Articles tagged with Research and Development
The study successfully minimizes thermal conductivity by designing and fabricating an optimal nanostructure-multilayer material through materials informatics. The researchers created a superlattice structure that maximizes wave interference of lattice vibrations to regulate thermal conductivity at near room temperature.
A new study by MIT professors finds that state-level R&D tax credits significantly spur high-quality new-firm growth, while investment tax credits have a slightly negative economic impact on innovative activity. The study's authors suggest that the former supports ambitious startup firms, fostering entrepreneurship and business dynamism.
Researchers have developed a nanometric-scale theoretical model to create structures that kill bacteria by using elastic forces. The flexibility of these pillars is closely connected to their appearance, and varying the height of the pillars can determine their bactericidal efficacy.
Researchers from NUS and Stanford found that people with a strategic mindset ask themselves 'How else can I do this?' when faced with challenges, leading to effective strategies and improved performance in educational, professional, health and fitness goals. A strategic mindset can be taught through training and practice.
The University of Sussex has developed the most sensitive strain sensor, capable of detecting strains as low as 0.1% and up to 80% with a gauge factor of ~20. This technology could revolutionize wearable devices for vital sign monitoring and building structural integrity assessment.
The researchers developed a technology called Artificial Chemist, which combines AI and robotics to conduct autonomous R&D and manufacturing of commercially desirable materials. It can identify the best material for any suite of measurable properties in 15 minutes or less.
Researchers have developed a conceptual model to identify and classify springs with potential to be refuges for plants and animals in drying climates. The study highlights the need for conservation efforts to protect these ecosystems from climate change.
Researchers at Harvard have developed HAMR-JR, a half-scale cockroach-inspired microrobot that can run, jump, carry heavy payloads, and turn on a dime. The tiny robot, about the size of a penny, boasts unprecedented dexterity and speed, defying conventional design limitations.
The Penrose tool enables users to create diagrams by typing mathematical expressions, empowering anyone to translate abstract ideas into beautiful illustrations. Researchers developed a special programming language that mathematicians can easily learn, allowing for high-quality visualizations.
Researchers developed a new spectroscopic nanoscopy technique that improves spatial imaging resolution and spectral precision. The approach enables full use of photons for both spatial and spectral analyses, leading to significant improvements in image quality.
A new radio-frequency switch developed by US Army-funded researchers has achieved 50 times more energy efficiency than current components. The switch enables devices to stream HD media faster and retain battery life.
A South Korean research team has developed moldable nanomaterials and a one-step printing technology to produce ultrathin metalens that are 100 times thinner than human hair. The new technology reduces production costs by 1/100, making VR/AR devices more accessible.
Researchers propose a blockchain-based system called ORBI to streamline pathogen information exchange between public and private institutions. This decentralized system would preserve individual researcher stakes while ensuring tamper-proof data documentation.
Researchers developed an AI algorithm that can detect and identify different types of brain lesions on CT scans, with clinical validation showing high accuracy. The tool has the potential to improve patient outcomes by providing more personalized treatments for head injuries.
Researchers have successfully modified brain activity using non-invasive techniques and characterized its dynamics. The study provides foundational knowledge for future technologies that may expedite cognitive processes and enable adaptive teaming neurotechnologies.
Researchers found that partly random selected leaders are less prone to misusing their power, making decisions beneficial to the group. Competitive selection methods trigger leadership hubris, leading to detrimental outcomes.
Researchers at UMBC have developed a new solution to render realistic human skin in video games. The new method uses temporal variance to lower the number of changes within each frame while maintaining a realistic depiction of subsurface scattering.
Researchers at KIST have developed a large-scale stretchable and transparent electrode using wavy silver nanowire networks. The technology overcomes previous limitations, enabling stable stretching and maintaining transparency and conductivity.
Researchers developed a set of recommendations to manage the mental health of frontline medical workers, including clear communication, training, and infection control procedures. These changes aim to reduce psychological distress among clinicians during viral outbreaks.
A new device, PuffPacket, can track e-cigarette consumption patterns and provide valuable insights for research on vaping. It helps researchers understand addiction triggers and create interventions to help people quit.
The U.S. Army Research Laboratory has developed a novel parallel computing framework, GPOP, to process large graphs and data efficiently, making it ideal for DOD security analysis and applications such as terrorist-tracking and bioinformatics.
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University discovered that microorganisms can extract water from minerals, changing the rock's structure and providing a survival strategy. The findings may help develop practical applications for defense and advance our search for life beyond Earth.
Researchers found that higher similarity between original and translated brand names leads to higher Chinese box office revenue, while informative titles also drive sales. Companies must balance these strategies based on product performance and cultural gap size.
Researchers at Lipo-ImmunoTech, a joint venture between Medical University of South Carolina researchers, are developing a novel adoptive cell therapy technology that factors in the role of lipids in suppressing the immune system. The grant aims to enhance the viability and functionality of expanded T cells.
Researchers at KIST have developed a stretchable lithium-ion battery with an accordion-like micro-honeycomb structure, allowing for high energy storage capacity and long-term stability. The battery's stretchable properties enable new applications in wearable and body-implantable devices.
Researchers at SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory have developed a new tool using machine learning to streamline accelerator tuning, reducing the time spent on this task by three to five times. The new algorithm combines human knowledge with the speed and efficiency of 'smart' computer programs.
Researchers at Northwestern University have developed a new method for upcycling polyurethane foams, turning them into higher-value rubbers and hard plastics. This process removes air from the foam to create durable plastics or soft films, paving the way for recycling of polyurethane foam waste in various applications.
The Critical Path Institute (C-Path) has received a letter of support from the European Medicines Agency (EMA) to facilitate the development and validation of pancreatic islet autoantibodies as enrichment biomarkers for type 1 diabetes clinical trials. This collaboration aims to accelerate drug development in T1D by identifying patient...
A new adsorbent material developed using PET waste bottles can remove 100% of antibiotics from water in under 90 minutes, with high reusability and stability. The material uses a high-purity organic ligand extracted from PET waste, which is a cost-effective alternative to existing methods.
A new systematic review highlights the importance of emotional and psychological support, community involvement, and personal growth for new mothers during the postnatal period. The study identified four recurring themes that shape a positive post-birth experience, providing insights for caregivers to improve maternal care.
A new study from Purdue University and Stanford University researchers found that football offensive linemen experience at least 40% fewer hits to the head if they start a play standing up. This change could potentially eliminate significant numbers of hits without affecting the game.
A KIST research team developed a catalyst that converts CO2 into chemicals using 20% less iridium than existing catalysts, showing at least 31% higher performance. The catalyst maintains high durability for hundreds of hours, reducing energy required during the process by more than half.
A Korean research team has developed an ultrathin MXene film with exceptional absolute electromagnetic shielding performance, outperforming any other material reported to date. The film's thickness can be customized to provide 99% electromagnetic shielding efficiency.
A joint research team from KIER, KAIST, PNU, NTU developed a high-performance re-attachable sticker-type energy storage device. The new technology features a flexible structure that can be attached anywhere on objects or surfaces using ultrashort-pulse-lasers.
Researchers at George Washington University have developed a silicon-based electro-optical modulator that is smaller in size and faster than existing technology. The new device uses indium tin oxide to achieve gigahertz-fast signal modulation and has the potential to enable next-generation communication networks.
A new unbonded carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) method for strengthening steel structures has been developed by researchers at Toyohashi University of Technology. This approach enhances buckling performance without the need for surface treatments, resulting in cost savings and improved structural integrity.
A cloud-based supply chain management system for emergency response has been developed by Purdue University researchers. The system allows for real-time tracking of supplies and aid, enabling better targeting of assistance to those most in need. This innovation aims to improve outcomes for individuals impacted by natural disasters.
A new study from the University of Eastern Finland reveals that cross-border regions often struggle to achieve concrete outcomes in cooperation. Despite local decision-makers' support for integration, innovation cooperation remains sparse in many regions, including Cascadia and European border areas.
Researchers tested concrete floors with steel beams to understand fire behavior and structural failure. The study found that even well-designed structures can collapse due to extreme temperature shifts, highlighting the need for improved fire safety measures.
A new study co-led by a Cornell researcher found that individuals who recognize similarities between people they know and those depicted in the media are more likely to believe common rape myths. Media literacy education could help raise awareness about sexual violence and improve prevention programs on college campuses.
Researchers at KAIST developed a novel wearable strain sensor that overcomes limitations of conventional sensors. The sensor demonstrates high sensitivity, flexibility, and stretchability while being environmentally stable, making it suitable for healthcare applications.
A team of Berkeley Lab cosmologists, led by George Stein and Uros Seljak, developed a code that best identified a mock signal hidden in simulated particle-collision data. Their efficient machine learning tool, called sliced iterative optimal transport, can run on a simple desktop or laptop computer.
Researchers developed a new method to accurately record brain activity at scale, enabling the creation of brain-computer interface systems. The technology overcomes challenges in recording brain activity across large areas and minimizes tissue damage.
The Organs-on-Chips platform provides human-relevant disease modeling and studies to gain insights related to new drug modalities and disease mechanisms. Researchers can use the platform to assess safety risks and make informed decisions throughout the drug discovery and development process.
Researchers at TU Graz have developed X-Burst, a system that enables direct information exchange between IoT devices with different radio technologies. The system uses time-controlled energy pulses to transmit data packets of varying lengths, allowing for efficient communication without gateways.
The isoperimetric soft robot is a human-scale, pneumatic robot that can move without a tether and navigate unstructured environments. It achieves this by deforming its soft fabric tubes while maintaining its perimeter constant.
Researchers analyzed 73 studies on antibiotic use in outpatient sectors worldwide, finding city dwellers, children, and seniors take more antibiotics. Higher education and richer countries reduce antibiotic use, while urban areas and doctor concentrations increase it.
Researchers at the University of Illinois have developed a method to precisely control the sequence in synthetic polymers, allowing them to study charge transport properties and measure conductance through single chains. This work has significant implications for designing and manipulating materials with designer properties.
Twelve UNIST students have won a total of 2 Gold, 3 Silver, and 5 Bronze awards at the 2020 Samsung Humantech Paper Awards. The winners include TaeJung Lim and MinHo Seong for their innovative research in mechanical engineering and energy/environment.
Researchers developed a more efficient automated parking guidance control strategy that mimics the approach to parallel parking commonly used by human drivers. This new method simplifies control rules and strategies, reducing computing and storage resources required in vehicles.
A world-first study has patented a new filtration technique that can filter lithium ions in an ultra-fast and highly selective manner. The technology, developed by Monash University, has shown a lithium recovery rate of approximately 90 percent, a substantial improvement on the current solar evaporation process.
A team of researchers developed a standardized survey tool to collect data on rural households. The Rural Household Multi-Indicator Survey (RHoMIS) includes over 30,000 interviews from 33 countries and provides insights into smallholder farming practices, climate change, and social inclusion.
A new tool, designed for both planning and operation phases, aims to optimize evacuation routes and supply logistics in near-real time. Researchers focus on noncombatant evacuation operations in the Republic of Korea, but it can be applied to various scenarios.
Researchers developed a computational model to expedite military operations for evacuating noncombatants, disaster response, or humanitarian relief. The new model helps officials determine what needs to be where and at what time to complete an evacuation as quickly as possible.
Researchers at Korea Institute of Energy Research have developed a new separator membrane that significantly reduces gas crossover in water electrolyzers. The membrane exhibits high performance comparable to commercial separators while maintaining low ohmic resistance.
Research at the Regenstrief Institute found that hospital admission and neurological consultations are associated with better quality care for people with transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Patients who received a neurological consultation had higher care quality, while speech impairment was linked to increased hospital admittance.
A new open-source simulation software package in Python allows researchers to quickly compare and prioritize strategies for converting biomass to fuels and products. BioSTEAM provides a fast, flexible tool to analyze the economic and environmental implications of biorefineries.
Army researchers developed a new algorithm that enables collaborative and communication-efficient deep learning, reducing the need for centralized data pooling. The algorithm decreases communication overhead by up to 70% without sacrificing performance accuracy or learning rate.
A WSU research team has developed a unique protective layer around lithium anode, protecting batteries from degradation and allowing them to work longer under typical conditions. The innovation could make high-energy batteries more viable for next-generation energy storage.
Researchers have successfully demonstrated a world record transmission capacity of 10.66 peta-bit per second over a 38-core 3-mode optical fiber, achieving a spectral efficiency of 1158.7 bits per second per Hz. This breakthrough enables a drastic increase in data-rate per fiber for intra- and inter data-center communication.