A team of researchers has developed a new method to eliminate turbulence in fluid flows, which can save up to 95% of the energy required to pump fluids through pipes. The approach involves creating a 'flat' velocity profile that prevents turbulent eddies from forming.
Researchers at IST Austria and Paris create framework connecting three neural information encoding theories, providing concrete predictions for previously unstudied coding regimes. The unified theory allows neurons to have mixed coding objectives, covering a range of constraints and phenomena not explained by existing models.
Researchers found that mutations in two components interact with each other, increasing the system's freedom to change and evolve. The study provides a mechanistic understanding of how genetic structure determines patterns of epistasis.
Researchers at IST Austria have found that superfluid helium droplets act as magnetic monopoles from the perspective of molecules immersed inside them. This discovery opens up new possibilities for studying magnetic monopoles and reveals a previously unknown property in these systems.
The IST Austria lab of Daria Siekhaus will explore the role of MFSD1 in metastasis in mice and humans. The project aims to understand its involvement in changes to proteins and their impact on metastasis.
Researchers have successfully interfaced individual bacteria with a computer to build a hybrid bio-digital circuit. This setup allows for the simulation of complex biological systems, enabling the 'debugging' of such systems like complex computer codes.
Scientists at IST Austria have resolved the role of Synaptotagmin 7 during inhibitory synaptic transmission, showing it regulates asynchronous transmitter release and facilitation. The study found Synaptotagmin 7 ensures efficient and frequency-independent signal transmission in the cerebellum and hippocampus.
Researchers at IST Austria have developed micrometer-scale, nonmagnetic devices that route microwave photons and shield qubits from harmful noise. The compact devices are a significant improvement over traditional predecessors and could revolutionize the development of quantum computers.
Researchers at IST Austria have identified a positive feedback loop between cell-cell contact formation and cell fate specification in zebrafish embryos. This loop, triggered by long-lasting contacts, leads to the specification of head mesoderm cells, while short-lasting contacts result in endoderm cells.
Researchers at IST Austria and Nvidia introduce a novel representation of waves that improves visual detail and user control while reducing computing cost. The method allows for more versatile and physically plausible simulations with minimal extra work.
Researchers at IST Austria have developed a new method to create self-actuating, smooth, and free-form objects called CurveUps. These objects are made up of tiny tiles sandwiched between pre-stretched latex layers that transform into a continuous shell during the process.
Researchers at IST Austria developed an interactive design tool that allows users to easily adjust a mechanical template to fit their desired shape. This tool guarantees functionality while enabling artists to make aesthetic adjustments, making it possible for novice users to create functional models with ease.
Researchers found that a single docking site uses a single cluster of calcium channels and that both numbers change with brain age, establishing the first clear link between morphology and function of docking sites.
The ISTplus program is an interdisciplinary and international research environment that supports postdocs from various scientific fields. The two-year fellowships offer competitive salaries and additional funds for research and travel expenses.
Researchers Joël Alwen and Krzysztof Pietrzak proved the existence of memory-hard functions, essential for securing password servers and decentralized cryptocurrencies. Their work enhances understanding of these functions and increases trust in using scrypt for password hashing.
Researchers find Lgl1 controls neural stem cell proliferation, producing neurons and glia cells in the developing cortex. The study reveals two mechanisms of Lgl1 function: one for embryonic development and another for postnatal brain growth.
A study published in Science reveals how bacteria can exhibit different behaviors despite having the same genes. Researchers found that protein complexes play a crucial role in this phenomenon, and biased partitioning of these complexes can lead to the emergence of extreme phenotypes.
Researchers created a set of axioms for robust cooperative strategies, reducing computational hurdles. Players with these strategies and memories of length k cooperate if all players took the same actions for the last k rounds, giving rise to all-or-none strategies.
Jiri Friml, a plant biologist at IST Austria, has received an ERC advanced grant to investigate the evolution of auxin transport and polarity in plants. His research will focus on understanding how plants adapt to environmental changes through the dynamic regulation of PIN transporters.
Biologist Carl-Philipp Heisenberg has been awarded an ERC advanced grant to study the interplay between gene regulatory networks and physical processes in embryonic development. His research will focus on gastrulation, a critical phase of embryonic development where cells are transformed into distinct layers.
Researchers found that friction between moving tissues generates force that shapes the nervous system of zebrafish embryos. This force is a key mechanism for regulating morphogenesis during embryo development. The study's findings indicate a previously unrecognized mechanism underlying birth defects in humans.
Researchers found that antibiotics like trimethoprim induce a stress response in bacteria, protecting them from acidic damage. This cross-protection mechanism increases the survival chances of bacteria exposed to antibiotics and other environmental stresses.
Researchers at IST Austria create a novel optogenetic receptor that responds to green light, allowing for the rapid control of cellular behavior in defined spaces. The new tool enables scientists to study cellular signaling pathways and their role in human disorders without constant exposure to light.
Researchers have demonstrated the existence of a new quasiparticle called angulon, which forms when a rotating object interacts with its surrounding environment. The angulon theory can explain 20 years of observations and offers a quick and simple description for rotation of molecules in solvents.
A recent study published in Developmental Cell reveals that surface cells play a key role in coordinating tissue movements during early zebrafish development. By reducing surface tension, these cells drive both surface cell layer expansion and inner cell intercalation, resulting in coordinated tissue spreading.
Researchers at IST Austria have observed a quantum phase transition in a dissipative quantum system for the first time. The study verifies theoretical predictions and demonstrates potential applications in memory storage elements and quantum simulation processors.
Researchers identified synaptotagmin 2 as the primary calcium sensor responsible for rapid neurotransmitter release in GABAergic synapses, enabling fast signaling speed and precision. This discovery has significant implications for our understanding of microcircuits and motor control in the brain.
A study published in Science found that the entorhinal cortex replays memories of movement independently of the hippocampus, challenging the long-held view of the hippocampus as the primary memory region. The medial entorhinal cortex acts like a navigational system, providing cues for location and movement to the hippocampus.
Researchers found that synaptic inhibition dominated over excitation during SWR generation and was responsible for the oscillation. PV+ interneurons played a key role in generating SWRs, suggesting that inhibition is crucial for making memories permanent.
Researchers identified a new genetic cause of syndromic autism linked to the SLC7A5 gene, which transports amino acids into the brain. The study found that treating neurological abnormalities in mice with this gene mutation improved behavioral symptoms.
Researchers have determined the detailed structure of Mitochondrial Complex I, the first and largest complex in the respiratory chain. This breakthrough allows for a deeper understanding of its intricate arrangements and interactions, enabling insights into disease-causing mutations and affected enzyme activity.
Researchers construct a biophysical model to study global crosstalk in gene regulation, finding that it exists due to molecular recognition limits. The 'crosstalk floor' implies that there is a fundamental limit to this phenomenon, even with optimal adjustments to transcription factor concentrations.
Bernd Bickel's algorithm improves technical modelling of planar-rod structures for optimal stability and efficiency in manufacturing. The software has applications in art, wire sculptures, and rapid prototyping.
Researchers at IST Austria identified a new learning rule that strengthens connections between neurons in the CA3 region of the hippocampus, even when neurons fire in reverse order. This discovery may explain robust learning and storage of spatial information in the brain.
Researchers have developed a non-invasive method for receptor activation using red light, which can penetrate deep tissues and activate signal pathways involved in cell division. The approach has potential for treating diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer, Parkinson, and diabetes.
Research resolves debate on gene interactions and adaptation by showing that the long-term response can be predicted in two scenarios: when genetic drift or selection dominate. Epistasis affects long-term response only if it changes sign during adaptation, regardless of initial trait variance components.
Researchers used an experimental game to study how government representatives make decisions in social dilemmas. The results show that selfish representatives who contribute less than their fair share can still be re-elected and lead their countries to reach the target sum, while others contribute more. This study highlights the comple...
Researchers have solved a century-old question regarding the nature of turbulence's onset, finding it to be a directed percolation phase transition. This behavior is similar to that seen in epidemic spreading in populations, where fluctuations are characterized by critical exponents.
Researchers introduce technique to calculate and understand angular momentum in complex systems, simplifying the 'angulon problem'. The novel canonical transformation removes complex algebra, offering insights into atomic, condensed matter, and chemical physics.
Bacterial restriction-modification systems can overreact, leading to autoimmunity issues, according to a new study published in Current Biology. The researchers discovered that more efficient systems are prone to making mistakes, which can contribute to genetic variation and adaptive evolution.
Researchers at IST Austria have received ERC Starting Grants for their innovative projects in biochemistry and computer science, exploring the mechanisms of self-organizing properties of bacterial cells and developing new cryptographic schemes.
Researchers applied complexity theory from computer science to study ecological and evolutionary dynamics, revealing unexpected connections between the two fields. They found that certain fundamental questions in ecology and evolution can be precisely characterized by specific classes of complexity theory.
Cells use kinetic proofreading to regulate gene expression with increased specificity but at the cost of more energy investment. The authors propose an alternative out-of-equilibrium, proofreading-based transcriptional regulation to mitigate crosstalk in multicellular organisms.
Robots develop self-taught behaviors through sensory input and adaptation, mirroring natural sensorimotor development. This concept has implications for understanding early stages of evolution and may lead to new strategies for robotic learning.
Turbulence plays a crucial role in nature and technology, influencing pollutant spread and fuel efficiency. A new study reveals how fully turbulent flows arise in pipe and square duct flows, with potential benefits for oil pipelines and combustion motors.
Researchers used artificial light to activate a natural receptor, ROS1, which is linked to several forms of cancer. They identified a new compound, AV-951, that inhibits this receptor using an 'all-optical' screening method.
A team of scientists analyzed high-throughput sequencing data from 538 CLL patients and identified 44 genes that are frequently mutated in the disease. These mutations, known as driver mutations, affect RNA processing, MYC activity, and MAPK signaling.
Researchers Jitka Polechova and Nick Barton propose a new theory on why species can't adapt to wider environmental conditions. Their findings suggest that sharp range limits can form even in environments with smooth changes, due to random fluctuations in gene frequencies.
Researchers found that infected ants clean themselves more frequently but restrict allogrooming with healthy group members. This self-restriction helps contain the pathogen's spread in the ant colony, benefiting all social animals under epidemic threat.
Researchers 'remote-controlled' cancer cell behavior with light, finding that activation can cause changes in morphology, proliferation, and gene expression. This breakthrough applies optogenetics to cancer research, offering a precise method for targeting specific cells.