Articles tagged with Systems Biology
Researchers from the Universities of Bristol and Ghent have shown that exploring the unknown is crucial for realising continual innovation in biological design. By focusing on novelty and diversity, algorithms can create better solutions than solely optimising for a specific goal.
A study published in Arthroplasty Today found that robotic-assisted knee revision surgery significantly influences the function of the knee replacement. The computer system can help predict implant size and balance the knee for stability, leading to improved patient outcomes.
Scientists from Max Planck Institute have developed an open-source supercomputer algorithm to solve complex mathematical equations of active matter theory. This enables the study of biological materials' patterning and dynamics in space and time.
Researchers using cancer as a model system are uncovering basic principles of immune cell communication and spatial dynamics. Understanding these principles can lead to new treatments for various diseases, including viral infections and cancer.
A groundbreaking study sheds light on the intricate mechanism behind the immune system's ability to differentiate between self and non-self antigens. Continuous activation of self-reactive T cells is essential for maintaining equilibrium and self-tolerance through regulatory T cells.
Researchers have created an 'immune cell map' that reveals the origin of neutrophils' subcellular response to microbes. The study found that a specific type of glycoprotein is responsible for the restricted subcellular origin, and this discovery may lead to refined personalized immune responses.
A recent MU study found that health and healthcare organizations are increasingly offering basic social services, such as transportation, housing, food, and mental health support, to address disparities in health outcomes. The research team explored innovative solutions implemented by care coordinators and social services to help overc...
A cross-sectional survey of 121 patients found that 90% were very satisfied or satisfied with family physician care, and 89% with allied health team care. Comparing to previous experiences, 75% believed IVC encounters were better or same as in-person encounters.
Researchers from Rice University and Princeton University have developed a new technology that allows for the live monitoring of signaling protein networks in living cells. The 'live reporter' system uses unobtrusive proteins to tag specific proteins, which can activate fluorescent markers when they become phosphorylated.
Researchers have identified two candidate genes, EPHA6 and MUC4, that may play a role in gut chronic inflammation leading to IBD. The study used genetically diverse mice to mirror human populations and found that increased expression of MUC4 in part of the colon may increase IBD risk in humans.
The new institute will integrate vascular biomedicine, systems biology, and heart research to investigate mechanisms of interorgan communication and detect pathologies earlier. It aims to accelerate translation of findings into clinical applications.
Loris Fichera's $599,663 NSF CAREER Award project aims to develop new surgical robots that can accurately deliver focused energy without cutting or touching human tissues. The project will enhance a surgical robot's perception using virtual palpation and create research opportunities for WPI undergraduates.
Researchers developed a novel endoscopic imaging system with a bioinspired sensor that can detect multiple fluorescent probes, enabling more accurate fluorescence-guided cancer surgery. The system showed improved spatial resolution and sensitivity in detecting tumors, paving the way for the adoption of multi-tracer FGS.
A nationwide study of nearly 10,000 adults identifies 12 hallmarks of long COVID, including debilitating fatigue, loss of smell or taste, and gastrointestinal symptoms. The findings provide a new scoring system for clinicians to define and investigate treatments for patients with long COVID.
A new pilot study found that even low levels of saccharin, acesulfame-K and cyclamate can modulate the copy rate of genes in white blood cells, sensitizing them to certain immune stimuli. The researchers also discovered that taste receptors may act as sensors for the cellular immune system.
A team led by Professor Timo Betz has developed a 3D cell culture chamber to grow muscle and other tissue using high-resolution microscopy. The new system will enable scientists to mimic the mechanical situations that confront various living tissues in serious conditions, reducing animal testing and costs.
Researchers have created a detailed map of human retinal organoid development, revealing information on cell types, proteins, and gene expression. The study uses advanced imaging techniques to visualize multiple proteins simultaneously and provides insights into retinal diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa.
Researchers at Mount Sinai have discovered a previously unknown way in which the brain and immune system interact in multiple sclerosis. They found that the inflammatory protein interleukin-3 (IL-3) coordinates this communication, inciting the recruitment of immune cells to the brain and exacerbating brain inflammation.
A team of experts identified 29 sources of bias in AI/ML models for medical imaging, including data collection, preparation, and deployment. The study provides a comprehensive roadmap for mitigating these biases and ensuring fairness, equity, and trust in AI/ML models.
Researchers developed DeMAG, an open-source web server facilitating accurate interpretation of genetic mutations in disease genes. The tool reduces false positives by integrating structural and evolutionary features, enabling medical professionals to make informed clinical decisions.
Researchers found that removing ovaries during a benign hysterectomy increases the risk of hospitalization for cardiovascular disease in premenopausal women, but not necessarily for cancer. The study supports current recommendations to conserve ovaries in premenopausal patients at low risk for ovarian cancer.
Researchers developed a wireless bioresonator using parity–time symmetry to detect minute biological signals, achieving 2000-fold higher sensitivity than conventional systems. The biosensor can measure glucose concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 mM and lactate levels up to 4.0 mM.
Researchers develop a new technique to measure blood attenuation using a fluorophore-coated guidewire, improving the accuracy of near-infrared fluorescence in cardiovascular imaging. The method provides accurate information on vessel walls and outperforms existing correction methods.
Human macrophages use Siglec-14 receptors to recognize and engulf carbon nanotubes, leading to inflammation. The discovery could pave the way for developing safer carbon nanotubes and therapies to prevent inflammatory diseases.
A new PET/CT scanner prototype has shown promising results in preclinical testing, offering higher resolution and accurate tumor assessment. The scanner aims to enhance treatment planning for head and neck cancers, which have a low five-year survival rate and high recurrence rate.
Researchers have developed a super-resolution microscope with a spatio-temporal precision of one nanometer per millisecond using the MINFLUX technique. This allows them to observe tiny movements of single proteins, including the stepping motion of kinesin-1 along microtubules while consuming ATP.
A study found that a commercial water purifier may have caused Mycobacterium abscessus infections in 4 cardiac surgery patients due to chlorine depletion. The hospital's water system was contaminated via municipal water, emphasizing the importance of monitoring and preventing mycobacteria.
The American Foregut Society has proposed a new classification system to assess esophagogastric junction (EGJ) integrity, expanding beyond the Hill grade. The new classification takes into account EGJ disruption and hiatus hernia extent, providing a more comprehensive understanding of GERD.
Researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital developed an accurate method for detecting Alzheimer's disease using routinely collected clinical brain images. The AI model detected Alzheimer's disease risk with 90.2% accuracy across five datasets, regardless of age or scanner manufacturer.
Key laboratory conducted a literature review on microfluidic actuated and controlled systems for lab-on-chip applications in space life science. The research highlights the challenges and advancements in microfluidic chip technology, including micropumps and microvalves.
Two new papers demonstrate the use of Outbreak.info as a standardized source for COVID-19 data, tracking daily variant reports and a Research Library with aggregated research publications. The platform provides essential tools for researchers to track virus evolution and improve diagnostics.
A POSTECH research team has developed a deep-learning approach to enhance resolution and speed in photoacoustic computed tomography (PACT) imaging. The technique enables high-resolution, real-time whole-body imaging of animals and monitors tissue movement in the heart, kidney, and brain.
Researchers have developed a procedure to create custom, 3D-printed heart replicas that accurately mimic a patient's specific heart form and function. These replicas can be controlled to mimic the pumping action of the real heart, allowing clinicians to test various treatment options for individual patients.
A new study found that stroke patients experience a daily rhythm in cerebral blood flow regulation, with greater regulation during afternoon hours compared to morning and night times. This discovery may improve health outcomes by guiding daily activity and personal care during stroke recovery.
A recent study by Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at TUM found that a pungent ginger compound puts immune cells on heightened alert. The compound, [6]-gingerol, stimulates white blood cells via the TRPV1 receptor, which plays a role in the perception of painful heat stimuli and spiciness.
Researchers at the University of Copenhagen have discovered a new mechanism, called H2A-H2B mediated epigenetic memory, that helps cells preserve their information and functionality during division. This discovery could lead to new treatments for cancer and aging by modulating cellular processes.
Researchers from the University of Colorado found that Paxlovid significantly reduced rates of hospitalization and death among non-hospitalized patients infected with recent Omicron subvariants. The study used real-world data from 28,000 patients and suggested a benefit for Paxlovid in preventing severe disease.
A new study found that primary care visits addressing mental health concerns rose by almost 50% over a decade, with Black and Hispanic patients facing barriers to access. Primary care physicians welcome the opportunity to address mental health concerns but need better support systems.
A study of over 900 human transcriptomes found that circadian gene expression varies significantly by sex and age, with females showing more sustained rhythms and a higher number of rhythmic genes. Older individuals also exhibited lower rhythmicity, particularly in tissues related to cardiovascular disease.
A study by the University of Freiburg has found that auxin influences the fertility of spreading earthmoss, with PINC protein playing a crucial role. The research reveals that sperm swim better without PINC and that its absence leads to increased abortions in Physcomitrella moss.
Researchers seek to reduce medical errors among patients with limited English proficiency by implementing three different translation approaches. The goal is to compare the effectiveness of telephone interpreter-based and in-person interpreter-assisted communication in reducing errors.
A new study from Lund University found that male crucian carp change their appearance in response to predatory fish, making it harder for them to be eaten. This adaptation is linked to stress hormones and differs between males and females.
Researchers have designed a treatment that uses a modified bacterium to target and dissolve biofilms caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a leading cause of hospital mortality. The treatment has shown significant efficacy in mice, reducing lung infections and doubling survival rates.
A new biopsy procedure is developed with a multispectral confocal endomicroscope to aid in lung tissue imaging. The system allows for simultaneous imaging of multiple fluorescent dyes, enabling unique identification and spectral unmixing.
Researchers identified a link between sphingolipids and complement signaling that regulates cancer cell migration and metastasis. High levels of S1P inside cancer cells activate the complement molecule C3, leading to inflammation-promoting complex formation and driving cancer spread.
Researchers have developed a novel portable and low-cost macroscopic mapping system for all-optical cardiac electrophysiology using optogenetics and machine vision cameras. The system can stimulate and image engineered networks of human heart cells, providing insights into cardiac wave function and stability.
Mount Sinai researchers discovered that age-related macular degeneration (AMD) may be caused by two distinct types of deposits in the retina: drusen and subretinal drusenoid deposits (SDDs). Early intervention with vitamin supplements can slow down drusen formation, while SDDs pose a greater threat to advanced AMD.
Researchers have developed an innovative amputated human limb model to evaluate molecularly targeted fluorescent probes for human tissues. The model allows for controlled testing of imaging agents with zero risk to patients, improving the accuracy and safety of surgical procedures.
Researchers developed a blood test using circulating microparticle proteins to predict placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) cases as early as the second trimester. The study found five unique proteins that can distinguish PAS patients from control patients, enabling safe predication before delivery.
Researchers have developed a technique to record cellular events in a long protein chain, allowing them to reconstruct the timing of gene activation, response to drugs, and other processes. This method has potential applications in understanding memory formation, aging, and disease progression.
A new AI tool developed by Brigham and Women's Hospital improves the accuracy of time-critical pathology diagnostics during surgery. The tool, which leverages deep-learning technology, translates frozen tissue samples into high-quality images, increasing diagnostic accuracy and reducing the need for lengthy laboratory tests.
Researchers analyzed COX-2 levels and segmental chromosome aberrations in pediatric neuroblastoma tumor samples. Positive correlations between pre-CT Ch 7q gain and COX-2 expression were found, as well as negative correlations between Ch 7q gain and Ch 11q deletion.
A new mesoscopic oblique plane microscopy method captures up to three times more resolvable image points than other similar systems, enabling whole-body volumetric recordings of neuronal activity and blood flow dynamics. The technique allows for single-cell tracking within the complete 3D circulation system for the first time.
Researchers from the Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology have identified three metabolites as potential biomarkers for individual coffee consumption. These biomarkers could help determine the health value of coffee by objectively verifying coffee consumption levels.
Researchers analyzed data from over 80,000 primary care physicians and found no clear connection between MIPS scores and clinical performance. Doctors with low MIPS scores performed worse on some process measures but better on others, suggesting that the system may prioritize paperwork over patient outcomes.
Research on Fanconi anemia reveals its link to aggressive head-and-neck tumors due to gene-copy chaos, increasing the need for new treatments. The study also highlights a connection between smoking and drinking and elevated cancer risk.
A new bioreactor system developed by KAUST scientists delivers gases to maintain physiological environments, reducing unpredictable shifts in cell growth. The system allows for more accurate and reproducible experiments in biomedical research.
Research reveals that octopuses have a massively expanded repertoire of microRNAs in their neural tissue, similar to vertebrates. This finding suggests that miRNAs play a fundamental role in the development of complex brains.
Scientists at Ural Federal University have developed a sensor device that determines cholesterol levels without using enzymes. The system uses copper chloride, making the process cheaper, easier, and faster than traditional methods.
A new metric estimates cumulative exposure to PFAS chemicals, enabling comparisons across studies and applications. The calculator takes into account patterns of exposure to multiple chemicals, providing a robust tool for biomonitoring and disease assessment.