A massive 85-foot-long and 65-ton dinosaur, Dreadnoughtus schrani, has been discovered with the most complete skeleton ever found of its type. The fossil offers an unprecedented window into the anatomy and biomechanics of this giant animal.
The largest land animal for which mass can be accurately calculated, Dreadnoughtus measures 85 feet in length and is estimated to weigh around 65 tons. Its nearly complete skeleton provides unprecedented insights into the anatomy and biomechanics of massive animals that once roamed Earth.
Research found ginsenoside Rb1 enhances PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways, promoting neuronal survival and neurite growth in the hippocampus. The study suggests potential anti-dementia effects of ginsenoside Rb1 in Alzheimer's disease.
A new 3D printed anatomy kit developed by Monash University's Centre for Human Anatomy Education is set to transform medical education and training. The kit contains detailed body parts produced through 3D printing, allowing for cost-effective and accessible anatomical knowledge.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine will study how breast cancer cells move and spread in the body. They aim to develop a test that predicts which breast cancer tumors will metastasize, based on the presence of a trio of cells called a tumor microenvironment of metastasis.
The NIH 3D Print Exchange provides freely available files for custom laboratory equipment, bacterial models, and human anatomy prints, enabling medical research and innovation. The platform also features video tutorials and a discussion forum to promote collaboration and advance science.
Researchers can conduct five different imaging studies in one scan with the Opti-SPECT/PET/CT system, providing comprehensive data on anatomy and physiological processes. The device allows for minimally invasive studies with a single dose of anesthesia, enabling scientists to develop new drug discovery methods.
A new fluorescent protein biosensor reveals the activation of Rac1 inside cancer cells during invadopodia formation, showing its role in controlling the invasion and spread of cancer cells. The study provides insights into the signaling mechanism that regulates cancer cell invasion and offers potential targets for developing treatments.
Researchers developed 3D models of an ant's neck anatomy to study its biomechanics and determine the relationship between mechanical function, structural design, and material properties. The results revealed that the ant's neck joint can withstand loads of up to 5,000 times its body weight.
The American Association of Anatomists announced its 2014 award winners, including Jeffrey Laitman for his work in human anatomy education and Drew Noden for his scientific achievements. The winners will receive medals, plaques, and honorariums, as well as opportunities to present lectures at the 2014 Annual Meeting at Experimental Bio...
A newly discovered 305-million-year-old fossil fills in the evolutionary tree for primitive harvestmen, providing evidence that they once had two pairs of eyes. This rare find allows scientists to study the anatomy of ancient arachnids in unprecedented detail.
Researchers at Fox Chase Cancer Center have uncovered new insights into the genetic mechanisms that protect against breast cancer during pregnancy. By analyzing the genetic activity of women who had and had not given birth, scientists identified differences in gene expression related to cell differentiation and breast anatomy development.
Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates damage to cerebral cortex neurons by downregulating nitric oxide, superoxide, and tumor necrosis factor-α expression in hypoxia-activated microglia. The study suggests that ginsenoside Rb1 is a promising candidate for clinical use in preventing neuronal degeneration following cerebral ischemia.
A team of researchers demonstrates new algorithmic technologies for parametric representation of human shape and form, enabling tracking of soft-tissue deformations in various medical conditions. The software algorithms provide tools for synchronizing structural and functional information across anatomical scales.
A new method for assessing individual thermal comfort has been developed by VTT, considering factors such as gender, age, body mass index, and muscularity. The method finds that women feel the cold more than men due to their lower muscle tissue, which produces heat at a lower rate.
The James Webb Space Telescope features a primary mirror composed of 18 smaller lightweight mirror segments, each with precise actuators to align and shape the mirror. The segments are designed to work together as one giant mirror, capturing light from distant galaxies and stars in space.
The extinct California porpoise, Semirostrum ceruttii, had a distinctive underbite with an extended lower jaw and innervated jaws, likely used for probing prey. The species' anatomy suggests adaptations to its environment, including poor eyesight and sensitive lower jaw used for echolocation and feeding.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine developed a mouse model with fluorescently tagged beta-actin mRNA, allowing them to observe the molecular processes that culminate in memories. The study revealed a novel mechanism by which brain neurons control the synthesis of beta-actin protein.
A 1.4 million-year-old fossil hand bone from East Africa has revealed a modern human-like hand anatomy, bridging the evolutionary gap between humans and their nonhuman primate ancestors. The discovery indicates that early humans possessed dexterous hands capable of precise tool use.
A new fossil species, Niassodon mfumukasi, has been discovered in Mozambique, providing new data on the evolution of ancient mammal relatives. The fossil, dated to approximately 256 million years ago, belongs to a group of synapsids that dominated land communities during the Late Permian period.
A study published in Cerebral Cortex found that mice raised without a father exhibited impaired social behavior, increased aggression, and altered brain anatomy. The findings suggest that paternal presence during critical growth periods is essential for healthy child development.
A team of researchers identified the TBC1D20 gene as responsible for Warburg Micro syndrome, a rare genetic disorder characterized by severe physical and mental impairments. The study found that five distinct mutations in the gene cause the disease, with implications for understanding human development and related disorders.
Extensive musical training affects brain structure and function, particularly when started before age 7. Research suggests that musical improvisation can rewire the brain, fostering plasticity and enhancing creativity, cognition, and learning.
Researchers at KU Leuven discover a previously unknown ligament in the human knee called the anterolateral ligament (ALL), present in 97% of human knees. The ALL ligament is implicated in pivot shift episodes, a common issue for patients with ACL tears.
Researchers found that thicker leaves have larger cells in all tissues except vascular tissue, and cell walls are proportionally thicker. The team developed new mathematical equations to predict internal anatomy from leaf thickness, providing insights into leaf function and design.
A UCLA study has identified a biological clock embedded in the human genome that can accurately measure the age of diverse organs, tissues, and cell types. The clock found that some parts of the anatomy, like breast tissue, age faster than the rest of the body.
Researchers found that brain asymmetry remains constant over time, despite expectations of increased myelin development in left hemisphere regions. The study highlights the importance of environment during critical periods for language acquisition.
Research suggests that prenatal alcohol exposure can lead to fetal alcohol syndrome by affecting the production of ceramide, a key signal transduction molecule involved in cellular processes. This study provides insights into the mechanisms underlying fetal alcohol syndrome.
Researchers have developed a tri-linear interpolation algorithm for accurate white matter fiber tracking, resulting in longer tracked fibers with smoother orientations. This method achieved reliable tracking results that aligned with actual brain anatomy and disease conditions.
Researchers have developed an animal model to simulate the pathological process of Alzheimer's disease, focusing on the locus coeruleus. This study shows that degenerative alterations in noradrenergic neurons of the locus coeruleus are consistent with pathological changes observed in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
A recent study using DNA barcodes identified two distinct species of diamondback moths in Australia, one of which is the well-known pest and the other a newly discovered species named Plutella australiana. The discovery highlights the complexity of this global pest and its ability to evolve resistance to control methods.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine developed a 3D computer model that analyzes a child's unique anatomy and pinpoints the best location for a defibrillator before implantation. The virtual heart model predicts optimal device placement in children with tiny or malformed hearts, reducing repeat procedures.
A new study by a University of Missouri scientist has developed 3D computer modeling that complements the study of biological systems for many species. The technology allows for the creation of interactive models that can be shared with other laboratories or used in the classroom, providing an alternative to accessing donor bodies.
A new study suggests that people with migraine are more likely to have an incomplete circle of Willis, which may contribute to abnormal cerebral blood flow and trigger migraines. The research found that variations in arterial anatomy lead to asymmetries in blood flow, and abnormalities were most prominent in the back of the brain.
Researchers found that marijuana use in adolescence can lead to impaired cognitive abilities and abnormal brain activity, persisting into adulthood. The study suggests a critical period of development during adolescence where marijuana exposure can have lasting effects on brain function and cognition.
A team of UCSF researchers discovered a sensory system in the foreleg of fruit flies that tells males whether a potential mate is from the same or different species. The Gr32a system prevents hybrids from forming, helping species preserve its identity.
Radiology residents primarily use iPads as educational tools, with limited impact on daily clinical duties. Only 12% used iPads to sign dictated reports, and most had not used them for viewing radiologic examinations.
Researchers at the University of Illinois at Chicago discovered that genetic mutations associated with inherited ALS can cause delays in nutrient and protein transport within nerve cells. This slowdown can lead to cell death, contributing to the neurodegenerative disorder.
A new software toolkit combines deformable anthropomorphic models with precision dosimetry to determine the most effective cancer-killing dose for every patient. This approach enables personalized radionuclide drug therapies, leading to improved outcomes and better survival rates.
A study reveals why Puerto Rican lizards don't rapidly extend their dewlaps like Jamaican cousins, instead using alternative strategies to enhance detection of displays. The research shows the island's species lacks physiology for rapid movement, relying on tailoring speed and duration of displays to match forest conditions.
Researchers studied 150-million-year-old dinosaur fossils to reconstruct their brain and inner ear anatomy. The study found that the brain underwent significant changes during growth, with important parts for hearing and cognitive processes already well-developed in young dinosaurs.
Research finds significant differences in brain anatomy between males, females, and individuals with dyslexia. The study suggests that dyslexia may manifest differently in each sex, affecting language and sensory processing.
A University of Missouri expert analyzed the pelvis fragments of an early hominid fossil, revealing insights into the evolution of modern great apes. The study suggests that the ape's wider pelvis indicates greater lateral balance and stability, while its distinct finger bones indicate a different evolutionary path than initially thought.
Dr. Lawrence Witmer's Visible Interactive Dinosaur (VID) project aims to digitally recreate the tissues stripped away by time, creating the most realistic dinosaur renderings. The project has dual purpose of helping paleontologists and educating the public about physiology and anatomy.
Biologist Luis Vidali will explore how components of a cell's internal anatomy organize themselves to grow in a single direction, critical for vital functions in animals, plants, and fungi. He will use genetic techniques, advanced microscopy, and computer simulations to compile a complete picture of the mechanisms involved.
Researchers are working on a technique that can help identify and treat cancer tumors using manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI). The goal is to guide and individualize treatment based on the presence of specific calcium channels in tumors.
Researchers use CT scans to recreate detailed 3D models of human hearts, enabling the study of cardiac anatomy and function. This digital library can aid in the design of cardiac devices and improve treatment outcomes.
Researchers publish six papers detailing the anatomy of Au. Sediba, a 2-million-year-old early human ancestral remains. The study provides detailed insights into its movement patterns, dental morphology, and phylogenetic position, offering new perspectives on hominin evolution.
Researchers at Albert Einstein College of Medicine have discovered how the most common genetic mutations in familial Parkinson's disease damage brain cells. The study found that abnormal LRRK2 protein disrupts a 'garbage-disposal' process, leading to toxic levels of alpha-synuclein and neuronal death.
A Georgia Tech student analyzed 60 years of Academy Awards acceptance speeches to identify patterns and trends, including the anatomy of a typical speech and the frequency of certain phrases. She found that nearly every speech closes with 'thank you,' but only half of winners use the iconic phrase.
Researchers from Carnegie Museum of Natural History joined an international collaboration to create the most complete picture yet of placental mammals' evolution. The study combined molecular and morphological data on over 83 species, revealing new insights into their ancestry and shedding light on extinct species.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins Medicine discovered four major adaptations in owl anatomy that enable them to rotate their heads almost fully without damaging delicate blood vessels. The team found contractile blood reservoirs and vascular network variations that allow owls to pool blood to meet energy needs during head rotation.
A team of researchers has discovered a significant mutation in a LINC family protein that could lead to new treatments for hearing disorders. The mutation causes chaos in the cell's anatomy, leading to devastating effects on cells responsible for hearing.
A new 'scarecrow' gene has been found that controls a unique leaf structure, leading to more efficient photosynthesis. This discovery could lead to new varieties of staple crops with significantly higher yields through genetic engineering.
A study published in Brain and Language found that the anatomy of certain brain areas in infants can predict their language abilities at 1 year old. Infants with greater gray and white matter in the cerebellum and hippocampus showed improved language skills.
Jonathan Wisco, associate professor at Brigham Young University and UCLA, receives the Basmajian Award for his outstanding contributions to teaching and research in anatomy. He has increased teaching responsibilities and established a laboratory to support translational anatomy research.
A study by Brown University biologists found that the PACMAD clade of grasses developed an anatomical predisposition to C4 photosynthesis due to evolutionary pressures. The clade's bundle sheath cells became larger, facilitating more efficient CO2 transfer when temperatures rise or plants become stressed.
Researchers found that therizinosaurs had well-developed sensory abilities, including smell, hearing, and balance, which may have affected their behavior as herbivores. The study used high-resolution CT scanning and 3D computer visualization to analyze the brain and inner ear anatomy of a 90-million-year-old therizinosaur fossil.
A University of Utah study suggests human hands evolved not only for manual dexterity but also for making fists and fighting. The research found that human fists provide a performance advantage in punching, with increased force delivery and protection for delicate hand bones during combat. This evolution may have been driven by selecti...
Researchers have identified previously unseen anatomy preserved in fossils using synchrotron-based imaging techniques. The study reveals that a 50 million-year-old lizard skin contains teeth, changing the understanding of this fossil animal.