Researchers discovered that genetic duplication of genes is crucial for the formation of symbiotic structures between nitrogen-fixing bacteria and legumes. This discovery has potential to engineer other plant species to fix nitrogen directly, reducing dependence on manure and synthetic fertilizer.
Researchers found that SEUSS condensates rapidly form upon hyperosmotic stress, enabling Arabidopsis to tolerate salt and drought. Loss of SEU dramatically compromises stress-tolerance gene expression.
The study reveals two neuron subgroups in NAc: NAc BLA and NAc PVT. These neurons regulate reward-seeking behavior and aversion, respectively. The findings provide insight into the brain's reward and aversion processing.
Scientists developed a method to control the synthesis of single-atom catalysts, enabling the creation of bimetallic Fe-Co electrocatalysts with desired properties. These catalysts showed superior ammonia yield rates and faradaic efficiency under electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction reaction conditions.
Researchers from Chinese Academy of Sciences reveal the secret of ultra-slow motion in pine cones, attributing it to unique microtube structures that drive scale movement with humidity changes. They develop mimicking actuators enabling unperceivable motion, two orders of magnitude slower than other reported actuators.
A new strategy has been developed to inhibit creep in metals by creating stable grain boundary networks. This approach enhances creep resistance, outperforming conventional superalloys. The research aims to improve high-temperature creep resistance in advanced alloys for industries such as energy and chemical processing.
The Tianma 65-m radio telescope helped detect over 600 emission lines in the Orion Kleinmann–Low Nebula, including 21 new species. High-Δn RRLs and complex organic molecules like NH3 were also identified, providing valuable insights into the region's physical and chemical properties.
Researchers developed a new approach to fabricate multilayered ceramic membranes with ceria-based thin-film for stable hydrogen production. The interface-reaction-induced reassembly method resulted in highly dense and adherent layers with reduced ionic transport resistance, enabling long durability (>1000 hours) in practical conditions.
Scientists have established a physical model of Berry-curvature-dominated linear positive magnetoresistance (LPMR) in topological materials, providing experimental evidence for the mechanism. The study used cobalt disulfide as a material candidate and proposed temperature-dependent equations that fit previously reported data.
A new study reveals that protected areas of natural and seminatural vegetation effectively cool the land surface temperature, providing a thermal buffer against climate change. This helps to protect species in the wild from episodes of extreme heat and moderates biotic responses to macroclimate warming.
Researchers developed a single-cell Raman-based tool to efficiently mine live functional microbes from nature, eliminating the need for traditional culturing methods. This technique, called scRACS-Culture, allows for the direct screening and cultivation of cells with specific metabolic functions.
Researchers extracted oxygen isotopes to study recent climate changes in the Third Pole region. The analysis revealed dramatic shifts in climate over the past 12,000 years, likely driven by population growth and agricultural development.
The researchers designed a chemical system inspired by soil that can respond to external stimuli and modulate gut microbiota abundance and dysregulated microbes. This system shows promise for treating gastrointestinal disorders and may have implications for human health and agro-ecosystems.
A novel synthetic energy system supports yeast cell growth and produces highly reduced chemicals, achieving high yields of biofuels. The system's reductive metabolism enables efficient energy production, overcoming stoichiometric constraints and outperforming natural metabolic processes.
Researchers identified carbon-dioxide-fixing cells from seawater and used Raman-spectroscopy to determine that they engage in photosynthesis. The study reveals that uncultured Pelagibacter spp., one of the most abundant SAR11 marine bacteria, can use light-powered metabolism for CO2 fixation in seawater.
Researchers found that mantle melting-point depression due to fusible components could generate young lunar volcanism. The Chang'E-5 samples, returned in 2020, revealed surprisingly young volcanic activity only 2 billion years old, contradicting the long-held assumption that the Moon has been geologically dead since then.
A team of researchers using the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) has discovered a massive atomic gas structure, approximately 2 million light years in length, surrounding the compact group of galaxies Stephan's Quintet. This finding challenges current theories on galaxy-group formation and evolution.
A new strategy for treating rheumatoid arthritis has been proposed, integrating small interfering RNAs and Prussian blue nanoparticles to silence proinflammatory cytokines and scavenge reactive oxygen species. The approach was tested in a mouse model, showing improved therapeutic efficacy and real-time monitoring capabilities.
The Chang'E-5 mission returned samples that revealed a previously unknown iron-rich and high-calcium surface of basalts, challenging previous assumptions about the lunar geology community. The samples were primarily composed of pyroxene, contradicting earlier studies that indicated a high abundance of olivine.
Researchers identified PtpB as a key effector that inhibits inflammasome-pyroptosis pathways in Mtb. The phosphatase activity of PtpB targets and dephosphorylates host membrane phospholipids, preventing GSDMD-mediated immune responses and promoting pathogen survival.
Scientists have revealed the complex mechanisms behind charge transfer in photocatalyst particles, providing insights into designing more efficient photocatalysts. The research used multiple techniques to map the spatiotemporal evolution of charge transfers, showing that built-in electric fields and defects can aid in charge separation.
Researchers created a new approach to predict genomic information in plant breeding, allowing for more diverse crop varieties. The strategy led to plants that outyielded current wheat varieties in multiple field trials, offering potential solutions to crop disease evolution and climate change.
A research group has developed an innovative methodology to quantify the electrochemical reversibility of a lithium metal anode in practical lithium battery systems. The method enables the precise quantification of active and inactive lithium, allowing for a better understanding of the degradation and failure of Li metal batteries.
A new single-cell functional tool has been developed to screen and sequence active antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in native soils. The study found that the percentage and activity of ARB in soils were elevated with human activity, highlighting the need for control technologies.
A study found that Synechococcus and heterotrophic bacteria have an inherent tendency toward mutualism, which can be re-established after environmental interference. The researchers discovered that the bacteria facilitated nitrogen fixation, converting nitrogen for use in buoying the phytoplankton.
Researchers using FAST monitored FRB 20201124A for two months, detecting nearly 2,000 radio bursts with polarization information. The study reveals a complex, dynamically evolving magnetized environment surrounding the FRB source, with features such as irregular Faraday rotation and oscillations in polarization.
A team of scientists uncovered fossilized remains of galeaspids, a type of jawless fish that breathed new life into the long-standing fin and limb evolutionary hypothesis. The fossils revealed paired fins extending from head to tail, contradicting previous assumptions of their absence.
The discovery of complete early Silurian jawed fishes is a significant finding that sheds light on the origin of jaws in vertebrates. The two species, Xiushanosteus mirabilis and Shenacanthus vermiformis, have revealed key features about their body shape, form, and evolution.
The discovery of fossil repositories in early Silurian strata sheds light on the rise of jawed vertebrates and fills gaps in the evolution of 'from fish to human'. Fossilized fishes from southwestern China provide a unique window into the proliferating 'dawn of fishes' around 440 million years ago.
Scientists have directly measured the cross section of a crucial stellar neutron source reaction, resolving long-standing discrepancies. The study provides accurate data for understanding the origin and abundance of elements heavier than iron in the universe.
Scientists have discovered 439-million-year-old remains of a toothed fish in China that suggest the origins of modern osteichthyans and chondrichthyans. The fossils, named Qianodus duplicis, possessed spiral-like dental elements with multiple generations of teeth.
A team of researchers has discovered a 439-million-year-old ancient 'shark' that predates the earliest jawed fish and is believed to be humans' oldest jawed ancestor. The fossil, named Fanjingshania, features an external bony armor and multiple pairs of fin spines.
A research team has identified the transporters responsible for sugar uptake in Clostridium thermocellum, a key industrial microorganism. The study found that transporter B is used to take up cellodextrins derived from cellulose, while transporter A is used for glucose uptake.
Researchers used Raman spectroscopy to identify and analyze Escherichia coli persister cells, finding they have enhanced metabolic activities despite being in a dormant state. This new understanding could lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies.
A magnetic field enhances the production of synthetic biogas from agricultural waste by promoting cell proliferation and glycolysis. The study found a 44.71% increase in methane production with a specific concentration of TiO2-FNi and magnetic field.
Research reveals that tree species diversity enhances drought resistance in nearly half of the world's forests, with a greater impact on dry and drought-prone regions. The study suggests that restoring tree species diversity could increase drought resistance by up to 3.2% in global plantation forests.
Researchers found evidence of declining dinosaur diversity in central China, with only three species of eggs and low number of dinosaurs for the last 2 million years. This decline may have been caused by global climate fluctuations and massive volcanic eruptions.
Researchers discover two specific enzymes that assemble medium-chain fatty acids in marine microalgae Nannochloropsis oceanica, elevating MCT production and enabling customizable oils. The study paves the way for engineering industrial microalgae into efficient sustainable feedstock.
Researchers have developed a novel smart material that enables high-performance and reliable light control of droplets. The material, which consists of micro-size liquid metal particles, polyvinylidene fluoride trifluoroethylene copolymer, and micro-pyramidal structures, exhibits superior photothermal and ferroelectric properties.
A research team has revealed the details of magnetic reconnection between a solar filament and an emerging field, leading to its partial eruption. The study shows that plasmoid instabilities occur during reconnection, suggesting other parameters are also crucial for triggering filament eruptions.
Exosomes have been identified as possible vehicles for virus transmission, and a recent study found that the saliva protein exportin 6 plays a crucial role in this process. The researchers isolated exosomes from the saliva of insect vectors and showed that they can transport plant virions into rice plants.
A recent study published in Science Advances reveals a correlation between genomic attributes and life history traits in Neoavian birds. The researchers found that generation time and body mass are associated with the length of orthologous microsatellites, transposable elements, and DNA deletions.
A Chinese research group found that China's natural climate solutions (NCS) can counterbalance 11-12% of industrial CO2 emissions by 2030. The study quantified NCS pathways, including conservation, restoration, and improved forest management, and estimated their contribution to climate change mitigation.
A new study reveals two preserved slabs in the upper mantle beneath Myanmar, strongly supporting the double subduction model. The findings provide convincing geoscientific evidence to consolidate this model, which explains anomalously fast India-Asian convergence.
Researchers have created a new slippery surface, LICS, that can rapidly generate surface charges and regenerate its state upon exposure to near-infrared radiation. This allows for precise control over droplet manipulation in various applications, including biomedical domains.
Researchers successfully produced mice with novel and sustainable karyotypes, mimicking evolutionary changes on a million-year scale. Chromosome-level engineering enables insight into how rearrangements influence evolution and potentially correct misaligned chromosomes.
Researchers have discovered that metallic glasses contain liquid-like atoms with dynamics similar to high-temperature liquids. These findings reveal a 'part-solid and part-liquid' nature of metallic glasses, which can affect their elasticity, strength, and ductility.
A recent study estimates that climate change will lead to higher global wheat prices and increased economic inequality between exporting and importing countries. The researchers used a novel climate-wheat-economic ensemble modelling approach to analyze the impact of a 2℃ warmer world on global wheat supply and demand.
Researchers studied 28 clades with 1,437 species in subtropical East Asian caves to understand biotic colonization. They found that climate changes and forest evolution drove colonization over time.
Researchers have discovered a new millisecond pulsar in the globular cluster NGC 6397, shedding light on the apparent overabundance of isolated pulsars. The newly found pulsar, PSR J1740-5340B, has a faint radio signal and extended quiescent periods, suggesting it may be representative of a subgroup of hard-to-detect binary pulsars.