Articles tagged with Research and Development
Comprehensive exploration of living organisms, biological systems, and life processes across all scales from molecules to ecosystems. Encompasses cutting-edge research in biology, genetics, molecular biology, ecology, biochemistry, microbiology, botany, zoology, evolutionary biology, genomics, and biotechnology. Investigates cellular mechanisms, organism development, genetic inheritance, biodiversity conservation, metabolic processes, protein synthesis, DNA sequencing, CRISPR gene editing, stem cell research, and the fundamental principles governing all forms of life on Earth.
Comprehensive medical research, clinical studies, and healthcare sciences focused on disease prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. Encompasses clinical medicine, public health, pharmacology, epidemiology, medical specialties, disease mechanisms, therapeutic interventions, healthcare innovation, precision medicine, telemedicine, medical devices, drug development, clinical trials, patient care, mental health, nutrition science, health policy, and the application of medical science to improve human health, wellbeing, and quality of life across diverse populations.
Comprehensive investigation of human society, behavior, relationships, and social structures through systematic research and analysis. Encompasses psychology, sociology, anthropology, economics, political science, linguistics, education, demography, communications, and social research methodologies. Examines human cognition, social interactions, cultural phenomena, economic systems, political institutions, language and communication, educational processes, population dynamics, and the complex social, cultural, economic, and political forces shaping human societies, communities, and civilizations throughout history and across the contemporary world.
Fundamental study of the non-living natural world, matter, energy, and physical phenomena governing the universe. Encompasses physics, chemistry, earth sciences, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, materials science, and the investigation of physical laws, chemical reactions, geological processes, climate systems, and planetary dynamics. Explores everything from subatomic particles and quantum mechanics to planetary systems and cosmic phenomena, including energy transformations, molecular interactions, elemental properties, weather patterns, tectonic activity, and the fundamental forces and principles underlying the physical nature of reality.
Practical application of scientific knowledge and engineering principles to solve real-world problems and develop innovative technologies. Encompasses all engineering disciplines, technology development, computer science, artificial intelligence, environmental sciences, agriculture, materials applications, energy systems, and industrial innovation. Bridges theoretical research with tangible solutions for infrastructure, manufacturing, computing, communications, transportation, construction, sustainable development, and emerging technologies that advance human capabilities, improve quality of life, and address societal challenges through scientific innovation and technological progress.
Study of the practice, culture, infrastructure, and social dimensions of science itself. Addresses how science is conducted, organized, communicated, and integrated into society. Encompasses research funding mechanisms, scientific publishing systems, peer review processes, academic ethics, science policy, research institutions, scientific collaboration networks, science education, career development, research programs, scientific methods, science communication, and the sociology of scientific discovery. Examines the human, institutional, and cultural aspects of scientific enterprise, knowledge production, and the translation of research into societal benefit.
Comprehensive study of the universe beyond Earth, encompassing celestial objects, cosmic phenomena, and space exploration. Includes astronomy, astrophysics, planetary science, cosmology, space physics, astrobiology, and space technology. Investigates stars, galaxies, planets, moons, asteroids, comets, black holes, nebulae, exoplanets, dark matter, dark energy, cosmic microwave background, stellar evolution, planetary formation, space weather, solar system dynamics, the search for extraterrestrial life, and humanity's efforts to explore, understand, and unlock the mysteries of the cosmos through observation, theory, and space missions.
Comprehensive examination of tools, techniques, methodologies, and approaches used across scientific disciplines to conduct research, collect data, and analyze results. Encompasses experimental procedures, analytical methods, measurement techniques, instrumentation, imaging technologies, spectroscopic methods, laboratory protocols, observational studies, statistical analysis, computational methods, data visualization, quality control, and methodological innovations. Addresses the practical techniques and theoretical frameworks enabling scientists to investigate phenomena, test hypotheses, gather evidence, ensure reproducibility, and generate reliable knowledge through systematic, rigorous investigation across all areas of scientific inquiry.
Study of abstract structures, patterns, quantities, relationships, and logical reasoning through pure and applied mathematical disciplines. Encompasses algebra, calculus, geometry, topology, number theory, analysis, discrete mathematics, mathematical logic, set theory, probability, statistics, and computational mathematics. Investigates mathematical structures, theorems, proofs, algorithms, functions, equations, and the rigorous logical frameworks underlying quantitative reasoning. Provides the foundational language and tools for all scientific fields, enabling precise description of natural phenomena, modeling of complex systems, and the development of technologies across physics, engineering, computer science, economics, and all quantitative sciences.
Researchers developed a peptide-based photosensitizer that activates in cancer tissues only and destroys cancer cells without affecting surrounding normal cells. The new technology allows for repeated treatment with long-term release of the agent, reducing side effects associated with traditional phototherapy methods.
Researchers at the University of Zurich have developed a solution to stabilize drones when one motor fails, using onboard camera information. The team equipped quadcopters with standard and event cameras, which enable the drone to estimate its position in space despite high-speed rotation. This innovation improves flight safety in area...
Researchers at Aarhus University are working on a new project, AquaCleaner, to develop a sustainable method for breaking down per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). The proposed cascade treatment strategy uses enzymatic defluorination and a novel nanomaterial-based catalyst to eliminate PFAS.
A novel approach to COVID-19 screening was developed by using a drive-through intraocular pressure (IOP) clinic, allowing for safe measurement of eye pressure in a public health setting. This innovative method minimizes the risk of COVID-19 transmission between patients and clinicians.
The University of Texas at San Antonio's MATRIX AI Consortium has received over $1 million in research funding to develop novel brain-inspired lifelong learning algorithms. Inspired by the honeybee brain, these algorithms aim to close the performance gap between modern AI systems and biological systems.
New research by the U.S. Army reduces unpredictability of current training reinforcement learning policies, enabling robots to reason and adapt to changing battlefield conditions. The breakthrough enhances the Army's future operating concept by incorporating risk sensitivity, safety constraints, exploration, and divergence to a prior.
Researchers developed an AI-based technology to predict phenomena by preserving physical laws, including energy conservation. This approach uses digital calculus and geometric approaches to accurately estimate energy reduction in various phenomena.
A research team in South Korea developed a self-healing colorless polyimide material that can repair cracks and damaged functions without high-temperature heat. The material, created by mixing linseed oil-loaded microcapsules with silicone, offers advantages such as accelerated healing process and local damage repair at room temperature.
A new longitudinal study published in Child Development found that African American youth who receive positive messages about their racial group in school achieve better grades one to two years later. The study suggests that a positive sense of community and interdependence is key to success for these students.
Researchers have developed a new type of ultra-high frequency Si-based nanoelectromechanical resonator that can be used for quantum computing and sensing applications. The device demonstrates excellent mechanical properties, including single-hole tunneling behavior and a record high resonance frequency of 3 GHz.
WSU researchers have developed an origami-inspired fuel bladder that can be squeezed at least 100 times without breaking or leaking under cold conditions. This breakthrough solves a key challenge in space travel, enabling larger and longer-duration missions.
The COVID-19 pandemic is diverting funding and expertise away from other dangerous diseases, putting clinical trials on indefinite hold. Global health experts warn of a long-term harm to the field due to budget constraints and talent redirection.
Artificial Chemist 2.0 enables rapid quantum dot synthesis and analysis using AI-driven robotic systems, identifying optimal materials and formulations in under an hour. The technology accelerates R&D and manufacturing, making it suitable for industrial applications.
Researchers developed a disposable kit for immediate detection of specific airborne viruses in the field. The platform can sample and monitor airborne viruses simultaneously and detects them within 50 minutes on-site.
Researchers developed a membrane material that self-cleans biological contaminants through sunlight irradiation, reducing the need for harsh chemicals and extending membrane lifespan.
A RIT professor is leading a research project to develop low-cost, high-efficiency solar cells using a reusable substrate process. The goal is to reduce the cost of these efficient solar cells, which can power devices like smartphones, drones, and cars.
A novel harmonization method was used to develop a generalizable brain network marker for major depressive disorder (MDD), based on resting-state fMRI data. The marker achieved approximately 70% generalization accuracy for an independent validation dataset, demonstrating its potential for clinical applications.
The Kawasaki Institute of Industrial Promotion has opened a new website for Project COINS, which aims to establish an in-body hospital network by 2045. The initiative is part of the Center of Innovation Program (COI) and will focus on creating innovative healthcare and medical technologies.
The UC2 system allows users to produce a high-quality microscope at low cost, making it suitable for areas where conventional microscopes are not feasible. The open-source tool also enables researchers to share their knowledge and incorporate it into their work, promoting open science.
A virtual study using AI technology is evaluating speech disorders related to Parkinson's disease, aiming to improve assessment and treatment options. The study aims to provide insights into standardization, earlier diagnoses, and tracking discrete changes to guide interventions.
Researchers at POSTECH developed organic spacer molecular additive to improve perovskite solar cells' photoelectric efficiency and stability. The new material reduces internal defects and increases moisture resistance, achieving 21.3% efficiency and maintaining over 80% of initial performance under humid conditions.
The International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis assessed the climate change scenario framework, which combines alternative futures of climate and society. The study found that the framework has been widely applied in over 1,400 studies, enabling research on combined impacts of socioeconomic and climate changes.
A recent analysis found that the diabetes medication canagliflozin slowed kidney function decline in patients with diabetes and advanced chronic kidney disease. The drug also reduced the risk of developing kidney failure and cardiovascular problems in these patients.
A NYUAD researcher has developed a research and development agenda to eliminate cybersickness, allowing for wider use of virtual and augmented reality. The new agenda prioritizes creating powerful head-worn displays, reducing visual latencies, and improving countermeasures.
Researchers have developed a new technique for isolating parvalbumin-expressing neurons, which are linked to Parkinson's disease symptoms. The method uses Cre-specific nuclear anchored independent labeling and has been shown to detect changes in oxygen-sensing genes in diseased neurons.
A new study finds that delivering e-commerce cart retargeting (ECR) ads too early can decrease purchase rates, while late ECR ads have a positive impact. The researchers recommend using price discounts or scarcity framing for early ECR and suggest deploying campaigns with a delay to minimize ad annoyance.
Researchers developed biodegradable esophageal stents using 3D printing to treat radiation esophagitis, promoting tissue regeneration and mitigating inflammatory reactions. This breakthrough could improve patient outcomes and quality of life for those suffering from this condition.
The 7th COINS Symposium aims to realize 'in-body hospitals' by 2045, with a focus on innovative medicines and treatments. The symposium features keynote speakers discussing the latest trends and medicine development.
Researchers at MIT and University of Waterloo developed a high-power, portable terahertz quantum cascade laser that can generate powerful sensing and imaging capabilities. The device can be used for pinpointing skin cancer, detecting hidden explosives, and analyzing gases, drugs, and products.
A new research effort led by the University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture seeks to enhance communication between healthcare providers and rural patients, enabling them to discuss costs and treatment options. The project aims to improve health outcomes for those living in poverty or with limited financial resources.
A new ceramic artificial bone coating has been developed with improved adhesion strength, enabling robust coating on metal and polymer surfaces. This breakthrough reduces production cost and time for implant procedures, addressing issues such as inflammation and loose implants.
The authors argue that the rapidly developing research on SARS-CoV-2 transmission provides a solid foundation for interpreting new information. The established knowledge of viral spread across various contexts and spatial scales, including household, residential, and community settings, remains well-established.
Research suggests that peer defender programs can disempower victims, reinforce bullying, and erode support for them. Schools should be wary of these strategies to reduce risks to vulnerable students.
A University of Saskatchewan-led team has developed a mathematical model to identify the most resilient lentil varieties against climate change. The model uses factors like temperature and photoperiod to predict which lines will perform well in new regions, supporting global food security.
A case study on ICT infrastructure at a Ghanaian research station reveals the importance of seamless connectivity for organizations. The ICT Health Checkup tool assesses four key elements to identify gaps and provide remediation steps.
Astronomers at the University of Vienna used machine learning to trace groups of stars born together and found thousands of sibling stars surrounding well-known cores of star clusters. The discovery reveals that star clusters are enclosed in rich halos, or coronae, more than 10 times larger than previously thought.
The newly created position aims to pioneer research and educational offerings in 'transformational strategy', a novel approach that goes beyond traditional strategy techniques. The Chair will develop practical methods to support company boards in transforming their business models.
A team of researchers at INRS has discovered a method to tune the spectrum of a laser to the infrared using a simple and much less expensive system: a hollow-core fiber filled with nitrogen. This approach delivers optical pulses shorter than those of the input laser and with high spatial quality.
SPARTA assesses military aircraft electronic countermeasures technologies to ensure accurate targeting information. The system provides automated and manual real-time EW analysis, achieving a 99+% detection rate in highly congested spectrums.
The LCR robot can remove full-range aircraft coatings layer-by-layer, shortening processing time by up to 80% and reducing cost-per aircraft. It is compatible with all types of aircraft and helicopters, and can also be used for off-airframe parts.
The University of California Pavement Research Center (UCPRC) will continue its work with Caltrans for another three years. The center focuses on innovative research and engineering principles to improve pavement sustainability.
Researchers developed a mathematical model to estimate key physiological parameters like maximal aerobic speed and endurance in athletes. The non-invasive data gathering method offers new possibilities for treatments and monitoring.
Researchers at KIST and Jeonbuk National University created a new type of two-dimensional material that generates up to 40% more power than traditional materials when subjected to static electricity. This innovation enables the development of self-powered touch sensors that can recognize touch signals without electricity.
Researchers at Northwestern University developed a quantitative model to understand how politicized environments affect US political opinion formation and evolution. The model incorporates three psychological effects: attraction/repulsion, tribalism, and perceptual filtering, to simulate how populations change their opinions.
Researchers in China and Switzerland created biodegradable electronic blood vessels that can be actively tuned to address body changes after implantation. These flexible vessels mimic natural blood vessels and demonstrate promise as surrogate arteries in rabbits.
Researchers developed a new approach to study color perception in fruit flies, enabling simultaneous brain imaging and visual stimulation. The study found strain-specific sensitivities to colors among the fruit flies, with orange-eyed flies exhibiting increased sensitivity in the green range.
Scientists created a new type of fabric that can change shape and support loads, using heat-responsive alloy, stiff composite fibers, and conductive ink. The robotic fabric was used to make a tourniquet and napkin-sized sheet that can fold into a box supporting up to 50g of weight.
A machine learning-based strategy developed by Prof. LI Xianfeng's team can predict VFB stack performance and cost with high accuracy. The strategy improves efficiency, reduces research time, and provides guidance for VFB development.
Researchers have optimized Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers (VCSELs) to achieve lower energy consumption while maintaining high data transmission rates. The study demonstrates that doubling the number of devices can reduce total energy consumption by 50% without compromising device lifetime or reducing current density.
The partnership aims to bring energy resiliency, security, and stability to New Mexico and the US. Sandia will focus on advanced technologies for grid modernization and energy storage.
A research team created dual-mode sensors that capture texture and force, enabling precise measurement of movement magnitude, load, rate, duration, and direction. These sensors could aid people with severe injuries and contribute to advanced robotics.
Researchers found that varied appointment reminders and direct telephone connections with advance reminders can significantly reduce no-shows. These recommendations are based on patient feedback from systematic interviews conducted at the VA Portland Health Care System.
The Salk Institute, along with partners at Sanford Burnham Prebys and UC San Diego, will establish a world-class center to study cellular and tissue aging in humans. The five-year grant aims to identify key drivers of aging and find new ways to increase human health span.
Researchers found that active surveillance and surge testing can prevent COVID-19 spread in homeless shelters. Guidelines developers face challenges due to poorly designed studies, but solutions are proposed through the COVID-NMA Project, which aims to improve evidence synthesis and guideline development.
A new refining process developed by University of Cincinnati researchers enriches the omega-3 fatty acid content of apple juice without changing its taste. This technique uses a vortex fluidic device to minimize oxidation and improve shelf life, resulting in higher-quality fish oil supplements.
A new on-site detection method for PFAS, developed by Curtin University researchers, allows for immediate and accurate measurement of levels. This method could aid in the removal of persistent environmental pollutants from contaminated lands and waters around the world.
Researchers at Cornell University have developed a single device, VibroSense, that can track 17 types of appliances in households by detecting subtle vibrations using lasers and deep learning networks. The device showed nearly 96% accuracy in identifying activities across five houses.
Researchers at the University of Central Florida have developed models to predict periods of relatively higher flood risk due to storm surges. The models link large-scale climate variability events like El Niño to storm surge activity, allowing for more accurate predictions and improved coastal preparedness.
Researchers at Cornell University developed a method to create maneuverable 3D images showing changes in appearance over time using deep learning and tens of thousands of publicly available tourist photos. The tool, called Deep Multiplane Images, allows users to explore scenes from different viewpoints and time frames.
A team of researchers developed an individual biocontainment unit using negative pressure to filter out viral particles, preventing environmental contamination. The device was tested with over 99.99% of virus-sized aerosols trapped, making it safer for healthcare workers.