Astronomers have measured the stellar obliquity of TRAPPIST-1, a very low-mass star, and found it to be low and close to zero. This is the first detection of this effect for an exoplanet system with Earth-like planets, suggesting that planetary orbits may not be misaligned with star rotation.
Physicists at Goethe University Frankfurt simulated merging neutron stars, predicting a clear signature of quark-gluon plasma in gravitational waves. This finding could provide evidence for the existence of the quark-gluon plasma in the present universe.
A team of researchers has used neutron crystallography to determine the structure of a large oxidase protein with high-resolution structural details. They found unusual proton behavior between a cofactor and an amino acid residue, and established a complete picture of topa quinone 30 years after its discovery.
The National Science Foundation has awarded a $440,000 grant to Rochester Institute of Technology researchers to develop the Einstein Toolkit for simulating black holes, neutron stars, and other astrophysical phenomena. The toolkit will be scaled up to handle exascale-level resources on large supercomputers.
A research team discovered that high-entropy alloys exhibit exceptional mechanical properties at ultra-low temperatures due to multiple deformation mechanisms. The study used in-situ neutron diffraction technique to reveal the sequence of deformation mechanisms, including dislocation slip, stacking faults, twinning, and serrations.
Researchers at the University of Sheffield have discovered a pulsating ancient star in a double star system, allowing them to study the internal structure of a white dwarf in detail for the first time. The discovery provides key insights into the structure, evolution, and death of white dwarf stars, including their composition.
Researchers at Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new skin treatment using microscopic STAR particles that can deliver drugs directly to affected areas. The treatment, which involves rubbing the particles on the skin, has shown promising results in inhibiting tumor growth in mice.
Astronomers have discovered a one-sided pulsator in the Milky Way, with citizen scientists providing crucial clues. The star's unusual single-sided pulsation is caused by its location in a binary star system with a red dwarf companion.
Astronomers using ALMA captured the moment when an old star starts to alter its environment, ejecting high-speed bipolar gas jets. The team's findings help scientists understand how complex shapes of planetary nebulae are formed.
Astronomers have discovered a rare opportunity to study the evolution of a planetary system, with the DS Tuc binary system providing insights into how planets form without being heavily impacted by external forces. The findings suggest that the planet DS Tuc Ab formed through relatively calm processes.
Scientists at the University of Sussex have measured a neutron property more precisely than ever before, finding it smaller than predicted by some theories about matter in the universe. This discovery helps rule out these theories and pushes the limit on measuring the electric dipole moment of the neutron.
Researchers at PSI measured a property of the neutron more precisely than ever before, finding it has a significantly smaller electric dipole moment. This challenges the long-held assumption that this dipole moment could help explain the excess of matter in the universe.
Researchers characterized the strong nuclear force at extremely short distances, revealing a surprising transition that challenges current understanding. The findings have huge implications for neutron stars and nuclear systems as a whole.
Researchers at Ruhr-University Bochum have determined the neutron charge radius from lightest atomic nuclei using a more direct methodology, differing significantly from previous calculations. The new result corrects the previously assumed value for the size of a neutron.
A team of researchers investigated electrode surfaces during charging and discharging using X-ray and neutron tomography methods. They found deformations, discontinuities, and areas with low electrolyte levels that affect battery performance. The analysis allows for the development of strategies to improve lithium battery design.
Astronomers will use transmission spectroscopy and phase curves to observe the atmospheres of seven rocky planets in the TRAPPIST-1 system. The goal is to determine if these planets have atmospheres and what they're made of, which could help find out if life as we know it could survive on these distant worlds.
An international team of astrophysicists has found evidence for 'frame-dragging', a phenomenon where the spinning of a celestial body twists space and time. The discovery confirms Einstein's theory of General Relativity and provides new insights into the behavior of white dwarfs and neutron stars.
A compact neutron resonance transmission analysis device can detect nuclear material in just one minute, reducing the need for kilometer-scale neutron beams. Researchers have optimized its design to minimize background interference, allowing for accurate detection of isotopes in various materials.
Researchers have created a new type of semiconductor neutron detector that boosts detection rates by reducing the number of steps involved in neutron capture and transduction. The LiInP2Se6 material converts neutrons into pairs of charged electrons and holes, generating a current directly detectable thermal neutrons.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new semiconductor neutron detector that can absorb thermal neutrons and generate electrical signals. The material is highly efficient, stable, and can be used in small, portable devices for field inspections or large detectors for national security applications.
Researchers have discovered that tidal effects from a close binary companion can cause a star to spin fast enough to launch material into space, forming a gamma-ray burst. This phenomenon is necessary for creating the most luminous events in the universe, observable from Earth when their jet of material is pointed directly at us.
Astronomers have cataloged signs of 9 heavy metals in supergiant and giant stars, allowing researchers to study the chemical composition and evolution of galaxies. By analyzing these elements, scientists can reconstruct the history of galaxies, including events like binary neutron star mergers that affected the Milky Way.
Researchers at USC Viterbi School of Engineering discovered how sea stars synchronize their motion through a global directionality command and localized responses to stimuli. This decentralized nervous system can inspire more efficient robotics systems with hierarchical learning and communication.
A Princeton-led team of astrophysicists has shown that WASP-12b, a 'hot Jupiter' exoplanet, is spiraling inward toward its host star due to tidal forces. This process converts the planet's orbital energy into heat within the star, causing it to dissipate rapidly.
LSU astronomers predict that binary star V Sagittae will become the brightest in the Milky Way galaxy, outshining Sirius and Venus, around 2083. The star is currently faintly visible but will brighten rapidly due to its rapid orbital decay.
NASA's Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has discovered its first Earth-size planet in its star's habitable zone, TOI 700 d. The planet orbits a small, cool M dwarf star located just over 100 light-years away and is thought to be rocky with surface temperatures suitable for liquid water.
Astronomers using TESS data have discovered that Alpha Draconis, a well-studied binary star system, regularly undergoes eclipses. The brief eclipses last only six hours and provide an opportunity to measure the masses and sizes of both stars with high accuracy.
The discovery of a faint gamma-ray 'halo' around Geminga, a nearby pulsar, may hold the solution to a long-standing mystery about the amount of antimatter in our neighborhood. The halo's size and energy suggest that it could be responsible for as much as 20% of high-energy positrons detected by NASA's Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer.
Researchers are exploring how cover crops can enhance the sustainability of star fruit farms in Florida. By incorporating cover crops like sunn hemp and velvet bean into their practices, farmers can improve soil organic matter and reduce the need for synthetic inputs.
The Institute for Advanced Study has been awarded a $1 million grant from Schmidt Futures to leverage advances in high-performance computing and deepen our understanding of cosmic phenomena, including neutron star mergers, star formation, and galaxy dynamics. The project aims to develop new numerical methods and tools to address challe...
Scientists have obtained precise measurements of a pulsar's size and mass, as well as the first-ever map of hot spots on its surface using NASA's NICER telescope. The new data reveals that pulsars are not simple objects with powerful magnetic fields, but rather complex systems with multiple hot spots.
Scientists have discovered a unique neutron star with an apparent magnetic field structure that manifests itself under specific angles relative to the observer. The study provides insight into the internal structure of the magnetic field, contradicting earlier assumptions and revealing new properties of neutron stars.
Astronomers have found evidence of a giant planet surrounding a small, dead white dwarf star, providing insight into the evolution of our own solar system. The discovery suggests that many other planets may be hiding in similar extreme environments.
Researchers detected tera-electron volt radiation in the afterglow of GRB 190114C, a gamma-ray burst from a dying star. This validated their predictions and provided new insights into the extreme environment of gamma-ray bursts.
Astronomers discovered ultrafast star S5-HVS1, ejected by supermassive black hole Sagittarius A* five million years ago. The star travels ten times faster than most stars in the Milky Way, with a speed of 6 million km/h.
Astronomers detected freshly made heavy element, strontium, in space after a neutron star merger, confirming the process by which it forms. This discovery provides a missing piece of the puzzle of chemical element formation and ties rapid neutron capture to neutron star mergers.
The Clin-STAR Coordinating Center, led by AFAR, will promote and enrich the career development of clinician-investigators across specialties and disciplines. The center aims to improve care for older adults through a multi-faceted national platform, leveraging the expertise of four principal investigators from Johns Hopkins, UCSF, Yale...
A giant exoplanet has been found orbiting a small star, GJ 3512, which is unusual because low-mass stars should have less material to form planets. The discovery was made using the Doppler technique and suggests the presence of another massive planet that may have been ejected from the system.
Astronomers discovered a giant Jupiter-like exoplanet orbiting a small red dwarf star, defying standard planet formation theories. The exoplanet, GJ 5312b, is nearly half as massive as Jupiter and orbits the tiny star with an eccentric 204-day orbit.
Researchers from MSU and TRIUMF observed a rare nuclear decay in beryllium-11, measuring low-kinetic-energy protons emitted after beta decay. The observation represents a new challenge for understanding exotic nuclei, particularly halo nuclei.
Researchers visualize dynamic water transport in soil and roots using neutron tomography, gaining insights into efficient water use in crop cultivation. The technique enables faster imaging, overcoming previous limitations to study rapid processes.
Researchers propose that Tabby's Star is experiencing long-term dimming due to a disk of debris from an exomoon accumulating around it, blocking its light. The exomoon's outer layers are being torn apart by stellar radiation, creating dust clouds that periodically pass between the star and Earth.
West Virginia University astronomers have detected the most massive neutron star ever measured, weighing 2.17 times that of the sun. This groundbreaking discovery was made possible through the Green Bank Telescope and sheds light on the mysteries surrounding these exotic celestial objects.
Astronomers using the Green Bank Telescope have discovered a millisecond pulsar with a massive neutron star at its center, packing 2.17 times the mass of our Sun into a sphere only 30 kilometers across. This finding approaches the limits of how massive and compact an object can become without crushing itself down into a black hole.
The high flux neutron generator produces boutique neutrons ideal for dating fine-grained rocks and analyzing evidence. The device expands the capability of dating materials like clay minerals associated with ore deposits.
A team led by Northwestern University has captured the deepest optical image of a first neutron star collision using NASA's Hubble Space Telescope. The study sheds light on the nature and origin of neutron star collisions, including the jet created during the merger and its relation to shorter gamma ray bursts.
Research from Washington State University reveals that hiring star employees alongside founders can stall product innovation efforts due to conflicting influences. The study advises start-ups to establish clear chain of command, hire experienced start-up employees, and adapt to change as the organization evolves.
The HADES experiment simulates electromagnetic radiation from colliding neutron stars, revealing temperatures of 800 billion degrees Celsius. The research provides insight into the cosmic kitchen for heavy nuclei fusion.
Scientists have studied the Vela Pulsar, a neutron star 1,000 light years away, to understand its behavior during a glitch. The team found that the star's spin increased before slowing down, providing a glimpse into its interior structure, which consists of three different components.
A newly discovered ancient star contains a record-low amount of iron, hinting at the nature of the first stars in the Universe. The ultra-metal-poor red giant star has iron levels 1.5 million times lower than that of the Sun.
Researchers confirm a 'hot Earth' exoplanet, GJ 357 b, and discover two additional worlds orbiting the same star, including one potentially habitable planet, GJ 357 d. The newly discovered planets are located in the habitable zone of their star, which receives about the same amount of stellar energy as Mars does from the Sun.
The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has discovered three new planets orbiting a nearby star, including one slightly larger than Earth. The planets' sizes and masses are unique, with two potentially similar to Neptune in our solar system, offering insights into planetary formation and evolution.
Researchers propose a new measurement technique to stabilize plasma in next-generation magnetic fusion devices. By combining Electron Cyclotron Emission data with high-neutron environment imaging, the system provides robust diagnostics for mapping and controlling plasma equilibrium.
Astronomers have developed a new method to measure the expansion of the Universe by analyzing neutron star mergers and gravitational waves. This technique uses the orientation of the gravitational wave signal to determine the distance, providing a new 'cosmic ruler' for measuring the Hubble Constant.
Astronomers have discovered a large amount of warm gas ejected in the Great Eruption of Eta Carinae, revealing an astonishingly different ultraviolet-light image. The newly revealed gas is important for understanding how the eruption began and could be used to study other stars and gaseous nebulas.
Researchers discover that some red giants contain less iron and more elements like magnesium and calcium, suggesting an ancient age. The study reveals that these stars may have merged with others during their transformation into red giants, explaining the apparent paradox.
AIXTRON's Neutron system enables roll-to-roll graphene production under ambient conditions, bringing costs down by two orders of magnitude. The CCS 2D system targets semiconductor applications, offering large-scale production of graphene on insulating wafers.
New research suggests that most of Earth's heavy elements, including gold and platinum, were spewed from collapsars, a rare type of star explosion. This finding challenges the widely held belief that these elements come from collisions between neutron stars or black holes.
A new study by Johns Hopkins researchers found that five-star hospitals offer fewer services compared to non-five star hospitals. Five-star hospitals are less likely to have emergency departments, intensive care units, and other specialized services.
Astronomers discover that a violent neutron star collision near the solar system created 0.3% of Earth's heaviest elements, such as gold and platinum, 4.6 billion years ago. This cosmic event is believed to have occurred in our neighborhood, about 1000 light years from the cradle of Earth.