News on R&D across science and industry. Covers R&D awards, applied studies, quantum institutes, and university research initiatives.
Researchers at POSTECH developed organic spacer molecular additive to improve perovskite solar cells' photoelectric efficiency and stability. The new material reduces internal defects and increases moisture resistance, achieving 21.3% efficiency and maintaining over 80% of initial performance under humid conditions.
A recent analysis found that the diabetes medication canagliflozin slowed kidney function decline in patients with diabetes and advanced chronic kidney disease. The drug also reduced the risk of developing kidney failure and cardiovascular problems in these patients.
A NYUAD researcher has developed a research and development agenda to eliminate cybersickness, allowing for wider use of virtual and augmented reality. The new agenda prioritizes creating powerful head-worn displays, reducing visual latencies, and improving countermeasures.
Researchers have developed a new technique for isolating parvalbumin-expressing neurons, which are linked to Parkinson's disease symptoms. The method uses Cre-specific nuclear anchored independent labeling and has been shown to detect changes in oxygen-sensing genes in diseased neurons.
A new study finds that delivering e-commerce cart retargeting (ECR) ads too early can decrease purchase rates, while late ECR ads have a positive impact. The researchers recommend using price discounts or scarcity framing for early ECR and suggest deploying campaigns with a delay to minimize ad annoyance.
Researchers developed biodegradable esophageal stents using 3D printing to treat radiation esophagitis, promoting tissue regeneration and mitigating inflammatory reactions. This breakthrough could improve patient outcomes and quality of life for those suffering from this condition.
The 7th COINS Symposium aims to realize 'in-body hospitals' by 2045, with a focus on innovative medicines and treatments. The symposium features keynote speakers discussing the latest trends and medicine development.
Researchers at MIT and University of Waterloo developed a high-power, portable terahertz quantum cascade laser that can generate powerful sensing and imaging capabilities. The device can be used for pinpointing skin cancer, detecting hidden explosives, and analyzing gases, drugs, and products.
A new research effort led by the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture seeks to enhance communication between healthcare providers and rural patients, enabling them to discuss costs and treatment options. The project aims to improve health outcomes for those living in poverty or with limited financial resources.
A new ceramic artificial bone coating has been developed with improved adhesion strength, enabling robust coating on metal and polymer surfaces. This breakthrough reduces production cost and time for implant procedures, addressing issues such as inflammation and loose implants.
The authors argue that the rapidly developing research on SARS-CoV-2 transmission provides a solid foundation for interpreting new information. The established knowledge of viral spread across various contexts and spatial scales, including household, residential, and community settings, remains well-established.
Research suggests that peer defender programs can disempower victims, reinforce bullying, and erode support for them. Schools should be wary of these strategies to reduce risks to vulnerable students.
A University of Saskatchewan-led team has developed a mathematical model to identify the most resilient lentil varieties against climate change. The model uses factors like temperature and photoperiod to predict which lines will perform well in new regions, supporting global food security.
A case study on ICT infrastructure at a Ghanaian research station reveals the importance of seamless connectivity for organizations. The ICT Health Checkup tool assesses four key elements to identify gaps and provide remediation steps.
Astronomers at the University of Vienna used machine learning to trace groups of stars born together and found thousands of sibling stars surrounding well-known cores of star clusters. The discovery reveals that star clusters are enclosed in rich halos, or coronae, more than 10 times larger than previously thought.
The newly created position aims to pioneer research and educational offerings in 'transformational strategy', a novel approach that goes beyond traditional strategy techniques. The Chair will develop practical methods to support company boards in transforming their business models.
A team of researchers at INRS has discovered a method to tune the spectrum of a laser to the infrared using a simple and much less expensive system: a hollow-core fiber filled with nitrogen. This approach delivers optical pulses shorter than those of the input laser and with high spatial quality.
SPARTA assesses military aircraft electronic countermeasures technologies to ensure accurate targeting information. The system provides automated and manual real-time EW analysis, achieving a 99+% detection rate in highly congested spectrums.
The LCR robot can remove full-range aircraft coatings layer-by-layer, shortening processing time by up to 80% and reducing cost-per aircraft. It is compatible with all types of aircraft and helicopters, and can also be used for off-airframe parts.
The University of California Pavement Research Center (UCPRC) will continue its work with Caltrans for another three years. The center focuses on innovative research and engineering principles to improve pavement sustainability.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to estimate key physiological parameters like maximal aerobic speed and endurance in athletes. The non-invasive data gathering method offers new possibilities for treatments and monitoring.
Researchers at KIST and Jeonbuk National University created a new type of two-dimensional material that generates up to 40% more power than traditional materials when subjected to static electricity. This innovation enables the development of self-powered touch sensors that can recognize touch signals without electricity.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a quantitative model to understand how politicized environments affect US political opinion formation and evolution. The model incorporates three psychological effects: attraction/repulsion, tribalism, and perceptual filtering, to simulate how populations change their opinions.
Researchers in China and Switzerland created biodegradable electronic blood vessels that can be actively tuned to address body changes after implantation. These flexible vessels mimic natural blood vessels and demonstrate promise as surrogate arteries in rabbits.
Researchers developed a new approach to study color perception in fruit flies, enabling simultaneous brain imaging and visual stimulation. The study found strain-specific sensitivities to colors among the fruit flies, with orange-eyed flies exhibiting increased sensitivity in the green range.
Scientists created a new type of fabric that can change shape and support loads, using heat-responsive alloy, stiff composite fibers, and conductive ink. The robotic fabric was used to make a tourniquet and napkin-sized sheet that can fold into a box supporting up to 50g of weight.
A machine learning-based strategy developed by Prof. LI Xianfeng's team can predict VFB stack performance and cost with high accuracy. The strategy improves efficiency, reduces research time, and provides guidance for VFB development.
Researchers have optimized Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) to achieve lower energy consumption while maintaining high data transmission rates. The study demonstrates that doubling the number of devices can reduce total energy consumption by 50% without compromising device lifetime or reducing current density.
The partnership aims to bring energy resiliency, security, and stability to New Mexico and the US. Sandia will focus on advanced technologies for grid modernization and energy storage.
A research team created dual-mode sensors that capture texture and force, enabling precise measurement of movement magnitude, load, rate, duration, and direction. These sensors could aid people with severe injuries and contribute to advanced robotics.
Researchers found that varied appointment reminders and direct telephone connections with advance reminders can significantly reduce no-shows. These recommendations are based on patient feedback from systematic interviews conducted at the VA Portland Health Care System.
The Salk Institute, along with partners at Sanford Burnham Prebys and UC San Diego, will establish a world-class center to study cellular and tissue aging in humans. The five-year grant aims to identify key drivers of aging and find new ways to increase human health span.
A new refining process developed by University of Cincinnati researchers enriches the omega-3 fatty acid content of apple juice without changing its taste. This technique uses a vortex fluidic device to minimize oxidation and improve shelf life, resulting in higher-quality fish oil supplements.
Researchers found that active surveillance and surge testing can prevent COVID-19 spread in homeless shelters. Guidelines developers face challenges due to poorly designed studies, but solutions are proposed through the COVID-NMA Project, which aims to improve evidence synthesis and guideline development.
A new on-site detection method for PFAS, developed by Curtin University researchers, allows for immediate and accurate measurement of levels. This method could aid in the removal of persistent environmental pollutants from contaminated lands and waters around the world.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a single device, VibroSense, that can track 17 types of appliances in households by detecting subtle vibrations using lasers and deep learning networks. The device showed nearly 96% accuracy in identifying activities across five houses.
Researchers at the University of Central Florida have developed models to predict periods of relatively higher flood risk due to storm surges. The models link large-scale climate variability events like El Niño to storm surge activity, allowing for more accurate predictions and improved coastal preparedness.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a method to create maneuverable 3D images showing changes in appearance over time using deep learning and tens of thousands of publicly available tourist photos. The tool, called Deep Multiplane Images, allows users to explore scenes from different viewpoints and time frames.
Researchers at Northwestern University and TU Delft have developed a battery-free, energy-harvesting Game Boy that can play games from original cartridges, reducing the need for batteries. The device harnesses energy from solar panels and user button presses to enable indefinite gameplay.
A team of researchers developed an individual biocontainment unit using negative pressure to filter out viral particles, preventing environmental contamination. The device was tested with over 99.99% of virus-sized aerosols trapped, making it safer for healthcare workers.
Researchers developed a novel design approach for a miniature, low-frequency antenna that improves upon limitations of conventional antennas. The new antenna enables robust networking among compact, mobile robots in complex environments with more than threefold bandwidth enhancement.
Researchers at Florida State University have created a new material for X-ray scintillators that uses an organic manganese halide compound, eliminating the need for lead or heavy metals. This breakthrough technology could pave the way for more affordable and sustainable X-ray detectors.
Researchers at Linkæping University have developed a molecule that can absorb and store solar energy. The molecule is part of a group known as molecular photoswitches and can undergo a chemical reaction to change its energy state, enabling efficient storage of solar energy.
The research reviews recent progress on ridge subduction, a key geological process involved in the generation of arc magmatism, material recycling, and metallogenesis. It highlights the significance of ridge subduction in modern oceanic plate tectonics and identifies areas for future research.
Effective solutions to climate change threaten coral reefs require prioritization challenges, weighing quality versus quantity, and species selection. Coordinated interventions combined with best-practice management are necessary to sustain the reef's resilience.
Carnegie Mellon University has received a $500,000 planning grant to develop AI research and interdisciplinary collaborations in astrophysics, subatomic physics, and biophysics. The university aims to promote cross-disciplinary interactions and encourage new collaborations to advance fundamental fields.
The White House, NSF, and DOE announced over $1 billion in awards for the establishment of 12 new AI and QIS research institutes. These institutes will spur cutting-edge innovation, support regional economic growth, and advance American leadership in emerging technologies.
The new diagnostic technique allows direct detection of disease-specific miRNA, breaking through current limitations in early disease detection. The technology is expected to be available to medical practitioners in the next five years, offering a cost-effective solution for rapid and early diagnostics.
The U.S. Department of Energy has awarded Berkeley Lab $1.6 million over three years to develop a superconducting magnet system for cancer treatment, while another project aims to advance rapid-fire laser technology for particle colliders and tabletop accelerators.
A computer science professor at UTA is working on a process called network decoupling, which converts large datasets into individual layers that can be connected and analyzed in different ways. This approach makes it easier to visualize data and results, enabling analysts to picture how the layers of data fit together.
Researchers developed a compact Trace Vapor Generator for Explosives and Narcotics, which can accurately generate trace vapors of low vapor pressure compounds. The device is portable and can be used for non-contact sampling, providing a stable vapor for several hours.
Researchers developed a novel algorithm to detect subtle changes in network data, enabling the protection of Army networks from adversarial actions. The new method uses higher-order networks to analyze complex systems and identify influential nodes, predict co-evolution of multi-genre networks.
A team at University of Toronto Engineering has developed a method to inject healthy cells into damaged eyes, showing promise for treating forms of vision loss. Co-injection of retinal pigmented epithelium and photoreceptor cells improved vision acuity in mouse model, with restored activity in dark chambers.
The KERI research team has successfully demonstrated the production of pixels with a 3D structure, overcoming the light intensity problem and achieving a 2-fold increase in brightness. This technology enables super-high-resolution displays with a pixel density of 5,600PPI, exceeding that of 8K QLED TV.
Researchers create analysis framework to evaluate tradeoffs and design choices in ultraviolet communication systems, offering insights into their natural low-probability-of-detection property. This understanding is crucial for optimizing system performance and predicting detection capabilities.
Researchers developed a nomogram that predicts COVID-19 hospitalization risk based on symptoms, medication use, and demographic factors. The model offers substantially better predictions than using no model at all, providing valuable insights for personalized care and resource allocation.
A McGill research team developed a new technique to detect nano-sized imperfections in materials using atomic force microscopy and ultrafast nonlinear optical methods. This discovery will lead to improvements in optical detectors used in various technologies, including solar cells and cell phones.
A new hybrid anode material, Ti2Nb10O29-x/HRGO, has been developed to improve the performance of lithium-ion batteries. The material exhibits excellent reversible capacity and cycling stability, making it a potential candidate for electric vehicles and mobile electronics.
The Purdue team created a fully implantable radio-frequency transmitter chip that consumes the lowest amount of energy per digital bit published to date. It enables real-time biophysiological data monitoring for conditions like glaucoma and heart disease, eliminating the need for batteries or frequent recharging.
A new laboratory will facilitate interdisciplinary collaboration in photon-based quantum applications, advancing secure communications, quantum computing, and fast information processing. The project aims to establish Paderborn University as a global leader in optoelectronics and photonics research.