.5 million initiative aims to expand domestic seafood production and improve food security.
Researchers highlight five contexts – duration, time of day, purpose of use, interactivity, and content structure – to determine whether screen time is healthy or harmful. By examining these factors, individuals can protect themselves and their children from unhealthy screen behavior and create healthier digital environments.
As we age, the body adopts a safety-first walking style that sacrifices efficiency for stability, leading to slower speeds and increased fatigue. Researchers identified subtle changes in ankle and surrounding muscles controlling each step.
A team of NUS researchers has developed a self-testing quantum chip that generates certified random numbers while verifying its own measurement hardware's functionality. The chip, published in PRX Quantum, removes the trust assumption in traditional random number generators.
A neural network-based machine learning model accelerates diffuse optical tomography by over a million-fold, enabling real-time diagnosis. The model accurately reproduces signals even for unseen parameter combinations, with each inference taking approximately 2 milliseconds.
Researchers discovered consistent shifts in immune cell behavior before symptoms develop, suggesting underlying genetic risk factors. The study found that CD4 helper T cells from people with coeliac disease showed weaker responses, contradicting expectations of overactivity.
A new analysis tracks global sugar-sweetened beverage tax adoption across 183 countries, revealing South Asia's significant lead in tax implementation. The study found that countries with higher burdens of type 2 diabetes and obesity are more likely to adopt taxes, but not necessarily those with high rates of sugary drink consumption.
A new scoreboard reveals the nations facing climate penalties, ranking countries on six climate indicators, including emissions and heat stress. The top-ranked nations include Paraguay, England, and Scotland, while those with severe projected warming and high fossil fuel dependency struggle.
Researchers found a unique protein called YAF9B that helps plants protect their stem cells from DNA damage. This discovery sheds light on how plants coordinate DNA repair processes, which could improve future crops by guiding more precise genome editing.
A new oral GLP-1 medication, elecoglipron, has been shown to significantly reduce blood glucose levels and bodyweight in adults with type 2 diabetes. The study found that up to 89.6% of participants achieved an HbA1c level of 7%, while 72.3% experienced at least 5% weight reduction.
Researchers developed a framework to analyze high-frequency satellite data and measure the vital signs of global cities. The Urban Pulse can identify areas of unsustainable sprawl and provide an early warning system for policymakers and citizens. This tool has the potential to revolutionize how people interact with their cities.
A study by Kyoto University researchers found that hospital admissions for persons with dementia result in higher healthcare spending, with a $2,500 increase in 30-day costs after an emergency room visit. However, there was no conclusive evidence linking hospital admission to 30 or 90-day mortality rates.
A study analyzing insurance claims data found similar risks between continued and non-continued GLP-1RA medication use during early pregnancy. The authors conclude that further research is needed to better understand the safety of GLP-1RAs in pregnancy due to imprecise estimates for rare outcomes.
Two studies from the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have identified a key signaling pathway, ERK, that regulates heart cell growth and restructuring. Stabilized microtubules promote lateral growth, increasing cell width, while destabilized microtubules favor longitudinal growth, lengthening cells.
Researchers found that asking people to take multiple looks at unfamiliar faces improved identification accuracy by around 8%. This simple approach, which combines decisions made by the same person, outperforms gains from specialist training programs.
Researchers implemented behavioral nudges to increase prescription of naltrexone, a medication for alcohol use disorder. The study resulted in a 15-fold increase in patients leaving with a prescription, offering an effective treatment to those who struggle with alcohol.
A study by Rice University researchers found that hitting with a slower swing speed can lead to more contact, but also sacrifices power. The study analyzed MLB swing-tracking data and found that batters who adjust their approach with two strikes do not necessarily get better results.
Researchers have discovered a key protein, Mylpf, essential for fast-twitch muscle fibers to form and contract. The study found that even partial reduction in Mylpf function can hinder muscle formation, leading to diseases like muscular dystrophy.
Researchers identified key factors, including diet, exercise, stress, and social engagement, that contribute to the long lives of Cilento residents. The CIAO Study aims to inform clinical solutions by providing actionable answers on aging and longevity.
A global study of over 8,000 participants found that changes in physical activity are closely linked to changes in mood throughout the day. Participants who engaged in light activities like walking or doing chores reported feeling happier and more energized.
The HUG-CELL project aims to identify couples at risk of transmitting recessive genetic disorders and Fragile X syndrome. The initiative will create a large genetic database for Brazil to determine the prevalence of hereditary genetic diseases and develop 'risk calculators' based on the diversity of the Brazilian population.
Researchers from UMass Amherst have developed a new AI architecture called ANT that enables continuous learning and reduces energy consumption by orders of magnitude. Unlike human brains, which operate asynchronously, modern deep neural networks rely on synchronized computations, leading to high energy demands.
Researchers from Florida Atlantic University have identified a key immune pathway that appears to drive damaging inflammation in Huntington disease. Blocking this pathway reduced brain inflammation, protected neurons, and improved movement in a humanized mouse model of the disease.
A University of Minnesota Medical School research team led by Dr. Monica Campo is studying early immune responses in lung cells and their impact on tuberculosis infection outcomes.
UC San Diego Health has received multiple awards from Practice Greenhealth for its achievement and innovation in health care sustainability, including the Greenhealth Leader Award and Circle of Excellence Award. The institution's commitment to operations supporting healthier patients, staff, and communities is recognized nationally.
Research finds that antibiotics and their breakdown products can contribute to resistance, even after treatment. The study suggests that wastewater treatment plants act as hidden reservoirs of bioactivity, leading to increased antibiotic resistance. Human usage of antibiotics is also identified as a major driver of this issue.
Researchers at Emory University discovered a flaw in reinforcement learning used to guide sepsis treatment, which can result in either overtreatment or undertreatment. The team developed a simple workaround to avoid the flaw, leading to an 8-10% decrease in patient mortality.
A new study reveals that North America experienced stronger enrichment of oxygen isotopes in the north during the last deglaciation, while the south showed a muted response. The researchers used climate simulations to explain this difference, attributing it to changes in atmospheric circulation and moisture sources.
Researchers developed a highly efficient photocatalyst for solar-driven CO₂ conversion using a ZrO₂/CdS core-shell composite. The catalyst achieves nearly 100% selectivity for carbon monoxide production, overcoming bottlenecks in industrial application.
A systematic review synthesizes 95 core studies to map machine learning (ML) advances for pipelines across the full lifecycle. ML techniques boost generalizability, quantify uncertainty, and embed physical laws, achieving near-physics fidelity with significant speedups.
Researchers investigated polyisoprenylated cysteinyl amide inhibitors (PCAIs) for their anticancer effects on pancreatic cancer cells with KRAS mutations. The compounds demonstrated strong activity against cell survival, migration, and invasion pathways. PCAI treatment caused hyperactivation of MAPK and PI3K/AKT pathways, leading to ox...
Participants trusted AI more for large-scale scanning tasks like identifying red flags in social media posts, while trusting humans for nuanced fact-checking requiring piecing together evidence. The findings suggest that effective fact-checking tools should provide accurate results and explain how they're reached.
A survey found that one in five US adults is unaware of the connection between diet and blood cholesterol levels. Many incorrectly believe that chicken, lean beef, and eggs are protective against hyperlipidemia, but research shows that these foods actually contribute to artery-clogging cholesterol.
A genome-wide mixed methods study identifies shared genetic variants across substance use disorders, suggesting overlapping biological processes. The analysis reveals new genetic regions and implicated genes in key neurobiological processes, including reward processing and behavioural regulation.
Rice University has received a $2 million CPRIT award to advance cancer research, including new studies in immunotherapy and ovarian cancer. The funding will support the expansion of the Genetic Design and Engineering Center, which provides a centralized hub for DNA tools used in cancer research.
A recent UC Irvine study analyzing health data from over 85,000 women found that access to healthcare and insurance coverage significantly influence whether women take recommended amounts of folic acid. Folic acid supplements were more commonly used by older pregnant women and non-Hispanic Black women.
A team from UNIGE has improved a non-invasive brain stimulation technique called temporal interference stimulation, allowing deeper and more targeted stimulation. The breakthrough enables the potential application of this method in treating neurological and psychiatric disorders such as Parkinson's disease and depression without surgery.
Researchers at DGIST elucidated the protective mechanism of the p53 gene, which prevents neural stem cell death under chronic stress conditions. The study found that p53 functions as a survival factor by suppressing autophagy, and an existing anticancer drug can inhibit p53 degradation to prevent brain cell death.
Researchers developed a solution to improve the mechanical stability of perovskite/silicon tandem cells, achieving a record-breaking power conversion efficiency of 30.04%. The uniform submicron pyramids on ultrathin silicon wafers significantly improved device performance and flexibility.
A study analyzing nearly 2,000 human infections with Shiga-producing E. coli found increasing resistance to antibiotics, particularly for tetracycline and sulfisoxazole. The researchers propose a 'One Health' approach to address the issue, focusing on antibiotic stewardship in agriculture, food safety, and environmental controls.
Researchers developed a new polymer electrolyte that addresses two long-standing barriers to next-generation energy storage. The material enables exceptional electrochemical stability and rapid ion transport, bringing high-energy-density lithium metal batteries closer to practical application.
A new El Niño index compares warming in the central Pacific with temperatures across the wider tropics, providing a clearer picture of unusual conditions. The Relative Niño index is more suited for monitoring and comparing events over time, reducing sensitivity to global warming trends.
A new study from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem reveals that aerosol-cloud interactions can produce opposite climate effects in the short term and long term. In the short term, aerosols initially warm the atmosphere, but over time, the cooling effect takes over.
Researchers have developed an AI-powered safety switch for future cell therapies using caffeine. The platform, CODS, rapidly separates engineered proteins in living cells and triggers cellular responses on demand.
Research led by University of Queensland found a 17% drop in egg allergy rates among Australian children after implementing guidelines recommending egg introduction at 6 months of age. The study also showed a significant reduction in egg allergy rates among babies with eczema, from 35% to 22%.
Southwest Research Institute scientists modeled the early impact history of Earth, finding that asteroid impacts fractured the crust and generated hydrothermal systems. These environments could have provided a suitable setting for the origin and evolution of early life on Earth.
A recent study in the Journal of Nutrition Education & Behavior found that geographic differences account for most of the variation in the cost of the USDA's Thrifty Food Plan, with regions like the Northeast and major metropolitan areas like New York having higher costs. The study highlights the importance of considering regional pric...
A new $2.9 million NIH grant will help researchers understand the impact of a father's drinking before conception on his child's risk for developmental disorders, chronic disease, and accelerated aging. The study aims to identify warning signs earlier and guide interventions for people affected by fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).
A new study found that the Inflation Reduction Act's $35 out-of-pocket cap on insulin prescriptions led to lower costs and increased insulin usage among Medicare patients. However, the impact was limited to a small portion of U.S. patients, with higher costs remaining for many.
Research suggests that genetic factors influence the strength of rats' aversive responses to cocaine's negative effects. The study found that different rat strains had varying levels of avoidance behavior towards the drug. This suggests a potential genetic basis for individual differences in cocaine use and addiction.
A new study reveals that the three-step 'detour' pathway for making dolichol is more universal than initially thought, with evidence suggesting that yeast and other eukaryotes rely on overlapping biochemical pathways. Dolichol biosynthesis is crucial for protein glycosylation and preventing congenital disorders of glycosylation.
Researchers found that DHED increased estrogen specifically in the brain of aged marmosets, leading to improved memory and sleep. The treatment also reversed neural changes caused by letrozole, a common breast cancer treatment. However, DHED had different effects on body temperature regulation in males and females.
The discovery reveals a surprisingly mature black hole at just 850 million years old, with an accretion disk resembling a flat pancake. This challenges the understanding of how supermassive black holes can grow and mature in a short amount of cosmic time.
Researchers at KAIST have developed a novel 2D conductive Material that maintains single-layer electronic characteristics even when stacked in multiple layers. This breakthrough resolves the long-standing challenge of performance degradation in 2D materials, enabling high electrical conductivity and efficient electron transport.
Zoonoses has been included in ESCI reflecting its commitment to publishing high-quality research on zoonotic diseases and One Health. The inclusion increases the visibility and discoverability of research across the global scholarly community.
Michele Esposito, a young cardiologist, has received a K23 award from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. The award aims to develop innovative approaches for treating peripheral microvascular dysfunction in heart failure, which affects exercise tolerance.
A study analyzing French and Swedish national health databases reveals a rise in Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, and motor neuron diseases' prevalence worldwide. Improved life expectancy and therapies contribute to the increase in multiple sclerosis cases, while population aging is the primary driver of ALS rising incidence.
Prof. Tal Dvir, Prof. Hossam Haick, and Prof. Yaakov Nahmias inducted as Fellows of the National Academy of Inventors for their groundbreaking work in regenerative medicine, sensing technologies, and bioengineering. Their innovations have made a significant societal and economic impact worldwide.