A recent study by Michigan State University researchers has found that lakes invaded by zebra mussels have three times higher levels of a toxic algae and twice the levels of its deadly toxin, microcystins. The discovery raises concerns about the potential reversal of water quality gains made in recent years.
Researchers found ACR scores improved for symptom relief after 6 months with combination treatment, and remission occurred in 35% of patients compared to 16% and 13% with individual therapies. Combination therapy also showed a statistically significant improvement on joint erosion.
Agricultural ecologist David Pimentel warns of unimaginable malnutrition and human misery by 2054 if current trends continue. The world's growing population is putting pressure on resources like cropland, fresh water, and energy, threatening food production.
Researchers have developed a protective coating that prevents deadly post-operative infections from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a virulent pathogen that kills 100% of untreated mice. The coating, which works by pleasing the bacteria and preventing them from invading the host's bloodstream, has shown promising results in animal studies.
Research found that inter-seeding winter cereal rye with organic soybeans reduces weed growth and increases yield, but requires specific termination methods for effective management. The study suggests a new approach to organic weed control that prioritizes soil health and sustainability.
A University of Illinois study highlights the growing tension between farmers and newcomers to rural areas like Elburn, Kane County. Farmers see farmland as a means of livelihood and family heritage, while newcomers view it as public amenity. This clash is leading to erosion of community trust and decline in farming practices.
A four-year study reveals that Himalayan erosion rates are uniform across wet and dry regions, contrary to expectations. The Indian Ocean's monsoon rains create a striking difference in precipitation between the north and south, yet erosion rates remain relatively constant.
New calculations suggest that recycling of material through small moons can lengthen the lifetime of rings and moons. This process, known as cosmic recycling, allows for the re-accretion of fragments into new moons, extending the persistence of ring systems.
A western American pasture grass crossed with wheat has improved resistance to Fusarium head blight, a disease causing major wheat crop losses and producing toxins that can be fatal to humans and animals. The hybrid plant's new resistance gene can be combined with other genes to enhance protection against the fungus.
A new study published in Analytical Chemistry challenges the idea that the Vinland Map is a medieval forgery, instead suggesting that its ink composition supports its authenticity. The research finds that the map's ink contains elements consistent with medieval production methods, raising doubts about the possibility of forgery.
A study found that ponderosa pine and Douglas fir needles can reduce water flow erosion by up to 60% and rain-induced erosion by up to 80%. Researchers used artificial rain laboratory experiments to test the effectiveness of needle cover in preventing post-fire soil erosion.
New study by Benjamin Burke and Arjun Heimsath predicts future soil production and erosion in similar landscapes, supporting previous research on chemical weathering's role. The researchers studied three sites in Australia and California, finding variability in chemical and physical weathering processes across small areas.
Researchers discovered a unique amphibian species, developed new methods for dating hillside erosion, and analyzed trace elements to recreate ancient environments. The team also created a new tool for analyzing basalts and found evidence of ancient volcanoes in Austria's Alps.
The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone National Park has led to a remarkable recovery of cottonwood and willow species, as well as improved stream health. Young trees are now growing taller in areas where wolves are present, suggesting that the fear of predation is preventing elk from overgrazing.
Fossilized ghost crabs, up to 110,000 years-old, have been found on area beaches in central Florida. The rare discovery suggests that beach erosion, possibly caused by the construction of Port Canaveral, has exposed fossils that were previously hidden by dunes.
Scientists have discovered that 'warm' glaciers can use supercooling to trap and transport silt, providing new insights into glacier dynamics. The process involves the formation of 'frazil ice,' which picks up particles from the surrounding water, creating layers of clean and dirty ice.
Researchers at Rockefeller University have developed a mathematical equation that combines generalized arousal with specific forms of arousal, such as sex and hunger. The study found that genetic changes in mice lacking estrogen receptors can influence overall arousal, providing new insights into the neural mechanisms underlying arousal.
Researchers at Michigan State University discover that glaciers sculpt and erode landscapes through a phenomenon called glaciohydraulic supercooling, which affects the rate of erosion. This new understanding allows for better comprehension of how glaciers subdue mountains.
Researchers discovered that glacial erosion is controlled by the relationships of the ground beneath the glacier, the rubble pile, and the glacier itself. Glaciers achieve a steady state existence when the angle between their toe and sediment pile becomes too steep, causing streams to stop flowing and erosion to cease.
Researchers from Lehigh University and other institutions have found evidence suggesting that erosion and tectonic processes are contributing to the growth of the Himalayas. The study uses short- and long-term measurements, including seismological, geomorphic, and GPS data, to understand the geological processes at play.
A more realistic extinction scenario shows that rare and uncommon plant species removal doesn't impact aboveground plant growth, but instead affects remaining rare species. Dominant species impart resistance to ecosystem change even in the face of a 3-fold decline in species.
A new study finds that oxygen deficiency can impair fish reproduction by disrupting endocrine function and reducing fertility rates. Long-term exposure to hypoxia can lead to major declines in fish populations, potentially causing extinction for some species.
A new GIS tool called GeoWEPP can rapidly assess soil erosion and sediment delivery in streams after wildfires, allowing forest managers to quickly plan and implement conservation measures. The tool guides users to select the best and most cost-effective conservation measures to mitigate erosion and protect water sources.
Researchers are studying the efficacy of bovine growth hormone in tilapia aquaculture and developing methods for its treatment. Additionally, computer models predict physical impacts of offshore dredging on coastal beaches, and a new publication from Delaware Sea Grant examines port security measures.
Researchers at the University of Michigan Health System found that medical students who have not yet completed their OB/GYN clerkship place more value on securing consent before performing pelvic examinations under anesthesia. This suggests a decline in the importance of obtaining patient consent for these procedures.
The KESS research team will use cutting-edge technology to study the dynamical and thermodynamical processes controlling the Kuroshio Extension and its recirculation gyre. The study's findings will have significant implications for fisheries, climate research, and understanding storm tracks.
Switching to liquefied petroleum gas for household use could add only a 2% increase in global fossil fuel emissions but greatly decrease the environmental impact on local biomass resources. Liquefied petroleum gas burns cleaner than biomass fuels, reducing indoor smoke and associated health risks.
Arjun Heimsath and Hany Farid developed a new method to create 3D models of remote regions using 2D photographs, making it easier for researchers to predict landslides and erosion rates. The technique has limitations, such as requiring clear images of the ground surface and a good point of view.
A phase 3 study found Enbrel inhibited radiographic progression in patients with active psoriatic arthritis. The drug reduced the progression of bone erosions and joint space narrowing associated with the disease.
Researchers found that the Chicxulub crater in Mexico had about 18,000 cubic kilometers of impact melt, while the Sudbury crater in Canada had approximately 31,000 cubic kilometers. The significant difference in melt volume could be explained by an asteroid striking Chicxulub and a comet impacting Sudbury.
A recent UCSF-led study found that fluoroquinolones were widely prescribed to patients discharged from the hospital despite narrow-spectrum antibiotics being appropriate. The study highlights the serious erosion of effectiveness due to overuse and increasing bacterial resistance, particularly in cystic fibrosis patients.
Active mountains, despite constant uplift, do not get taller because of erosion forces balancing uplift and sediment transport. Researchers found that river erosion rates closely match the rate at which rocks move up, with abrasion by suspended particles doing most of the down cutting.
Researchers will analyze data to predict and control harmful algal blooms and red tides in Narragansett Bay, affecting marine life and local aquaculture. The study aims to enhance understanding of bay ecology needed for effective management and use of resources.
A $45 billion annual investment in preserving large tracts of wild nature could yield an annual return of $44 to $52 trillion in ecosystem services. The market economy fails to capture the full financial value of natural goods and services, leading to a lack of information and harmful development policies.
The study found that when blue crabs disappeared from a salt marsh, periwinkle snails flourished, eating all the cordgrass and causing ecosystem collapse. Overgrazing by periwinkles can convert southern salt marshes into barren mudflats within eight months.
Researchers used sensitive detection techniques to study energy dissipation during bubble collapse, finding that less than 1% of energy is converted into light and most goes into chemical reactions or mechanical energy. This understanding has implications for future work on sonochemistry and the possibility of sonofusion.
Researchers found that individuals who slept for 12 hours showed significant improvement in motor skills, with an average 20% increase in performance. This is due to the brain's ability to consolidate learning during Stage 2 non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep.
Research by University of Georgia wildlife scientists found that clover strip-cropping and conservation tillage systems in cotton provide critical habitat for threatened songbirds. Clover offers cover from predators, insects for food, and time to nest and fledge young between field operations.
A recent marine expedition off Madagascar has doubled the number of described corals in the area, highlighting the importance of protecting this region's biodiversity. The team also found nine new coral species and three new fish species, shedding light on the need for sustainable conservation efforts.
A new framework for predicting underground rock geometry has been developed, enabling coal and gas companies to better understand their drilling operations. The research uses electric logs from wells and field work to interpret the types of sandstone bodies present, which are critical for finding deposits.
Researchers found that volcanic regions on Mars' Hellas basin were eroded by liquid carbon dioxide due to explosive eruptions. The 'magmatic erosion model' suggests catastrophic erosion occurred when molten rock rose to the surface, causing debris flow and shaping features.
A team of paleoecologists from Amsterdam used pollen grains to accurately recreate the local climate in Southern Mexico and Northern Guatemala around 1000 AD. The study suggests that the collapse of the well-organised Maya empire led to widespread destruction of wildlife and agricultural areas, resulting in a drier climate.
Researchers developed a superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic that substantially reduced cartilage and bone erosion, as well as chronic inflammation, in a standard animal model. The SOD mimetic also significantly reduced elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β.
Researchers found dramatic erosion of frosty layers on Mars' south pole, suggesting global climate change. The Martian snow is dense and ice-like, and its seasonal cycle affects the planet's long-term climate and atmosphere.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have identified key factors affecting phosphorus runoff and developed management strategies to minimize its impact on lakes and streams. The team suggests adopting no-till soil conservation practices, injecting liquid manure and fertilizer into the soil just below the surface.
Arjun Heimsath, a Dartmouth College researcher, measures dynamic land movement by calculating erosion rates in different parts of the world. Using cosmic isotopes extracted from rock and sediment samples, he determines how long material has been there and how fast it's eroding or breaking down.
A U. of Colorado-led science team is studying environmental problems on Alaska's North Slope to better understand and mitigate the effects of climate variability and potential environmental disasters. The researchers are creating a storm damage handbook using computer modeling to help local communities prepare for extreme storms.
The USGS reports that 45 million residents live in hurricane-prone areas, with population growth doubling since the 1960s. Coastal erosion is expected to result in 1,500 homes lost per year, with approximately 87,000 at risk within 60 years.
Research suggests that seawalls may have no significant long-term effect on beach behavior, despite causing active erosion during storms. Geologists consider factors such as sediment transport rates and beach erosion to determine net long-term erosion.
Geologist Edward Keller has discovered a lost island, Isla Calafia, submerged for over 13,000 years under the Santa Barbara channel. The island, 31 miles long and three miles wide, rises about 660 feet from the bottom of the channel and is bordered by two major earthquake faults.
Fractal extremes help predict when surfaces will reach critical points of erosion or accumulation, enabling better material designs and reliable devices. The study uses scaling math and extreme-value statistics to model surface growth and erosion processes, providing a more accurate method for predicting these events.
Researchers reveal that underground water played a crucial role in cooling the planet, with strontium levels 10 times higher than river waters. The study changes perception on ocean chemistry, highlighting the importance of groundwater in global climate models.
Researchers from CU-Boulder are using tiny, unmanned planes to monitor conditions like temperature, humidity, and wind speed during tropical storms. The flights will provide high-resolution video footage and help understand sea-surface changes during hurricanes.
Researchers are using new technology to measure coastal erosion in the UK, with a focus on the North Yorkshire coastline. They are creating highly accurate 3D computer models that detail when and where erosion is most likely to occur.
Small-scale human disturbances, such as heavy vehicle use and recreation, are reducing species diversity in Arctic ecosystems. The study found that these disturbances can cause lasting changes, including melting permafrost and decreased plant biodiversity.
Structural engineers at UCSD are researching ways to stabilize fragile cliffs along the US coastline, particularly in San Diego County. Their comprehensive guidebook aims to provide proactive solutions to prevent erosion and destruction, while maintaining environmental integrity.
Researchers at Ohio State University have created a new way to map ocean currents using a single video camera with special software, comparing favorably to expensive electronic sensors. This method could help scientists better understand erosion and develop effective management strategies.
A new map of Mars' ionosphere reveals strong localized magnetic fields as a significant barrier to atmospheric erosion by the solar wind. The findings suggest that these crustal fields played an important role in the past evolution of Mars' atmosphere and could have protected it from being stripped away.
Researchers suggest adopting conservation tillage, cover crops, and grazing management to reduce erosion and capture carbon in agricultural lands. By implementing these practices, farmers can create a net-positive carbon balance and help mitigate global warming.
Two new studies by researchers at the University of California, Santa Cruz, link El Niño winters to increased coastal erosion and shifting sands along California's central coast. The findings show that damaging coastal storms are three times more likely to occur during an El Niño winter than in other years.