A study published in Pediatrics found that children are underrepresented in clinical trials, with fewer than 5% of trials enrolling kids under 18. This lack of representation can lead to a shortage of data on pediatric therapies and dosages, affecting treatment decisions.
Researchers describe experiments exploring multi-drug tolerance, a phenomenon that allows bacteria to outwit antibiotics. By analyzing HipA protein's structure and biochemical components, they gained insight into how this mechanism enables bacterial dormancy.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a policy to manage drug shortages in hospitals, prioritizing patients based on clinical need and effectiveness. The policy establishes clear rules for apportioning scarce drugs, ensuring fairness and minimizing waste.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered a molecule necessary for producing nylon using genetic changes found in cancer tumors. This breakthrough enables environmentally friendly adipic acid production from cheap sugars.
Researchers found that African-Americans are less likely to adopt the DASH diet due to cultural differences, but altering traditional recipes can improve adherence. Significant reductions in blood pressure were seen among participants who followed the DASH diet, especially when combined with exercise and weight loss.
Scientists at Duke University found that regions of the brain involved in planning and controlling complex vocal sequences are also necessary for memorizing sounds used in vocal imitation. This finding has broader implications for diagnosing and treating human developmental disorders.
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center found that breast milk fosters colonies of microbiotic flora in a newborn's intestinal tract, while infant formulas do not. This unique property of breast milk aids nutrient absorption and immune system development, suggesting potential approaches for developing substitutes.
A new study found no significant difference between prasugrel and clopidogrel in preventing death, heart attack, or stroke in ACS patients who do not undergo coronary stenting or bypass surgery. However, prasugrel showed a lower risk of recurrent adverse events after 12 months of treatment.
Duke scientists discovered that genetic material in red blood cells can alter parasite activity via novel gene regulation mechanisms. This finding could lead to greater understanding of host-parasite interaction and eventually develop into a new malaria therapy.
A blood test detecting high levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) may guide treatment for advanced kidney cancer, extending survival and improving outcomes for patients. Researchers found that LDH levels can predict the effectiveness of mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus in treating late-stage kidney cancer.
Researchers at Duke University Health System have found that mesenchymal stem cells can prevent post-traumatic arthritis in mice with fractures. The study suggests that these stem cells alter the balance of inflammation and regeneration in knee joints, thereby preventing the development of osteoarthritis.
A recent study published in JAMA found that endoscopic vein harvesting during coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) has similar mortality rates and lower infection and wound complication rates compared to traditional open incision methods. The study, conducted on a large population of Medicare patients, refutes previous concerns about ...
A large international study found that moderate exercise helps ease depression in patients with chronic heart failure, while also reducing deaths and hospitalizations. The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association, suggests that exercise has a significant impact on both mental and physical health.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center discovered a gene mutation causing Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC), a rare disorder characterized by unpredictable paralysis and seizures. The study's findings suggest a potential treatment, with genetic testing to accurately diagnose patients and prevent misdiagnoses.
Researchers have discovered a promising compound that inhibits clotting in the bloodstream without triggering excessive bleeding. PAMAM G-3, an experimental compound, prevents activation of the process leading to blood clot formation while maintaining normal blood clotting factors.
Researchers will explore ways to induce protective IgA human antibodies by vaccines to prevent HIV-1 infection, and produce recombinant IgAs to be tested as therapies.
Duke University has been awarded a seven-year, $186 million grant to develop an HIV vaccine by inducing precise immune factors. The program will focus on designing immunogens capable of preventing HIV transmission and protecting people worldwide.
A new study has found that patients with mild or no cognitive impairment can be identified as at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease through a PET brain scan using a radioactive dye. The study, led by researchers at Duke University Medical Center, shows that the presence of amyloid plaques in the brain can predict future decline.
A large prospective study found that cardiac surgery has become significantly safer, even for high-risk patients, with complication rates at 5%, compared to previously reported 10%. The study also failed to show acadesine, a protective drug, reduced complications.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center have found a hormone that stimulates insulin secretion from islet cells and protects them against toxic factors. This discovery could lead to new prevention and treatment options for type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
Researchers from Duke University Medical Center found that tPA is safe to use in acute stroke patients on warfarin, contradicting previous concerns about high intracranial bleeding risk. The study included over 23,000 patients and found similar intracranial hemorrhage risks for those on warfarin and non-warfarin users.
A new program, RACE-ER, has been implemented to improve heart attack treatment times and patient survival rates. The initiative, which involves all hospitals and emergency services in North Carolina, has reduced the time from diagnosis to treatment from 103 minutes to 91 minutes.
A new breast cancer treatment, trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1), has shown significant improvements over standard therapy in keeping advanced tumors from progressing, with fewer and less harsh side effects.
A study by Duke University Medical Center found that breast cancer patients have significantly impaired cardio-pulmonary function that can persist for years after treatment. Higher cardio fitness levels were linked to longer median survival among women with advanced breast cancer, suggesting exercise may be a useful intervention.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center isolated antibodies from breast milk that can generate neutralizing antibodies to help inhibit the HIV virus in infants. The study's findings may help develop immune system prophylaxis during breastfeeding for mothers infected with HIV-1.
Researchers found that statin users had less prostate growth compared to non-users, regardless of whether they took dutasteride or a placebo. The effect was relatively small and tapered off after two years.
Researchers have isolated a gene related to autism, schizophrenia, and obesity in zebrafish, which may also contribute to human conditions. The KCTD13 gene regulates brain cell growth and is associated with head size at birth.
A new program will coordinate regional systems to reduce time from heart attack to treatment, building on the successful Mission: Lifeline program. The Regional Systems of Care Demonstration Project aims to develop coordinated, regional systems of care that start at the 911 call and include ambulance transport and hospital treatment.
The 'From Clinic to Community' project aims to improve health outcomes for at-risk populations in Southeastern US counties. It combines modern technology with community-based healthcare professionals to address the triple aim of better outcomes, better care, and lower cost.
Researchers used next-generation sequencing to identify genetic causes of developmental delays and congenital abnormalities in seven out of twelve patients. The study found that the technology can provide a diagnosis about half of the time, motivating its use for patients with unknown genetic conditions.
The US healthcare system could face a surge in medical expenditures due to rising obesity rates. By 2030, up to 42% of the U.S. population may be obese, with severe obesity rates reaching 11%. To mitigate these costs, experts emphasize the need for effective strategies to prevent obesity.
A study published in PLOS ONE found that about 70 percent of people have two functional copies of a gene linked to an odor receptor that detects androstenone, a compound in male mammals like pigs. This genetic variation may contribute to why some people find the smell of meat unpleasant.
Researchers found that increased fructose consumption depletes cellular energy in obese and diabetic individuals, leading to decreased ATP stores and increased risk of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Measuring uric acid levels may help doctors predict the presence and monitor the severity of this condition.
A large-scale analysis found that most clinical trials are small and have significant methodological differences, leading to concerns about the quality of evidence. The study's findings highlight the need for better trial design and data collection practices to ensure high-quality evidence for medical decision-making.
A Duke University Medical Center team has developed a method to convert scar tissue in the heart into functioning heart muscle cells using microRNAs. This approach eliminates the need for stem cell transplantation, potentially treating millions of people with heart failure caused by scar tissue after a heart attack.
A small number of cells in the embryo are enough to form the outer layer of pumping heart muscle in an adult zebrafish. The researchers discovered that only eight single cells contributed to forming a major type of heart muscle, and just one or two cells could create up to 70% of the entire ventricular surface.
Research from Duke University Medical Center finds that patients with voice problems experience nearly as many days of short-term disability claim and work productivity losses as those with chronic conditions. The study reveals that up to 40 lost workdays and $3,400 in short-term disability payments occur annually due to dysphonia.
Researchers identified hundreds of novel genes mutated in stomach cancer, which could lead to targeted therapies. FAT4 and ARID1A were found to be particularly interesting, with mutations detected in 5% and 8% of stomach cancers, respectively.
Researchers analyzed immune responses in RV144 trial participants and found that antibodies specific to the V1V2 region correlated with lower infection rates. Vaccine recipients with high levels of IgA envelope protein binding antibody had less protection from HIV than those with low levels.
A recent study found that depression is common among stroke and transient ischemic attack (TIA) patients, with nearly two-thirds of them not receiving treatment. The study suggests that brain injury and vascular risk factors may contribute to the development of depression in these patients.
A study at Duke University Medical Center confirms an association between sleep apnea and post-surgical delirium, a condition with serious health consequences. Researchers found that patients with obstructive sleep apnea were more likely to develop delirium after surgery.
A study found that a genetic variation in the BIM gene variant occurs in about 15% of the typical East Asian population and contributes to some patients' failure to benefit from tyrosine kinase inhibitor drugs. The researchers identified a novel class of BH3-mimetics as a potential treatment option to overcome this resistance.
A team of researchers at Duke University has determined the structure of a concentrative nucleoside transporter, which works by moving nucleosides from outside to inside of cells. This discovery may lead to more effective drugs with fewer effects on healthy tissue.
Researchers found that deafening causes rapid changes to motor areas in songbirds' brains, predicting which birds will have worse songs. This study may provide insights into how hearing loss affects the human brain's vocalization control.
Researchers discovered that osteoarthritic knee joints have a constant state of repair, while hip joints do not. This suggests different treatment strategies may be needed for knee and hip osteoarthritis. A biomarker was identified to measure joint degeneration and repair response.
Researchers found a significant correlation between coronary artery disease and prostate cancer in a large study, suggesting that heart disease may be a risk factor for the malignancy. Lifestyle changes such as weight loss, exercise, and a healthy diet may help combat both conditions.
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center discovered that copper is essential for detecting sulfur-containing substances, which are responsible for strong odors. The research, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, suggests a possible link between copper and drug receptor responses.
Scientists at Duke University Medical Center created nanoparticles that target lymph nodes to greatly enhance vaccine responses. The particles mimic natural mast cell granules and provide a timed release of inflammatory mediators, stimulating effective immune reactions in mice vaccinated with the influenza A virus.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center developed a new way to identify genes of harmful microbes using chemicals and genomic sequencing. This approach can rapidly pinpoint genes responsible for specific traits in Chlamydia, a common sexually transmitted infection.
Researchers at Duke University Medical Center found that noise-cancelling headphones playing classical music reduce pain and anxiety during prostate biopsies. This simple and inexpensive method may help an estimated 700,000 US men who undergo a biopsy a year.