A prospective cohort study found that individuals who accumulate their daily steps in longer bouts have a lower risk of mortality and cardiovascular disease. In sedentary participants, the association between longer stepping bouts and lower risk was more pronounced.
A surveillance study found that cancer incidence rates for 13 types of cancer rose in both younger and older adults worldwide, with increases related to obesity. This analysis suggests that research priorities should consider cancer types seen rising in both age groups.
The recombinant shingles vaccine achieved over 50% effectiveness against any herpes zoster outcome in both older and immunocompromised adults. The study suggests individuals previously vaccinated with live zoster should be revaccinated with two doses of RZV to maintain protection.
A nationwide study finds increased physician attrition rates in psychiatry, primary care, and obstetrics and gynecology specialties. Female physicians, rural practitioners, and those outside the Northeast region are at higher risk of clinical attrition.
A prospective cohort study found an AI tool accurately assesses body composition from routine MRI, identifying patients at high cardiometabolic risk. Associations were strongest with visceral adipose tissue proportion and skeletal muscle fat fraction.
Private equity hospitals reduce staffing, leading to increased patient transfers, shortened ICU stays, and higher ED mortality. This results in decreased capacity to deliver care, with reduced salary expenditures per bed day for emergency departments and ICUs.
A study found that tirzepatide is more cost-effective than semaglutide for treating knee osteoarthritis and obesity. Tirzepatide offered a more favorable return on investment, making it the better choice for patients.
A population-based study found that CT radiation exposure before conception may increase the risk of spontaneous pregnancy loss and congenital anomalies. Women with prior CT scans were more likely to experience miscarriages, ectopic pregnancies, or stillbirths, as well as birth defects in their offspring.
A randomized controlled trial found that personalized risk messages failed to increase colorectal cancer screening participation. Despite the lack of improvement, researchers emphasize the importance of continued research and potential improvements for uptake, effectiveness, and efficiency of CRC screening.
A systematic review found that high-concentration delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) cannabis products are linked to unfavorable mental health outcomes, including psychosis and schizophrenia. The review of 99 studies suggests that higher THC concentrations increase the risk for adverse mental health effects.
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that weight loss interventions before IVF increased unassisted pregnancy rates, while the effect on live births was unclear. Weight loss interventions studied included low-energy diets, exercise programs, and pharmacotherapy.
A phase 3 study found canagliflozin significantly reduced HbA1c levels in children with type 2 diabetes, outperforming placebo. The medication also showed a favorable safety profile, with minimal risk of hypoglycemic events.
A prospective observational cohort study found that people with economic instability and food insecurity were at greater risk for long COVID. The results suggest policy efforts are essential to address the disparities exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
A prospective cohort study found that weekend warriors and regular activity patterns reduced risks for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among adults with diabetes, demonstrating the importance of any physical activity. The study also compared GLP-1RAs and DPP4is in dementia risk among older adults with diabetes and found no clear...
A nationwide Danish cohort study found no evidence linking cumulative aluminum exposure from early childhood vaccination to autoimmune, atopic, or neurodevelopmental disorders. The study followed over 1.2 million children and used national health registries to track their aluminum exposure and chronic disorder development.
A randomized controlled trial found that vaporized nicotine products were more effective than nicotine replacement therapies for smoking cessation in a low socioeconomic status population. The study suggests that Vapes may have a critical role in promoting smoking abstinence among this disproportionately affected group.
A new framework for defining obesity may reclassify 1 in 5 overweight US adults as obese, but surprisingly shows similar mortality risk to those with normal weight. The study found that larger waist circumference at greater risk for death among postmenopausal women across all BMI categories.
The study found a striking increase in obesity among US children and adolescents between 2011 and 2023, with the highest prevalence among Black youth. The overall prevalence of obesity increased from 20.3% to 22.0% during this period.
A study found that customized AI chatbots can generate health disinformation, including fake references and scientific jargon. Researchers evaluated five foundational large language models and discovered that four of them consistently provided incorrect responses to health queries.
A new study found a sharp increase in appendix cancer incidence rates for those born after 1945, particularly among Generation X and Millennials. The researchers estimated age-specific incidence rates of appendiceal adenocarcinoma per 100,000 persons between 1975 and 2019.
A randomized controlled trial found similar neurocognitive outcomes after noncardiac surgery with either a hypotension-avoidance or hypertension-avoidance strategy. The study of 2,603 patients showed no significant difference in postoperative delirium and one-year cognitive decline between the two groups.
The US Department of Health and Human Services Panel has recommended moderate-intensity statin therapy as the primary prevention among adults with HIV aged 40-75 years with low to intermediate 10-year atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk. For those with a 10-year ASCVD risk score of 5% or higher, statin therapy is strong...
A systematic review and meta-analysis found that calorie restrictive and low-fat diets may reduce depression symptoms in those with high cardiometabolic risk. However, the evidence is limited, and researchers recommend further exploration of dietary interventions alongside first-line treatment for depression and/or anxiety.
Research finds that multitarget stool DNA tests have higher sensitivity than FIT, but are not as cost-effective for early detection of colorectal cancer. Costs per detected advanced neoplasia case or early-detected CRC case are 7- to 9-fold higher for MSDT-based and N-G MSDT-based screening.
The updated CDC HIV Non-Occupational Post Exposure Prophylaxis (nPEP) Guidelines aim to streamline medical practice and prevent new HIV infections. New guidelines include streamlined assessment factors, preferred nPEP regimens, and faster treatment initiation within 24 hours.
A new study found that age-, sex-, and race-specific standards could reclassify many thyroid disease diagnoses, with nearly half of subclinical hypothyroid cases being over-diagnosed. The study suggests using these standards to establish more accurate reference intervals for thyroid disease.
A longitudinal cohort study found that military sexual trauma is associated with an increased risk of suicide attempt and death by drug overdose, especially among those with post-traumatic stress disorder. The study highlights the need for policies to reduce sexual trauma in the military.
A multisource observational study found psilocybin use increased across all age groups, with those having mental or physical comorbidities being the most common users. Psilocybin exposure rates reported to U.S. poison centers increased significantly among adults and children.
A cross-sectional analysis found firearm injury-related ED visits occurring approximately every 30 minutes between 2018 and 2023. Rates were highest during evenings, weekends, holidays, and summer months. Temporal patterns may inform health care staffing and emergency preparedness to reduce mortality rates.
An analysis of differential coding patterns between Medicare Advantage (MA) and Traditional Medicare (TM) plans estimated that MA plans received an estimated $33 billion in additional revenue due to coding differences. The study found that UnitedHealth Group received the most additional revenue, with a $1,863 increase per member.
Researchers discuss AI-driven clinical recommendations, switching GLP1-RAs for better glucose control, and ACP's best practice advice on cannabis use for noncancer pain. Studies show improved outcomes with AI-assisted virtual urgent care visits and switching to tirzepatide for type 2 diabetes.
A study found that AI recommendations were rated as superior to physicians' decisions in real-life clinical settings, with lower risk for potential harm. The AI system uses modeling to calculate probabilities and derives treatment plans based on medical guidelines, complementing human physician discernment.
The American College of Physicians issues Best Practice Advice for managing chronic noncancer pain with cannabis or cannabinoids. For most patients, common treatments should be recommended first due to limited evidence and known harms associated with cannabis and cannabinoid products.
The American College of Physicians has awarded $260,000 in grants to support regional programs addressing equity challenges in obesity care. Thirteen grantees will implement collaborative outreach projects to train medical professionals and their patients to combat misinformation and improve clinical capacity for obesity care.
A randomized clinical trial found that 4:3 intermittent fasting resulted in modestly greater weight loss over 12 months compared to daily caloric restriction. The study showed improved cardiometabolic outcomes, including lower blood pressure and cholesterol levels, suggesting that fasting may be a more effective approach for weight loss.
A population-based surveillance study found that Black infants and children consistently have double the risk for death compared to Whites. The study analyzed data from 1950 to 2019 and estimated excess mortality burden on Black Americans compared to White Americans.
The American College of Physicians (ACP) has developed new recommendations for the treatment of acute episodic migraines in nonpregnant adults. The guideline prioritizes the use of combination therapy, including a triptan with an NSAID or acetaminophen, to reduce harms and improve outcomes. Migraine remains underdiagnosed and undertrea...
A cross-sectional study of Ugandan adults with and without HIV found the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis disease to be much lower than expected in similar populations in the Global North. The study's results refute prior notions that well-controlled HIV infection is associated with increased CAD risk.
The American College of Physicians updates its guidelines recommending SGLT2 inhibitors for chronic kidney disease (CKD) management, regardless of diabetes type. The new guidelines emphasize the importance of tailored care and suggest individualized risk-based approaches to predict kidney failure.
A survey of 22,864 adults found that people with disabilities were more likely to report negative experiences with their healthcare provider's cultural responsiveness. The study highlights the need for future research on how adverse healthcare experiences affect health outcomes for patients with disabilities.
A study found that GLP-1RAs may have a modest effect on depression risk compared to DPP4is, but not SGLT-2is in older adults with diabetes. Researchers used Medicare claims data from 2013 to 2020 and found slightly higher HgbA1c levels in MA beneficiaries, suggesting possible differences in disease management.
A systematic review found no moderate-to-high level evidence that compliance with the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services' (CMS) Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock Management Bundle was associated with improved sepsis mortality. The study suggests reconsidering the inclusion of the bundle in the Hospital Value-Based Purchasing program.
A systematic review found that therapeutic-dose apixaban and dabigatran have bleeding risks comparable to low-dose aspirin, while rivaroxaban has higher rates of major bleeding. The study aims to help clinicians balance anticoagulant benefits with bleeding risks for patients with atrial fibrillation.
The American College of Physicians recommends preventing episodic migraines with monotherapy, including beta-adrenergic blockers and antiseizure medications. However, a comparative effectiveness systematic review found no significant differences in clinical net benefit among treatments.
Researchers found that taking blood pressure in public or noisy settings does not affect reading. The study supports the implementation of mass hypertension-screening programs in public settings. Bariatric surgery with sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass both substantially lower healthcare expenses for patients with diabetes, with to...
A systematic review found that genomic classifier tests can influence risk classifications and treatment decisions for patients with localized prostate cancer, but more research is needed to understand their cost-effectiveness and impact on racial groups. The tests may lead to more conservative management options, such as active survei...
A cross-sectional study found that American Indian/Alaska Native populations are significantly farther away from lung cancer screening centers than non-Hispanic White populations. The researchers recommend increasing access to lung cancer services through mobile units and imaging locations to address these disparities.
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials found GLP-1 RAs and co-agonists to be effective for weight loss in adults with obesity, including promising options not yet FDA-approved. The study also showed similar safety profiles across agents, with mild gastrointestinal side effects being the most common.
A retrospective observational study found that billing patients for portal messages slightly decreased the volume of patient-initiated messages. The results suggest that this approach could help reduce provider burnout by decreasing the burden of portal messages.
Researchers found that defects in the planar cell polarity pathway play a significant role in the pathogenesis of yellow nail syndrome (YNS). The study identified the CELSR1 gene as a principal candidate disease-causing gene with autosomal recessive inheritance.